Barawana language explained

Barawana
Also Known As:Baré
Nativename:Mitua
States:Venezuela, Brazil
Speakers:240
Date:2011
Ref:e18
Familycolor:American
Fam1:Arawakan
Fam2:Northern
Fam3:Upper Amazon
Fam4:Central (Orinoco)
Iso3:bae
Linglist:qth
Lingname:(Guiano)
Linglist2:qqd
Lingname2:(Marawá)
Glotto:bare1276
Glottoname:Baré
Glotto2:guin1258
Glottoname2:Guinau
Glotto3:mara1409
Glottoname3:Maragua

Barawana (Baré) is an Arawakan language of Venezuela and Brazil, where it is nearly extinct. It was spoken by the Baré people. Aikhenvald (1999) reports "just a few old speakers left" of Baré proper, and that the Guinau variety was extinct. Kaufman (1994) considers Baré proper, Guinau, and Marawá (currently extinct) to be distinct languages; Aikhenvald, dialects of a single languages. (Marawá is not the same language as Marawán.)

Baré is a generic name for a number of Arawakan languages in the area, including Mandahuaca, Guarequena, Baniwa, and Piapoco. Barawana is the language given this name in Kaufman, Aikhenvald, and Ethnologue. It is also known as Ibini (a typo for Ihini ~ Arihini?) and Mitua.

Phonology

Vowels

Vowels can come in three forms; oral, nasal, and voiceless:

FrontCentralBack
Closepronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/pronounced as /link/
Midpronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/
Openpronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/

Consonants

LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Plosive/
Affricate
voicelesspronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
aspiratedpronounced as /pʰ/pronounced as /tʰ/pronounced as /t͡ʃʰ/pronounced as /kʰ/
voicedpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Fricativepronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
Flappronounced as /ink/
Sonorantvoicelesspronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/
voicedpronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/pronounced as /ink/

Notes and References

  1. Cunha de Oliveira . Christiane . Uma descrição do Baré (Arawak): Aspectos fonológicos e gramaticais . A description of Bare (Arawak): phonological and grammatical aspects . pt . Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina . 1993 . Master's . 2024-01-02 . 2024-05-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240526095152/https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/157788 . live .