IRX2 explained

Iroquois-class homeodomain protein IRX-2, also known as Iroquois homeobox protein 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRX2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

IRX2 is a member of the Iroquois homeobox gene family. Members of this family appear to play multiple roles during pattern formation of vertebrate embryos.^[1]

Cancer

IRX2 gene has been observed progressively downregulated in Human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy. ^[3] For this reason, IRX2 is likely to be associated with tumorigenesis and may be a potential prognostic marker for uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions progression. ^[4]

Further reading

• Lam CY, Tam PO, Fan DS, etal . A genome-wide scan maps a novel high myopia locus to 5p15 . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. . 49 . 9 . 3768–78 . 2008 . 18421076 . 10.1167/iovs.07-1126 . free .
• Cirulli ET, Kasperavičiūtė D, Attix DK, etal . Common genetic variation and performance on standardized cognitive tests . European Journal of Human Genetics . 18. 7. 815–20 . 2010 . 20125193 . 2987367 . 10.1038/ejhg.2010.2 .
• Adamowicz M, Radlwimmer B, Rieker RJ, etal . Frequent amplifications and abundant expression of TRIO, NKD2, and IRX2 in soft tissue sarcomas . Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 45 . 9 . 829–38 . 2006 . 16752383 . 10.1002/gcc.20343 . 24491021 .
• Matsumoto K, Nishihara S, Kamimura M, etal . The prepattern transcription factor Irx2, a target of the FGF8/MAP kinase cascade, is involved in cerebellum formation . Nat. Neurosci. . 7 . 6 . 605–12 . 2004 . 15133517 . 10.1038/nn1249 . 23807922 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1996 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Lewis MT, Ross S, Strickland PA, etal . Regulated expression patterns of IRX-2, an Iroquois-class homeobox gene, in the human breast . Cell Tissue Res. . 296 . 3 . 549–54 . 1999 . 10370142 . 10.1007/s004410051316 . 37046813 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 139241 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: iroquois homeobox 2.
2. Ogura K, Matsumoto K, Kuroiwa A, Isobe T, Otoguro T, Jurecic V, Baldini A, Matsuda Y, Ogura T . Cloning and chromosome mapping of human and chicken Iroquois (IRX) genes . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 92 . 3–4 . 320–5 . 2001 . 11435706 . 10.1159/000056921. 46509502 .
3. Rotondo JC, Bosi S, Bassi C, Ferracin M, Lanza G, Gafà R, Magri E, Selvatici R, Torresani S, Marci R, Garutti P, Negrini M, Tognon M, Martini F . Gene expression changes in progression of cervical neoplasia revealed by microarray analysis of cervical neoplastic keratinocytes. . J Cell Physiol . 230. 4 . 802–812 . April 2015 . 25205602 . 10.1002/jcp.24808. 11392/2066612 . 24986454 . free .
4. Rotondo JC, Bosi S, Bassi C, Ferracin M, Lanza G, Gafà R, Magri E, Selvatici R, Torresani S, Marci R, Garutti P, Negrini M, Tognon M, Martini F . Gene expression changes in progression of cervical neoplasia revealed by microarray analysis of cervical neoplastic keratinocytes. . J Cell Physiol . 230. 4 . 802–812 . April 2015 . 25205602 . 10.1002/jcp.24808. 11392/2066612 . 24986454 . free .