The International Six Days Enduro (ISDE), formerly known as the International Six Days Trial (ISDT), is the oldest 'off-road' motorcycle event on the FIM Calendar.
The ISDT was first held in 1913 at Carlisle, England. It has occurred annually, apart from interruptions due to World War I and World War II, at various locations throughout the world. The early events were a true test of machine, rider skill and reliability. Held on the 'roads' of that era, today most of the routes are truly 'off-road'. Originally titled the International Six Days Trial, in 1981 the FIM decided to update the name to International Six Days Enduro, the name Enduro having been devised by the Americans and popularised by many motorcycle manufacturers also greater reflected the change in the event from a trial to more akin to a rally featuring skills more associated with cross country motocross.
The sport has been associated with many great motorcyclists before its 100th anniversary in 2013; this also includes women such as 1920s-30s star Marjorie Cottle. Up until 1973 the contest was always held in Europe. In 1973 it went outside continent for the first time, to the United States. Since then it has been outside Europe more frequently: twice in Australia (1992 and 1998), once more in the United States (1994), Brazil (2003), New Zealand in 2006, Chile in 2007 and 2018, and Mexico in 2010. The 2014 event was held from the 3 to 8 of November in San Juan, Argentina.[1]
The event has attracted national teams from as many as 32 countries in recent years. Over its long history the rules and conditions have changed to keep in step with the developments in the sport, but it remains a supreme test of rider and machine. Over the six days and upwards of 1250 miles a rider must contend with strict rules about time allowances and restrictions on mechanical replacements, carrying out his or her own motorcycle repairs. The ISDE can attract entries of more than 500 riders, together with thousands of support crew and spectators. This has a major impact on tourist income for the venue in which it is based each year. For 2013, the 100th anniversary of the holding of the first ISDT, the FIM announced that there were a record number of pre-entry requests of 820 covering 35 nations from across the Globe with 600 entries being allowed to compete.[2]
Usually referred to as the 'Olympics of Motorcycling' with trophies for best four-rider national, three-rider junior national, three-rider women's national, three-rider club national and three-rider manufacturing teams. Gold, silver and bronze medals are awarded on an individual level. The medals are typically awarded based on percentage of finishers, or relative to the best individual performance in the event within their specific class. Individual gold medals go to participants who finish within 10% of their class' top competitor's total elapsed time, silver medals are awarded for those who finish within 25%, and bronze medals are awarded to any rider who finishes all six days within their time allowance.
Most recently the ISDE has been embroiled in controversy. During the 2015 event held in Slovakia, the Australian team were leading the overall Men's World Trophy team classification on day 3. During this day, three of France's six competitors were disqualified from the event by the multinational ISDE committee for not completing the required course. Australia then rode the following days to manage their lead against second place Italy, until day 5 when the French team were reinstated into the event by the French-founded Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme without any penalty, despite having not completed the assigned course. This put the French team into the lead and with only one short day of riding to go the Australian team was unable to cut the French lead down enough during the final day. The FIM ultimately gave the victory to France in highly controversial circumstances. Australia protested by walking off the podium and lodged a protest against the result due to the uncertainty of winning the ISDE actually requires riding the course.
However, on 2 November of that year, the FIM International Disciplinary Court (CDI) rejected the appeals lodged by the Fédération Française de Motocyclisme (FFM), the Real Federación de Motociclimo (RFME) and the Auto-Cycle Union (ACU) therefore, the decision made by the ISDE committee to disqualify the eight riders for missing a routine check was upheld[3] meaning three of the French World Trophy team were disqualified resulting in team being reclassified to 23rd with Australia officially awarded as winner of the 2015 World Trophy title.
