| Momuna | |
| Nativename: | Somahai |
| States: | Indonesia |
| Region: | Highland Papua Yahukimo Regency |
| Speakers: | 2,200 |
| Date: | 1998–2000 |
| Ref: | e18 |
| Familycolor: | Papuan |
| Fam1: | Trans–New Guinea |
| Fam2: | Central West New Guinea |
| Fam3: | Momuna–Mek[1] |
| Dia1: | Momuna |
| Dia2: | Momina |
| Lc1: | mqf |
| Ld1: | Momuna |
| Lc2: | mmb |
| Ld2: | Momina |
| Glotto: | soma1242 |
| Glottorefname: | Somahai |
Momuna (Momina), also known as Somahai (Somage, Sumohai), is a Papuan language spoken in Yahukimo Regency, Highland Papua and Asmat Regency, South Papua, Indonesia.
Reimer notes two dialects, one on the Balim River and one on the Rekai. One of the differences is that when /u/ follows an /u/ or /o/ in the Balim dialect, it is /i/ in the Rekai dialect. Thus the ethnonym 'Momuna' is pronounced 'Momina' in Rekai dialect.[2]
The Somahai pronouns, singular *na, *ka, *mo, are typical of Trans–New Guinea languages. They were placed in the Central and South New Guinea branch of that family by Wurm. Ross could not locate enough evidence to classify them. Usher found them to be closest to the Mek languages, in the Central West New Guinea, which partially overlaps with Wurm's C&SNG.
| Plosive | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fricative | pronounced as /link/ | |||
| Nasal | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Approximant | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ |
| High | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-high | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Mid-low | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Low | pronounced as /link/ |
Additionally, there are at most three tones: high, low, and mid. The mid tone only occurs on monosyllabic words.[3]
The following basic vocabulary words of Momuna are from Voorhoeve (1975),[4] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[5] [6]
| gloss | Momuna | |
|---|---|---|
| head | toko | |
| hair | toko-ate | |
| eye | otu | |
| tooth | ija | |
| leg | i jo-ku | |
| louse | amega | |
| dog | kwoka | |
| pig | uwo | |
| egg | magisaga | |
| blood | janɨ | |
| bone | toko | |
| skin | ke | |
| tree | kwo | |
| man | mogo-mearu | |
| sun | ɨkɨ | |
| water | iŋga | |
| fire | kukwa | |
| stone | kɨ | |
| eat | nowa- |