Imipraminoxide Explained

Imipraminoxide (brand names Imiprex, Elepsin), or imipramine N-oxide, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that was introduced in Europe in the 1960s for the treatment of depression.[1] [2] [3] [4]

Imipraminoxide is both an analogue and a metabolite of imipramine, and has similar effects.[5] [6] [7] [8] However, in clinical trials, imipraminoxide was found to have a faster onset of action, slightly higher efficacy, and fewer and less marked side effects, including diminished orthostatic hypotension and anticholinergic effects like dry mouth, sweating, dizziness, and fatigue.[5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]

Imipraminoxide's pharmacology has not been well elucidated, but based on its very close relationship with imipramine, it likely acts as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and serotonin, adrenenaline, histamine, and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, though with weaker antiadrenergic and anticholinergic actions.[9] [10]

Imipraminoxide has been said to be a prodrug of imipramine.[11]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Swiss Pharmaceutical Society . Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory (Book with CD-ROM) . Medpharm Scientific Publishers . Boca Raton . 2000 . 546 . 3-88763-075-0 .
  2. Book: Dictionary of organic compounds . Chapman & Hall . London . 1996 . 3877 . 0-412-54090-8 .
  3. Faurbye A, Jacobsen O, Kristjansen P, Munkvad I . Imipramine-N-oxide: preliminary investigation of a new antidepressive drug . The American Journal of Psychiatry . 120 . 3 . 277–278 . September 1963 . 13944543 . 10.1176/ajp.120.3.277 .
  4. Lingjaerde O . [Imiprex "Dumex" (imipramine oxide). A new tricyclic antidepressive agent] . no . Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening . 91 . 31 . 2267–2268 . November 1971 . 5133241 .
  5. Rapp W, Norén MB, Pedersen F . Comparative trial of imipramine N-oxide and imipramine in the treatment of out-patients with depressive syndromes . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica . 49 . 1 . 77–90 . 1973 . 4572170 . 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1973.tb04400.x . 37508967 .
  6. Book: Aronson JK . Meyler's Side Effects of Psychiatric Drugs (Meylers Side Effects) . Elsevier Science . Amsterdam . 2008 . 34 . 978-0-444-53266-4 .
  7. Dencker SJ . [Clinical trial with imipramine-N-oxide and amitriptyline-N-oxide] . sv . Nordisk Psykiatrisk Tidsskrift. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry . 25 . 5 . 463–470 . 1971 . 4947298 . 10.3109/08039487109094696 .
  8. Book: Beale JM, Wilson CH, Gisvold O, Block JH . Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . Hagerstown, MD . 2004 . 87 . 0-7817-3481-9 .
  9. Dencker SJ, Bake B . Investigation of the orthostatic reaction after intravenous administration of imipramine, chlorimipramine, and inimpramine-N-oxide . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica . 54 . 1 . 74–78 . July 1976 . 952235 . 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1976.tb00095.x . 13172168 .
  10. Clemmesen L, Mikkelsen PL, Lund H, Bolwig TG, Rafaelsen OJ . Assessment of the anticholinergic effects of antidepressants in a single-dose cross-over study of salivation and plasma levels . Psychopharmacology . 82 . 4 . 348–354 . 1984 . 6427827 . 10.1007/BF00427684 . 5970487 .
  11. Book: Baumann P, Hiemke C . Central Nervous System Drugs . Anzenbacher P, Zanger UM . Metabolism of Drugs and Other Xenobiotics. https://books.google.com/books?id=f-XHh17NfwgC&pg=PA302. 23 February 2012. John Wiley & Sons. 978-3-527-64632-6. 302–.

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