Hollywood actor Steve McQueen and his friends Bud Ekins, Dave Ekins, Cliff Coleman and John Steen represented United States at the 1964 ISDT held in East Germany.[4] This would be the first United States team ever, organized by John Penton.
| Edition | Year | Location | International Trophy | Silver Vase | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1913 | Carlisle, United Kingdom | W. B. Gibb | Not awarded | |
| ND. | 1914 | Grenoble, France | - | - | The Second edition was abandoned as a result of the outbreak of World War I.[5] |
| 2. | 1920 | Grenoble, France | J. Morand | Not awarded | |
| 3. | 1921 | Geneva, Switzerland | J. Morand | Not awarded | |
| 4. | 1922 | Geneva, Switzerland | J. Morand | not awarded | |
| 5. | 1923 | Stockholm, Sweden | Gustav Göthe | Not awarded | |
| 6. | 1924 | Chaudfontaine, Belgium | G. S. Arter | C. Vaumund | Silver Vase Award introduced. |
| 7. | 1925 | Southampton, United Kingdom | Bert Kershaw | Bert Kershaw | |
| 8. | 1926 | Buxton, United Kingdom | Graham Walker | Graham Walker | This was the first year a Ladies only team entered in the Vase contest and they were 3rd. |
| 9. | 1927 | Ambleside, United Kingdom | L. Crisp | Marjorie Cottle | This is the only year the Silver Vase award was won by a Women's team |
| 10. | 1928 | Harrogate, United Kingdom | V. C. King | L. Crisp | |
| 11. | 1929 | Munich, Germany - Geneva, Switzerland | G. R. Butcher | L. A. Welch | |
| 12. | 1930 | Grenoble, France | Rosolino Grana | A. Sourdot | |
| 13. | 1931 | Merano, Italy | Rosolino Grana | D. H. Eysink | |
| 14. | 1932 | Merano, Italy | Albert E. Perrigo | Graham Walker | |
| 15. | 1933 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Ernst Jakob Henne | Vic Brittain | |
| 16. | 1934 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Ernst Jakob Henne | F.E. Thacker | |
| 17. | 1935 | Oberstdorf, Germany | Ernst Jakob Henne | Arthur Geiss | |
| 18. | 1936 | Freudenstadt, Germany | Vic Brittain | R. MacGregor | |
| 19. | 1937 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Vic Brittain | A.P. van Hammersveld | |
| 20. | 1938 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | George Rowley | Georg Meier | |
| 21. | 1939 | Salzburg, Austria | - | - | |
| 22. | 1947 | Zlín, Czechoslovakia | Jaroslav Simandl | Čeněk Kohlíček | |
| 23. | 1948 | San Remo, Italy | A. Jefferies | P.H. Alves | |
| 24. | 1949 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | P.H. Alves | Emanuel Marha | |
| 25. | 1950 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Frederick Maurice Rist | D.S. Evans | |
| 26. | 1951 | Varese, Italy | Frederick Maurice Rist | P. Haaker | |
| 27. | 1952 | Bad Aussee, Austria | Čeněk Kohlíček | František Bláha | |
| 28. | 1953 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia | Johnny Brittain | František Bláha | |
| 29. | 1954 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Bohuslav Roučka | S. Schram | |
| 30. | 1955 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia | Johann Abt | Stanislav Štástka | |
| 31. | 1956 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Miloslav Souček | J.S. van Hoek | |
| 32. | 1957 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia | Lorenz Specht | Vladimír Štěpán | |
| 33. | 1958 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Vladimír Šedina | Stanislav Štástka | |
