Ictavirus acipenseridallo2 explained

Ictavirus acipenseridallo2 (AciHV-2) is a virus in the genus Ictalurivirus, family Alloherpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.[1] It infects sturgeon of the family Acipenseridae.

Background

Initial isolation of the virus came from the ovarian fluid of healthy adult sturgeon.[2] Further isolation of the virus came in the form of skin lesions from subadult sturgeons which underwent high levels of morbidity and mortality.

Genome

Genomic sequencing of the species shows similarities with other species in genus Ictalurus even though host species are different for the species and other viral species in the genus. AciHV-2 is a novel virus for sturgeon. Whole-genome sequencing found it to have around 134 kb and quantitative PCR found it to have low homology with other such pathogens.[3]

Gene structure of AciHV-2 shows high degrees of synteny with IcHV-1.[4] BlastX programs for showing similarities between gene sequences between AciHV-2 and IcHV-1 each counterpart for each gene sequence for open reading frames in the respective species showed a counterpart to the other.

Pathology

High mortality rates for sturgeons was accompanied by erratic swimming and skin lesions.[5] Hemorrhaging has also been observed along with necrosis in the kidney, spleen and liver. Characteristics to herpesvirus showed sturgeon with skin lesions which eventually lead to necrosis. Lesions were only seen on the external side of the fish with no evidence of lesions internally in the main organs.

AciHV-2 had several episodes of epizootics.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190330100806/https://talk.ictvonline.org/files/master-species-lists/m/msl/8266 . March 30, 2019 . 8 April 2024 . International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
  2. Watson . L. R. . Yun . S. C. . Groff . J. M. . Hedrick . R. P. . 1995 . Characteristics and pathogenicity of a novel herpesvirus isolated from adult and subadult white sturgeon Acipensertransmontanus . Diseases of Aquatic Organisms . en . 22 . 3 . 199–210 . 10.3354/dao022199 . 0177-5103.
  3. Cardé . E. M. Q. . Anenson . K. . Waldbieser . G. . Brown . C. T. . Griffin . M. . Henderson . E. . Yun . S. . Soto . E. . 2024 . Acipenserid herpesvirus 2 genome and partial validation of a qPCR for its detection in white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus . Diseases of Aquatic Organisms . en . 157 . 45–59 . 10.3354/dao03768 . 0177-5103.
  4. Doszpoly . A. . Somogyi . V. . LaPatra . S. E. . Benkő . M. . 2011 . Partial genome characterization of acipenserid herpesvirus 2: taxonomical proposal for the demarcation of three subfamilies in Alloherpesviridae . Archives of Virology . en . 156 . 12 . 2291–2296 . 10.1007/s00705-011-1108-7 . 0304-8608.
  5. Soto . E. . Richey . C. . Stevens . B. . Yun . S. . Kenelty . K. . Reichley . S. . Griffin . M. . Kurobe . T. . Camus . A. . 2017 . Co-infection of Acipenserid herpesvirus 2 (AciHV-2) and Streptococcus iniae in cultured white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus . Diseases of Aquatic Organisms . en . 124 . 1 . 11–20 . 10.3354/dao03108 . 0177-5103.

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