Kháng language should not be confused with Tay Khang language.
| Kháng | |
| Nativename: | Mang U’ |
| States: | Vietnam |
| Region: | Sơn La and Lai Châu provinces |
| Ethnicity: | Khang |
| Date: | 2009 census |
| Ref: | e18 |
| Familycolor: | Austro-Asiatic |
| Fam2: | Khasi–Palaungic |
| Fam3: | Palaungic |
| Fam4: | Bit–Khang |
| Iso3: | kjm |
| Lc1: | xao |
| Ld1: | Khao |
| Glotto: | khan1274 |
| Glottorefname: | Khang |
Kháng, also known as Mang U’, is an Austroasiatic language of Vietnam.[1] It is closely related to the Bumang language of southern Yunnan, China.
Paul Sidwell (2014)[2] classifies Khang as Palaungic, although Jerold Edmondson (2010) suggests it is Khmuic.
Kháng is most closely related to Bumang (Edmondson 2010).
Kháng speakers are an officially recognized ethnic group in Vietnam,[3] and officially numbered 10,272 in 1999.
The Kháng are distributed in the following districts of northwest Vietnam in Sơn La Province and Lai Châu Province:[4]
Tạ (2021) contains a phonology and word list of the Kháng dialect of Nậm Mu village, Phình Sáng commune, Tuần Giáo district, Điện Biên province.[5]
| Plosive | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Implosive | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||||
| Fricative | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||||
| Nasal | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Approximant | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ |
| High | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mid-high | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | |
| Mid-low | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | ||
| Low | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ |
Additionally, the following diphthongs can be found: /iɤ/, /ɯɤ/, /uɤ/.
Kháng also has eight tones in total, six of which appear on "live syllables" - open syllables or syllables ending with sonorants, and the other two are limited to "dead syllables" - syllables ending in the oral stops /p t k/.[5] Each tone also carries with it a specific register affecting the phonation of the syllable.
The live syllable tones are as follows:
The dead syllable tones are as follows: