List of endangered and threatened animals and plants of Illinois explained

The Illinois List of Endangered and Threatened Species is reviewed about every five years by the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board (ESPB). To date it has evaluated only plants and animals of the US state of Illinois, not fungi, algae, or other forms of life; species that occur in Illinois which are listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. federal government under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 are automatically listed as such for the state of Illinois.

Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board

The Illinois Endangered Species Protection Act created the ESPB in 1972. The board is made up of six naturalists including at least one botanist, two zoologists, and two ecologists. Board members are volunteers, and include Jeff Walk of The Nature Conservancy, ichthyologist Philip Willink, Joyce Hofmann (chair), Janice Coons (vice-chair), Tracy Evans (secretary), ornithologist, Bruce Ross-Shannon, Jeremie Fant, Randy Schietzelt, Chris Young from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (non-voting member), and one vacancy. They met most recently in 2019 and penultimately in 2014.

Recovery plans

Only twenty species ever listed have had Illinois Endangered and Threatened Species Recovery Plans approved by the board, but other parties may implement recovery plans without board approval. Examples of plans implemented by other parties include that for Hine's emerald dragonfly (Somatochlora hineana) headed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service^[1] ^[2] and Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) headed by the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County.^[3] ^[4] Species with approved recovery plans are: eryngium stem borer (Papaipema eryngii), golden mouse (Ochrotomys nuttalli), American snowbell (Styrax americana), bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), barn owl (Tyto alba), beardtongue (Penstemon tubaeflorus), bloodleaf (Iresine rhizomatosa), creeping St. Johnwort (Hypericum adpressum), eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana), greater prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus cupido), halberd leaf tearthumb (Polygonum arifolium/Tracaulon arifolium), leatherflower (Clematis viorna), marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris), mud-plantain (Heteranthera reniformis), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), osprey (Pandion haliaetus), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), road-winged sedge (Carex alata), royal catchfly (Silene regia), and short-eared owl (Asio flammeus).

List of species

		Illinois status (2020)	Illinois status (2015)	Group	Subgroup	Image
Gastrophryne carolinensis	Eastern narrow-mouthed toad	threatened	threatened	amphibians	frogs and toads
Hyla avivoca	Bird-voiced treefrog	threatened	threatened	amphibians	frogs and toads
Pseudacris illinoensis	Illinois chorus frog	threatened	threatened	amphibians	frogs and toads
Ambystoma platineum	Silvery salamander	endangered	endangered	amphibians	salamanders
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis	Hellbender	endangered	endangered	amphibians	salamanders
Desmognathus conanti	Spotted dusky salamander	endangered	endangered	amphibians	salamanders
Ambystoma jeffersonianum	Jefferson salamander	threatened	threatened	amphibians	salamanders
Hemidactylium scutatum	Four-toed salamander	threatened	threatened	amphibians	salamanders
Necturus maculosus	Mudpuppy	threatened	threatened	amphibians	salamanders
Asio flammeus	Short-eared owl	endangered	endangered	birds
Bartramia longicauda	Upland sandpiper	endangered	endangered	birds
Botaurus lentiginosus	American bittern	endangered	endangered	birds
Buteo swainsoni	Swainson's hawk	endangered	endangered	birds
Charadrius melodus	Piping plover	endangered	endangered	birds
Chlidonias niger	Black tern	endangered	endangered	birds
Circus hudsonius	Northern harrier	endangered	endangered	birds
Egretta caerulea	Little blue heron	endangered	endangered	birds
Egretta thula	Snowy egret	endangered	endangered	birds
Gallinula galeata	Common gallinule	endangered	endangered	birds
Lanius ludovicianus	Loggerhead shrike	endangered	endangered	birds
Laterallus jamaicensis	Black rail	endangered	endangered	birds
Limnothlypis swainsonii	Swainson's warbler	endangered	endangered	birds
Nyctanassa violacea	Yellow-crowned night-heron	endangered	endangered	birds
Nycticorax nycticorax	Black-crowned night-heron	endangered	endangered	birds
Phalaropus tricolor	Wilson's phalarope	endangered	endangered	birds
Rallus elegans	King rail	endangered	endangered	birds
Sterna forsteri	Forster's tern	endangered	endangered	birds
Sterna hirundo	Common tern	endangered	endangered	birds
Sternula antillarum	Least tern	endangered	endangered	birds
Thryomanes bewickii	Bewick's wren	endangered	endangered	birds
Tympanuchus cupido	Greater prairie-chicken	endangered	endangered	birds
