Oroko language explained

Oroko
Nativename:Balondo
Region:Southwest and Kribi
States:Cameroon
Date:2000
Ref:e18
Familycolor:Niger-Congo
Fam2:Atlantic–Congo
Fam3:Benue–Congo
Fam4:Bantoid
Fam5:Bantu (Zone A)
Fam6:Sawabantu (A.10)
Dia1:Kundu
Dia2:Lue
Dia3:Mbonge
Dia4:Ekombe
Dia5:Londo ba Nanga
Dia6:Londo ba Diko
Dia7:Ngolo
Dia8:Bima
Dia9:Tanga or Batanga
Dia10:Koko
Iso3:bdu
Glotto:orok1266
Glottorefname:Oroko
Guthrie:A.101 (ex-A.11,12)

Oroko, also Bakundu-Balue or Balundu-Bima, is a Sawa Bantu dialect cluster spoken in Cameroon.

Varieties are Kundu/Nkundu (Lokundu, Bakundu), Lue (Lolue, Balue), Mbonge, Ekombe, Londo (Londo ba Nanga; cf. Londo), Londo ba Diko, Ngolo (Longolo; cf. Ngolo dialect), Bima, Tanga (Lotanga, Batanga), and Koko (Lokoko, Bakoko: distinct from Bakoko language). Maho (2009) treats these as ten distinct languages.

Phonology

Consonants

BilabialLabio-
dental
AlveolarPost-alv./
Palatal
VelarLabial-
velar
plainlab.
Nasalmnɲŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelessptt͡ʃkk͡p
voicedbdd͡ʒɡʷ
prenasalᵐbⁿdᶮd͡ʒᵑɡᵑɡʷᵑᵐɡ͡b
Fricativevoicelessɸfs
voiced/pren.βᶬf, ᶬv
prenasalⁿf, ⁿv
Liquidl ~ r
Approximantjw

Vowels

FrontCentralBack
Closeiu
Close-mideo
Open-midɛɔ
Opena

Writing system

a
b c ɗ eɛ f i j kkp m mb n ndng ngb nj ny ŋo ɔ s t uw y

Notes and References

  1. Book: Friesen, Dan T. . Oroko orthography development: Linguistic and sociolinguistic factors . University of North Dakota . 2002.