| 34. | 1959 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia | Vladimír Šedina | Vladimír Štěpán | |
| 35. | 1960 | Bad Aussee, Austria | Karl Heinz Behrendt | Luigi Gorini | |
| 36. | 1961 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Günter Dotterweich | František Bouška | |
| 37 | 1962 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | František Bouška | Horst Rothermund | |
| 38. | 1963 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia | Günter Baumann | Luigi Gorini | |
| 39. | 1964 | Erfurt, East Germany | Günter Baumann | Gottfried Pohlan | |
| 40. | 1965 | Isle of Man | Peter Uhlig | Günter Baumann | |
| 41. | 1966 | Villingsberg, Sweden | Peter Uhlig | Norbert Gabler | |
| 42. | 1967 | Zakopane, Poland | Peter Uhlig | Arnošt Zemen | |
| 43. | 1968 | San Pellegrino Terme, Italy | Andreas Brandl | Demetrio Bonini | |
| 44. | 1969 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Peter Uhlig | Helmut Beranek | |
| 45. | 1970 | El Escorial, Spain | Josef Fojtík | Josef Císař | |
| 46. | 1971 | Isle of Man | František Mrázek | Josef Císar | |
| 47. | 1972 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia | Jaroslav Bříza | Pavel Cihelka | |
| 48. | 1973 | Dalton, USA | Josef Fojtík | Dick Burleson | |
| 49. | 1974 | Camerino, Italy | Josef Fojtík | Josef Rabas | |
| 50. | 1975 | Isle of Man | Josef Wolfgruber | Gualtiero Brissoni | |
| 51. | 1976 | Zeltweg, Austria | Josef Wolfgruber | Milan Jedlička | |
| 52. | 1977 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | František Mrázek | Pavel Cihelka | |
| 53. | 1978 | Värnamo, Sweden | František Mrázek | Luigi Medardo | |
| 54. | 1979 | Neunkirchen, West Germany | Elia Andrioletti | Josef Kauler | |
| 55. | 1980 | Brioude, France | Guglielmo Andreini | Arnulf Teuchert |
| Edition | Year | Location | World Trophy | Junior Trophy | Women's Trophy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56. | 1981 | Isola d'Elba, Italy | Gualtiero Brissoni | Cesare Bernardi | Not awarded | |
| 57. | 1982 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | Jiří Císař | Horst Geißenhöner | Not awarded | |
| 58. | 1983 | Wales, United Kingdom | Peter Jansson | - Won | Not awarded | |
| 59. | 1984 | Assen, Netherlands | Dinand Zijlstra | - Won | Not awarded | |
| 60. | 1985 | La Molina, Spain | Peter Jansson | Andreas Cyffka | Not awarded | |
| 61. | 1986 | San Pellegrino Terme, Italy | Angelo Signorelli | Paolo Fellegara | Not awarded | |
| 62. | 1987 | Jelenia Góra, Poland | Jens Thalmann | Mike Heydenreich | Not awarded | |
| 63. | 1988 | Mende, France | Thierry Charbonnier | Luca Trussardi | Not awarded | |
| 64. | 1989 | Walldürn, Germany | Gianmarco Rossi | Kari Tiainen | Not awarded | |
| 65. | 1990 | Västerås, Sweden | Jeff Nilsson | Robert Grönlund | Not awarded | |
| 66. | 1991 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | Jeff Nilsson | Steve Hatch | Not awarded | |
| 67. | 1992 | Cessnock, Australia | Paolo Fellegara | Anders Eriksson | Not awarded | |
| 68. | 1993 | Assen, Netherlands | Marek Dabrowski | Peter Lenselink | Not awarded | |
| 69. | 1994 | Tulsa, United States | Maurizio Carminati | Rickard Larsson | Not awarded | |
| 70. | 1995 | Jelenia Góra, Poland | Gianmarco Rossi | Shawn Reed | Not awarded | |
| 71. | 1996 | Hämeenlinna, Finland | Kari Tiainen | Tuomas Ahonen | Not awarded | |