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus	Yellow-headed blackbird	endangered	endangered	birds
Ictinia mississippiensis	Mississippi kite	removed from threatened	threatened	birds
Tyto alba	Barn owl	removed from threatened	threatened	birds
Antrostomus carolinensis	Chuck-will's-widow	threatened	threatened	birds
Calidris canutus rufa	Rufa red knot	threatened	threatened	birds
Coccyzus erythropthalmus	Black-billed cuckoo	threatened	threatened	birds
Ixobrychus exilis	Least bittern	threatened	threatened	birds
Pandion haliaetus	Osprey	threatened	endangered	birds
Setophaga cerulea	Cerulean warbler	threatened	threatened	birds
Acipenser fulvescens	Lake sturgeon	endangered	endangered	fishes
Ammocrypta clara	Western sand darter	endangered	endangered	fishes
Coregonus artedi	Cisco	endangered	threatened	fishes
Crystallaria asprella	Crystal darter	endangered	threatened	fishes
Etheostoma camurum	Bluebreast darter	endangered	endangered	fishes
Etheostoma histrio	Harlequin darter	endangered	endangered	fishes
Hybognathus hayi	Cypress minnow	endangered	endangered	fishes
Hybopsis amnis	Pallid shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Ichthyomyzon fossor	Northern brook lamprey	endangered	endangered	fishes
Macrhybopsis gelida	Sturgeon chub	endangered	endangered	fishes
Moxostoma valenciennesi	Greater redhorse	endangered	endangered	fishes
Nocomis micropogon	River chub	endangered	endangered	fishes
Notropis anogenus	Pugnose shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Notropis boops	Bigeye shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Notropis heterolepis	Blacknose shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Notropis maculatus	Taillight shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Notropis texanus	Weed shiner	endangered	endangered	fishes
Noturus stigmosus	Northern madtom	endangered	endangered	fishes
Scaphirhynchus albus	Pallid sturgeon	endangered	endangered	fishes
Anguilla rostrata	American eel	removed from threatened	threatened	fishes
Etheostoma exile	Iowa darter	removed from threatened	threatened	fishes
Ammocrypta pellucida	Eastern sand darter	threatened	threatened	fishes
Catostomus catostomus	Longnose sucker	threatened	threatened	fishes
Cottus bairdii	Mottled sculpin	threatened		fishes
Erimystax x-punctatus	Gravel chub	threatened	threatened	fishes
Forbesichthys agassizii	Spring cavefish	threatened		fishes
	Western banded killifish	threatened	threatened	fishes
Fundulus dispar	Starhead topminnow	threatened	threatened	fishes
Hybognathus hankinsoni	Brassy minnow	threatened	threatened	fishes
Hybopsis amblops	Bigeye chub	threatened	endangered	fishes
Lampetra aepyptera	Least brook lamprey	threatened	threatened	fishes
Lepomis miniatus	Redspotted sunfish	threatened	endangered	fishes
Lepomis symmetricus	Bantam sunfish	threatened	threatened	fishes
Lethenteron appendix	American brook lamprey	threatened	threatened	fishes
Moxostoma carinatum	River redhorse	threatened	threatened	fishes
Notropis chalybaeus	Ironcolor shiner	threatened	threatened	fishes
Notropis heterodon	Blackchin shiner	threatened	threatened	fishes
Notropis nubilus	Ozark minnow	threatened		fishes
Bombus affinis	Rusty patched bumble bee	endangered		invertebrates	bees
Calephelis muticum	Swamp metalmark	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Hesperia metea	Cobweb skipper	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Hesperia ottoe	Ottoe skipper	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Incisalia polios	Hoary elfin	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Papaipema eryngii	Eryngium stem borer	threatened	threatened	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Plebejus melissa samuelis	Karner blue butterfly	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Speyeria idalia	Regal fritillary	threatened	threatened	invertebrates	butterflies and moths
Caecidotea lesliei	Isopod	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Crangonyx anomalus	Anomalous spring amphipod	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Crangonyx packardi	Packard's cave amphipod	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Faxonius indianensis	Indiana crayfish	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Faxonius kentuckiensis	Kentucky crayfish	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Faxonius lancifer	Shrimp crayfish	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Faxonius placidus	Bigclaw crayfish	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Gammarus acherondytes	Illinois cave amphipod	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Stygobromus iowae	Iowa amphipod	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	crustaceans
Nannothemis bella	Elfin skimmer	endangered	threatened	invertebrates
Somatochlora hineana	Hine's emerald dragonfly	endangered	endangered	invertebrates
Athysanella incongrua	Leafhopper	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	leafhoppers
Aflexia rubranura	Redveined prairie leafhopper	threatened	threatened	invertebrates	leafhoppers
