Cun | |
States: | China |
Region: | western Hainan |
Speakers: | 80,000 |
Date: | 1999 |
Ref: | e18 |
Familycolor: | Tai–Kadai |
Fam2: | Hlai |
Fam3: | Central |
Fam4: | North |
Dia1: | Nadou |
Iso3: | cuq |
Glotto: | cunn1236 |
Glottorefname: | Cun |
Also Known As: | 仡隆语 Gelong |
Cun (; meaning "village language/speech"), also known as Gelong (仡隆语 / 哥隆语) or Ngan-Fon, is a Kra–Dai language spoken on Hainan Island.[1] It is a part of the Hlai languages branch and has a lexical similarity with standard Hlai at 40%. The language has approximately 80,000 speakers, 47,200 of which are monolingual. Cun is a tonal language with 10 tones, used depending on whether a syllable is checked or unchecked. The speakers of this language are classified by the Chinese government as ethnic Han; in Hainan, Nadou[2] and Lingao speakers are also classified as ethnic Han.[3]
The Cun are descended from Han Chinese migrants to Hainan Island who intermarried with the local Li people. As a result, Cun has more Chinese loanwords than other Hlai languages.[4]
Nearby, the Fuma (Chinese: 付马话, 府玛话, or 富马话) dialect, a variety of Chinese similar to Gan-Hakka that has been strongly influenced by Cun, is spoken in Fuma Village 付马村, Sigeng Town 四更镇, Dongfang City.[5] It had about 800 speakers in 1994.