| 72. | 1997 | Brescia, Italy | Fausto Scovolo | Pablo Peli | Not awarded | |
| 73. | 1998 | Traralgon, Australia | Juha Salminen | Xavier Pons | Not awarded | |
| 74. | 1999 | Coimbra, Portugal | Samuli Aro | Arnau Vilanova | Not awarded | |
| 75. | 2000 | Granada, Spain | Fausto Scovolo | Xavier Pons | Not awarded | |
| 76. | 2001 | Brive la Gaillarde, France | Marc Germain | Simone Albergoni | Not awarded | |
| 77. | 2002 | Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic | Mika Ahola | Julien Dubac | Not awarded | |
| 78. | 2003 | Fortaleza, Brazil | Juha Salminen | Damien Miquel | Not awarded | |
| 79. | 2004 | Kielce, Poland | Petteri Silván | Valtteri Salonen | Not awarded | |
| 80. | 2005 | Považská Bystrica, Slovakia | Alessandro Botturi | Andrea Beconi | Not awarded | |
| 81. | 2006 | Taupō, New Zealand | Juha Salminen | Kurt Caselli | Not awarded | |
| 82. | 2007 | La Serena, Chile | Alessandro Belometti | Cristóbal Guerrero | Nicole Bradford | |
| 83. | 2008 | Serres, Greece | Julien Gauthier | Thomas Oldrati | Ludivine Puy | |
| 84. | 2009 | Figueira da Foz, Portugal | Julien Gauthier | Victor Guerrero | Ludivine Puy | |
| 85. | 2010 | Morelia, Mexico | Johnny Aubert | Victor Guerrero | Ludivine Puy | |
| 86. | 2011 | Kotka, Finland | Eero Remes | Alexandre Queyreyre | Ludivine Puy | |
| 87. | 2012 | Saxony, Germany | Antoine Meo | Jeremy Joly | Blandine Dufrene | |
| 88. | 2013 | Sardinia, Italy | Pierre-Alexandre Renet | Swann Servajean | Jess Gardiner | |
| 89. | 2014 | San Juan, Argentina | Marc Bourgeois Christophe Nambotin Pierre-Alexandre Renet Jeremy Tarroux Anthony Boissiere Fabien Planet | Grant Baylor |
Tayla Jones Jemma Wilson | |
| 90. | 2015 | Košice, Slovakia | Joshua Green Daniel Milner Matthew Phillips Beau Ralston Lachlan Stanford Glen Kearney | Broc Grabham Tom Mason Daniel Sanders Tye Simmonds |
Tayla Jones Jemma Wilson | |
| 91. | 2016 | Navarre, Spain | Kailub Russell Taylor Robert Thad Duvall Layne Michael | Micke Persson Albin Elowson Jesper Börjesson |
Tayla Jones Jemma Wilson | |
| 92. | 2017 | Brive-la-Gaillarde, France | Jérémy Tarroux Loïc Larrieux Christophe Nambotin Christophe Charlier | Jérémy Miroir Hugo Blanjoue Anthony Geslin |
Tayla Jones Jemma Wilson | |
| 93. | 2018 | Vina Del Mar, Chile | Daniel Milner Daniel Sanders Lyndon Snodgrass Joshua Strang | Andrea Verona Matteo Cavallo Davide Soreca |
Tayla Jones Machenzie Tricker | |
| 94. | 2019 | Portimão, Portugal | Stu Baylor Taylor Robert Kailub Russell Ryan Sipes | Michael Driscoll Fraser Higlett Lyndon Snodgrass | Tarah Gieger Brandy Richards Rebecca Sheets | |
| ND. | 2020 | Lombardy - Piedmont, Italy | NO EVENT DUE TO COVID PANDEMIC | |||
| 95. | 2021 | Lombardy - Piedmont, Italy | Andrea Verona Davide Guarneri Thomas Oldrati Matteo Cavallo | Lorenzo Macoritto Manolo Morettini Matteo Pavoni | Brandy Richards Rachel Gutish Britney Gallegos | |
| 96. | 2022[6] | Le-Puy-en-Velay, France |
Nathan Watson Jed Etchells Jamie McCanney | Morgan Lesiardo Enrico Rinaldi Claudio Spanu | Jane Daniels Rosie Rowett Nieve Holmes | |
| 97. | 2023 | San Juan, Argentina | Taylor Robert Johnny Girror Dante Oliviera Cole Martinez | Thibaut Giraudon Alix Antoine Joyon Leo | Brandy Richards Korrie Steede Rachel Gutish | |
See main article: world championships.