Cyprogenia stegaria	Fanshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Elliptio crassidens	Elephant-ear	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Epioblasma rangiana	Northern riffleshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Epioblasma triquetra	Snuffbox	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Eurynia dilatata	Spike	endangered	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Lampsilis abrupta	Pink mucket	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Lampsilis fasciola	Wavy-rayed lampmussel	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Lampsilis higginsii	Higgins eye	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Leptodea leptodon	Scaleshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Margaritifera monodonta	Spectaclecase	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Plethobasus cooperianus	Orangefoot pimpleback	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Plethobasus cyphyus	Sheepnose	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Pleurobema clava	Clubshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Pleurobema cordatum	Ohio pigtoe	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Potamilus capax	Fat pocketbook	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Ptychobranchus fasciolaris	Kidneyshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Reginaia ebenus	Ebonyshell	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Simpsonaias ambigua	Salamander mussel	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Theliderma cylindrica	Rabbitsfoot	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Toxolasma lividum	Purple lilliput	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Villosa iris	Rainbow mussel	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	mussels
Alasmidonta viridis	Slippershell	removed from threatened	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Ligumia recta	Black sandshell	removed from threatened	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Villosa lienosa	Little spectaclecase	removed from threatened	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Cyclonaias tuberculata	Purple wartyback	threatened	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Ellipsaria lineolata	Butterfly mussel	threatened	threatened	invertebrates	mussels
Quadrula metanevra	Monkeyface	threatened		invertebrates	mussels
Centruroides vittatus	Common striped scorpion	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	scorpions
Discus macclintocki	Iowa Pleistocene snail	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	snails
Fontigens antroecetes	Hydrobiid Cave snail	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	snails
Leptoxis praerosa	Onyx rocksnail	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	snails
Lithasia obovata	Shawnee rocksnail	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	snails
Pygmarrhopalites madonnensis	Madonna Cave springtail	endangered	endangered	invertebrates	springtails
Diploperla robusta	Robust springfly	endangered	endangered	invertebrates
Prostoia ozarkensis	Central forestfly	endangered	endangered	invertebrates
Canis lupus	Gray/timber wolf	endangered	threatened	mammals
Corynorhinus rafinesquii	Rafinesque's big-eared bat	endangered	endangered	mammals
Myotis austroriparius	Southeastern myotis	endangered	endangered	mammals
Myotis grisescens	Gray bat	endangered	endangered	mammals
Myotis sodalis	Indiana bat	endangered	endangered	mammals
Neotoma floridana	Eastern wood rat	removed from endangered	endangered	mammals
Myotis leibii	Eastern small-footed bat	threatened	threatened	mammals
Myotis septentrionalis	Northern long-eared bat	threatened	threatened	mammals
Poliocitellus franklinii	Franklin's ground squirrel	threatened	threatened	mammals
Actaea podocarpa	American bugbane	endangered	endangered	plants
Actaea racemosa	False bugbane	endangered	endangered	plants
Actaea rubifolia	Black cohosh	endangered	endangered	plants
Adoxa moschatellina	Moschatel	endangered	endangered	plants
	Speckled alder	endangered	endangered	plants
Amelanchier sanguinea	Shadbush	endangered	endangered	plants
Amorpha nitens	Smooth false indigo	endangered	endangered	plants
Andromeda glaucophylla	Bog rosemary	endangered	endangered	plants
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	Bearberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Artemisia dracunculus	Dragon wormwood	endangered	endangered	plants
Asclepias lanuginosa	Wooly milkweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Asclepias meadii	Mead's milkweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Asclepias ovalifolia	Oval milkweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Asclepias stenophylla	Narrow-leaved green milkweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Asplenium bradleyi	Bradley's spleenwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Asplenium resiliens	Black spleenwort	endangered	endangered	plants
	Large ground plum	endangered	endangered	plants
Astragalus distortus	Bent milk vetch	endangered	endangered	plants
Astragalus tennesseensis	Tennessee milk vetch	endangered	endangered	plants
Avenella flexuosa	Hairgrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Baptisia tinctoria	Yellow wild indigo	endangered	endangered	plants
Bartonia paniculata	Screwstem	endangered	endangered	plants
Beckmannia syzigachne	American slough grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Berchemia scandens	Supple-jack	endangered	endangered	plants
Betula alleghaniensis	Yellow birch	endangered	endangered	plants
Botrychium campestre	Prairie moonwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Botrychium matricariifolium	Daisyleaf grape fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Botrychium multifidum	Northern grape fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Botrychium simplex	Dwarf grape fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Bouteloua gracilis	Blue grama	endangered	endangered	plants
Bumelia lanuginosa	Wooly buckthorn	endangered	endangered	plants
Calamagrostis insperata	Hollow reed grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Calla palustris	Water arum	endangered	endangered	plants
Calopogon oklahomensis	Oklahoma grass pink orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Calopogon tuberosus	Grass pink orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Camassia angusta	Wild hyacinth	endangered	endangered	plants
	Cuckoo flower	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex alata	Winged sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex arkansana	Arkansas sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex brunnescens	Brownish sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex canescens	Silvery sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex chordorrhiza	Cordroot sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex crawfordii	Crawford's sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex cumulata	Sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex debilis	White-edge sedge	endangered		plants
Carex decomposita	Cypress-knee sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex diandra	Sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex disperma	Shortleaf sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex echinata	Sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex formosa	Sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex garberi	Elk sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex gigantea	Large sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex heliophila	Plains sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex intumescens	Swollen sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex nigromarginata	Black-edged sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex oligosperma	Few-seeded sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex opaca	Opaque oval sedge	endangered		plants
Carex physorhyncha	Bellow's beak sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex plantaginea	Plaintain-leaved sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex reniformis	Reniform sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex straminea	Eastern Straw sedge	endangered		plants
Carex trisperma	Three-seeded sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carex tuckermanii	Tuckerman's sedge	endangered	endangered	plants
Carya pallida	Pale hickory	endangered	endangered	plants
Castilleja sessiliflora	Downy yellow painted cup	endangered	endangered	plants
Ceanothus herbaceus	Redroot	endangered	endangered	plants
Chamaelirium luteum	Fairy wand	endangered	endangered	plants
Chamaesyce polygonifolia	Seaside spurge	endangered	endangered	plants
Chimaphila maculata	Spotted wintergreen	endangered	endangered	plants
Chimaphila umbellata	Pipsissewa	endangered	endangered	plants
Circaea alpina	Small enchanter's nightshade	endangered	endangered	plants
Cirsium pitcheri	Pitcher's (dune) thistle	endangered	threatened	plants
Cladrastis lutea	Yellowwood	endangered	endangered	plants
Clematis crispa	Blue jasmine	endangered	endangered	plants
Clematis viorna	Leatherflower	endangered	endangered	plants
Collinsia violacea	Violet collinsia	endangered	endangered	plants
Comptonia peregrina	Sweetfern	endangered	endangered	plants
Conioselinum chinense	Hemlock parsley	endangered	endangered	plants
Corallorhiza maculata	Spotted coral-root orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Cornus canadensis	Bunchberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Corydalis aurea	Golden corydalis	endangered	endangered	plants
Corydalis halei	Hale's corydalis	endangered	endangered	plants
Corydalis sempervirens	Pink corydalis	endangered	endangered	plants
Cynosciadium digitatum	Cynosciadium	endangered	endangered	plants
Cypripedium acaule	Moccasin flower	endangered	endangered	plants
Cypripedium parviflorum	Small yellow lady's slipper	endangered	endangered	plants
Cypripedium reginae	Showy lady's slipper	endangered	endangered	plants
Cystopteris laurentiana	Laurentian fragile fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Dalea foliosa	Leafy prairie clover	endangered	endangered	plants
Delphinium carolinianum	Hill prairie larkspur/wild blue larkspur	endangered	threatened	plants
Dendrolycopodium dendroideum	Ground pine	endangered	endangered	plants
Dendrolycopodium hickeyi	Hickey's groundpine	endangered		plants
Dennstaedtia punctilobula	Hay-scented fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Dichanthelium boreale	Northern panic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Dichanthelium joori	Panic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Dichanthelium portoricense	Hemlock panic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Dichanthelium ravenelii	Ravenel's panic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Dichanthelium yadkinense	Panic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Draba cuneifolia	Whitlow grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Drosera rotundifolia	Round-leaved sundew	endangered	endangered	plants
Dryopteris celsa	Log fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Echinodorus tenellus	Small burhead	endangered	endangered	plants
Eleocharis olivacea	Capitate spikerush	endangered	endangered	plants
Eleocharis pauciflora	Few-flowered spikerush	endangered	endangered	plants
Elymus trachycaulus	Bearded wheat grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Equisetum scirpoides	Dwarf scouring rush	endangered	endangered	plants
Equisetum sylvaticum	Woodland horsetail	endangered	endangered	plants
Eriophorum virginicum	Rusty cotton grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Eryngium prostratum	Eryngo	endangered	endangered	plants
Eupatorium hyssopifolium	Hyssop-leaved thoroughwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Euphorbia spathulata	Spurge	endangered	endangered	plants
Fimbristylis vahlii	Vahl's fimbry	endangered	endangered	plants
Galactia mohlenbrockii	Boykin's dioclea	endangered	endangered	plants
Galium virgatum	Dwarf bedstraw	endangered	endangered	plants
Geranium bicknellii	Northern cranesbill	endangered	endangered	plants
Glyceria arkansana	Arkansas mannagrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Gratiola quartermaniae	Hedge hyssop	endangered	endangered	plants
Gymnocarpium dryopteris	Oak fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Gymnocarpium robertianum	Scented oak fern	endangered	endangered	plants
	Stickseed	endangered	endangered	plants
Halesia carolina	Silverbell tree	endangered	endangered	plants
Helianthus angustifolius	Narrow-leaved sunflower	endangered	threatened	plants
Helianthus giganteus	Tall sunflower	endangered	endangered	plants
Heliotropium tenellum	Slender heliotrope	endangered	endangered	plants
Heteranthera reniformis	Mud plantain	endangered	endangered	plants
Hexalectris spicata	Crested coralroot orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Hudsonia tomentosa	False heather	endangered	endangered	plants
Hydrolea uniflora	One-flowered hydrolea	endangered	endangered	plants
Hymenopappus scabiosaeus	Old plainsman	endangered	threatened	plants
Hypericum adpressum	Shore St. John's wort	endangered	endangered	plants
Hypericum kalmianum	Kalm's St. John's wort	endangered	endangered	plants
Iliamna remota	Kankakee mallow	endangered	endangered	plants
Iresine rhizomatosa	Bloodleaf	endangered	endangered	plants
Isoetes butleri	Butler's quillwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Isotria medeoloides	Small whorled pogonia	endangered	endangered	plants
Isotria verticillata	Whorled pogonia	endangered	endangered	plants
Juglans cinerea	Butternut	endangered		plants
Juncus vaseyi	Vasey's rush	endangered	endangered	plants
Juniperus horizontalis	Trailing juniper	endangered	endangered	plants
Justicia ovata	Water willow	endangered	endangered	plants
Larix laricina	Tamarack	endangered	threatened	plants
Lechea intermedia	Savanna pinweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Lespedeza leptostachya	Prairie bush clover	endangered	endangered	plants
	Red honeysuckle	endangered	endangered	plants
Lonicera flava	Yellow honeysuckle	endangered	endangered	plants
Luzula acuminata	Hairy woodrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Lycopodiella inundata	Bog clubmoss	endangered	endangered	plants
Lycopodium clavatum	Running pine	endangered	endangered	plants
Lysimachia radicans	Creeping loosestrife	endangered	endangered	plants
Malus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved crabapple	endangered	endangered	plants
Malvastrum hispidum	False mallow	endangered	endangered	plants
Matelea decipiens	Climbing milkweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Medeola virginiana	Indian cucumber root	endangered	endangered	plants
Megalodonta beckii	Water marigold	endangered	endangered	plants
Melanthera nivea	White melanthera	endangered	endangered	plants
Melanthium virginicum	Virginia bunchflower	endangered	threatened	plants
Melica mutica	Two-flowered melic grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Mentzelia oligosperma	Stickleaf	endangered	endangered	plants
Micranthes virginiensis	Early saxifrage	endangered	endangered	plants
Mimosa nuttallii	Cat's claw	endangered		plants
Mimulus glabratus	Yellow monkey flower	endangered	endangered	plants
Mirabilis hirsuta	Hairy umbrella-wort	endangered	endangered	plants
Nemophila triloba	Baby blue-eyes	endangered	endangered	plants
Nothocalais cuspidata	Prairie dandelion	endangered	endangered	plants
Opuntia fragilis	Fragile prickly pear	endangered	endangered	plants
Orobanche fasciculata	Clustered broomrape	endangered	endangered	plants
Penstemon grandiflorus	Large-flowered beard tongue	endangered	endangered	plants
Penstemon tubaeflorus	Tube beard tongue	endangered	endangered	plants
Phacelia gilioides	Ozark phacelia	endangered	endangered	plants
Phegopteris connectilis	Long beech fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Phemeranthus calycinus	Fameflower	endangered	endangered	plants
Phlox pilosa sangamonensis	Sangamon phlox	endangered	endangered	plants
Physaria ludoviciana	Silvery bladderpod	endangered	endangered	plants
Pinus banksiana	Jack pine	endangered	endangered	plants
Pinus echinata	Shortleaf pine	endangered	endangered	plants
Pinus resinosa	Red pine	endangered	endangered	plants
Plantago cordata	Heart-leaved plantain	endangered	endangered	plants
Platanthera ciliaris	Orange fringed orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Platanthera clavellata	Wood orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Platanthera leucophaea	Eastern prairie fringed orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Platanthera psycodes	Purple fringed orchid	endangered	endangered	plants
Poa alsodes	Grove bluegrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Poa languida	Weak bluegrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Poa wolfii	Wolf's bluegrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Pogonia ophioglossoides	Snake-mouth	endangered	endangered	plants
Polanisia jamesii	James' clammyweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Polygala incarnata	Pink milkwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Polygonatum pubescens	Downy Solomon's Seal	endangered	threatened	plants
Polygonum careyi	Carey's heartsease	endangered	endangered	plants
Populus balsamifera	Balsam poplar	endangered	endangered	plants
Potamogeton praelongus	White-stemmed pondweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Potamogeton pulcher	Spotted pondweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Potamogeton robbinsii	Fern pondweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Potamogeton strictifolius	Stiff pondweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Primula mistassinica	Bird's-eye primrose	endangered	endangered	plants
Ptilimnium nuttallii	Mock bishop's weed	endangered	endangered	plants
Quercus texana	Nuttall's oak	endangered	endangered	plants
Ranunculus rhomboideus	Prairie buttercup	endangered	threatened	plants
Rhamnus alnifolia	Alder buckthorn	endangered	endangered	plants
Rhexia mariana	Dull meadow beauty	endangered	endangered	plants
Rhynchospora alba	Beaked rush	endangered	endangered	plants
Rhynchospora glomerata	Clustered beak rush	endangered	endangered	plants
Ribes hirtellum	Northern gooseberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Rosa acicularis	Bristly rose	endangered	endangered	plants
Sabatia campestris	Prairie rose gentian	endangered	endangered	plants
Sagittaria australis	Arrowhead	endangered	endangered	plants
Salix serissima	Autumn willow	endangered	endangered	plants
Salix syrticola	Dune willow	endangered	endangered	plants
	Red-berried elder	endangered	endangered	plants
Sanguisorba canadensis	American burnet	endangered	endangered	plants
Sanicula smallii	Southern black snakeroot	endangered	endangered	plants
Sarracenia purpurea	Pitcher plant	endangered	endangered	plants
Sceptridium biternatum	Southern grape fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Schizachne purpurascens	False melic grass	endangered	endangered	plants		]
Schoenoplectus purshianus	Pursh's bulrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Schoenoplectus smithii	Smith's bulrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Scirpus hattorianus	Bulrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Scirpus microcarpus	Small-fruited bulrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Scirpus polyphyllus	Leafy bulrush	endangered	threatened	plants
Scleria muhlenbergii	Muhlenberg's nut rush	endangered	endangered	plants
Scleria pauciflora	Carolina whipgrass	endangered	endangered	plants
Shepherdia canadensis	Buffaloberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Silene ovata	Ovate catchfly	endangered	endangered	plants
Silene regia	Royal catchfly	endangered	endangered	plants
Sisyrinchium atlanticum	Eastern blue-eyed grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Sisyrinchium montanum	Mountain blue-eyed grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Sorbus americana	American mountain ash	endangered	endangered	plants
Sparganium americanum	American bur-reed	endangered	endangered	plants
Sparganium emersum	Green-fruited bur-reed	endangered	endangered	plants
Spiranthes lucida	Yellow-lipped ladies' tresses	endangered	endangered	plants
Spiranthes vernalis	Spring ladies' tresses	endangered	endangered	plants
Stellaria pubera	Great chickweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Stylisma pickeringii	Patterson's bindweed	endangered	endangered	plants
Styrax grandifolius	Bigleaf snowbell bush	endangered	endangered	plants
	Snowberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Tetraneuris herbacea	Lakeside daisy	endangered	endangered	plants
Thelypteris noveboracensis	New York fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Tilia heterophylla	White basswood	endangered	endangered	plants
Torreyochloa pallida	Pole manna-grass	endangered	endangered	plants
Tracaulon arifolium	Halberd-leaved tearthumb	endangered	endangered	plants
Tradescantia bracteata	Prairie spiderwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Trichophorum cespitosum	Tufted bulrush	endangered	endangered	plants
Trientalis borealis	Star-flower	endangered	endangered	plants
Trillium cernuum	Nodding trillium	endangered	endangered	plants
Trillium erectum	Ill-scented trillium	endangered	endangered	plants
Trillium viride	Green trillium	endangered	endangered	plants
Ulmus thomasii	Rock elm	endangered	endangered	plants
Utricularia cornuta	Horned bladderwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Utricularia minor	Small bladderwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Utricularia subulata	Hair bladderwort	endangered	endangered	plants
Vaccinium corymbosum	Highbush blueberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Vaccinium macrocarpon	Large cranberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Vaccinium oxycoccos	Small cranberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Vaccinium stamineum	Deerberry	endangered	endangered	plants
Valeriana uliginosa	Marsh valerian	endangered	endangered	plants
Valerianella chenopodifolia	Corn salad	endangered	endangered	plants
Valerianella umbilicata	Corn salad	endangered	endangered	plants
Vandenboschia boschiana	Filmy fern	endangered	endangered	plants
Veronica americana	American brooklime	endangered	endangered	plants
Viola blanda	Hairy white violet	endangered	endangered	plants
Viola canadensis	Canada violet	endangered	endangered	plants
Viola primulifolia	Primrose violet	endangered	endangered	plants
Woodsia ilvensis	Rusty woodsia	endangered	endangered	plants
Zigadenus elegans	White camas	endangered	endangered	plants
Clematis occidentalis	Mountain clematis	removed from endangered	endangered	plants
Corylus cornuta	Beaked hazelnut	removed from endangered	endangered	plants
Carex communis	Fibrous-footed sedge/fibrous-rooted sedge	removed from threatened	threatened	plants
Agalinis skinneriana	Pale false foxglove	threatened	threatened	plants
Amelanchier interior	Shadbush	threatened	threatened	plants
Ammophila breviligulata	Marram grass	threatened	threatened	plants
Aster furcatus	Forked aster	threatened	threatened	plants
Besseya bullii	Kitten tails	threatened	threatened	plants
Boltonia decurrens	Decurrent false aster	threatened	threatened	plants
Buchnera americana	Bluehearts	threatened	threatened	plants
	Sea rocket	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex atlantica	Sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex aurea	Golden sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex bromoides	Sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex cryptolepis	Yellow sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex oxylepis	Sharp-scaled sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex prasina	Drooping sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex viridula	Little green sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carex willdenowii	Willdenow's sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Carya aquatica	Water hickory	threatened	threatened	plants
Chamaedaphne calyculata	Leatherleaf	threatened	threatened	plants
Cyperus grayoides	Umbrella sedge	threatened	threatened	plants
Cyperus lancastriensis	Galingale	threatened	threatened	plants
Dodecatheon frenchii	French's shootingstar	threatened	threatened	plants
Drosera intermedia	Narrow-leaved sundew	threatened	threatened	plants
Eleocharis rostellata	Beaked spike rush	threatened	threatened	plants
Epilobium strictum	Downy willow herb	threatened	threatened	plants
Equisetum pratense	Meadow horsetail	threatened	threatened	plants
Euonymus americanus	American strawberry bush	threatened	threatened	plants
Festuca paradoxa	Cluster fescue	threatened		plants
Filipendula rubra	Queen-of-the-prairie	threatened	threatened	plants
Huperzia porophila	Cliff clubmoss	threatened	threatened	plants
Hylotelephium telephioides	American orpine	threatened	threatened	plants
Juncus alpinoarticulatus	Richardson's rush	threatened	threatened	plants
Juniperus communis	Ground juniper	threatened	threatened	plants
Lathyrus ochroleucus	Pale vetchling	threatened	threatened	plants
Melothria pendula	Squirting cucumber	threatened	threatened	plants
Menyanthes trifoliata	Buckbean	threatened	threatened	plants
Minuartia patula	Slender sandwort	threatened	threatened	plants
Monarda clinopodia	White bergamot	threatened		plants
Orobanche ludoviciana	Broomrape	threatened	threatened	plants
Oxalis illinoensis	Illinois wood sorrel	threatened	threatened	plants
Phaeophyscia leana	Lea's bog lichen	threatened	threatened	plants
Phemeranthus parviflorus	Small flower-of-an-hour	threatened	threatened	plants
Planera aquatica	Water elm	threatened	threatened	plants
Platanthera flava	Tubercled orchid	threatened	threatened	plants
Potamogeton gramineus	Grass-leaved pondweed	threatened	threatened	plants
Quercus montana	Rock chestnut oak	threatened	threatened	plants
Quercus phellos	Willow oak	threatened	threatened	plants
Ranunculus harveyi	Harvey's buttercup	threatened		plants
Rubus odoratus	Purple-flowering raspberry	threatened	threatened	plants
Rubus pubescens	Dwarf raspberry	threatened	threatened	plants
Rubus schneideri	Bristly blackberry	threatened	threatened	plants
Rudbeckia missouriensis	Missouri orange coneflower	threatened	threatened	plants
Salvia azurea	Blue sage	threatened	threatened	plants
Schoenoplectus hallii	Hall's bulrush	threatened	threatened	plants
Solidago sciaphila	Cliff goldenrod	threatened	threatened	plants
Stenanthium gramineum	Grass-leaved lily	threatened	threatened	plants
Styrax americana	Storax	threatened	threatened	plants
Sullivantia sullivantii	Sullivantia	threatened	threatened	plants
Synandra hispidula	Hairy synandra	threatened	threatened	plants
Tofieldia glutinosa	False asphodel	threatened	threatened	plants
Trifolium reflexum	Buffalo clover	threatened	threatened	plants
Triglochin maritima	Common bog arrowgrass	threatened	threatened	plants
Triglochin palustris	Slender bog arrowgrass	threatened	threatened	plants
Urtica chamaedryoides	Nettle	threatened	threatened	plants
Utricularia intermedia	Flat-leaved bladderwort	threatened	threatened	plants
Veronica scutellata	Marsh speedwell	threatened	threatened	plants
Viburnum molle	Arrowwood	threatened	threatened	plants
Coluber flagellum	Coachwhip	endangered	endangered	reptiles	snakes
Nerodia fasciata	Southern watersnake	endangered	endangered	reptiles	snakes
Pantherophis emoryi	Great Plains ratsnake	endangered	endangered	reptiles	snakes
Sistrurus catenatus	Eastern massasauga	endangered	endangered	reptiles	snakes
Clonophis kirtlandii	Kirtland's snake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Crotalus horridus	Timber rattlesnake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Heterodon nasicus	Plains hog-nosed snake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Nerodia cyclopion	Mississippi green watersnake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Tantilla gracilis	Flat-headed snake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Thamnophis saurita	Eastern ribbonsnake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Tropidoclonion lineatum	Lined snake	threatened	threatened	reptiles	snakes
Clemmys guttata	Spotted turtle	endangered	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Emydoidea blandingii	Blanding's turtle	endangered	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Kinosternon flavescens	Yellow mud turtle	endangered	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Macrochelys temminckii	Alligator snapping turtle	endangered	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Pseudemys concinna	River cooter	endangered	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Apalone mutica	Smooth softshell	threatened	endangered	reptiles	turtles
Terrapene ornata	Ornate box turtle	threatened	threatened	reptiles	turtles

Notes and References

Web site: Hine's emerald dragonfly (Somatochlora hineana) . U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Midwest Region . 23 January 2020 . Bloomington, MN . en . 29 May 2019 . 23 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200123180840/https://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/insects/hed/index.html . live .
Web site: Velat . Tom . Enlisting Crayfish to Help the Hine's Emerald Dragonfly . Forest Preserve District of DuPage County . 23 January 2020 . Wheaton, IL . en . 29 May 2019 . 23 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200123180141/https://www.dupageforest.org/blog/crayfish-help-hines-emerald-dragonfly . live .
Web site: Blanding's Turtles Relief for a Rare Reptile . Forest Preserve District of DuPage County . 23 January 2020 . Wheaton, IL . en . 23 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200123180554/https://www.dupageforest.org/plants-wildlife/restore-conserve/wildlife/blandings-turtle . live .
Web site: Blanding's Turtle . Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum . 23 January 2020 . Chicago, IL . en . 23 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200123180603/https://naturemuseum.org/nature-and-science-in-action/conservation-research/blandings-turtle . live .