ILF2 explained

Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ILF2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor required for T-cell expression of the interleukin 2 gene. NFAT binds to a sequence in the interleukin 2 gene enhancer known as the antigen receptor response element 2. In addition, NFAT can bind RNA and is an essential component for encapsidation and protein priming of hepatitis B viral polymerase. NFAT is a heterodimer of 45 kDa and 90 kDa proteins, the smaller of which is the product of this gene. The encoded protein binds strongly to the 90 kDa protein and stimulates its ability to enhance gene expression.

Interactions

ILF2 has been shown to interact with CDC5L^[3] and DNA-PKcs.^[4]

ILF2 and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus,^{[5] [6]} in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease,^{[7] [8]} and as a rare finding in humans with autoimmune disease.^[9]

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . January 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Marcoulatos P, Koussidis G, Mamuris Z, Velissariou V, Vamvakopoulos NC . Mapping interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 gene (ILF2) to human chromosome 1 (1q11-qter and 1p11-p12) by polymerase chain reaction amplification of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid DNA templates . Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research . 16 . 12 . 1035–8 . December 1996 . 8974006 . 10.1089/jir.1996.16.1035 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . October 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP . DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 4 . 2136–45 . January 1998 . 9442054 . 10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136 . free . 10.1.1.615.1747 .
• Langland JO, Kao PN, Jacobs BL . Nuclear factor-90 of activated T-cells: A double-stranded RNA-binding protein and substrate for the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR . Biochemistry . 38 . 19 . 6361–8 . May 1999 . 10320367 . 10.1021/bi982410u .
• Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH . Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 49 . 34598–604 . December 1999 . 10574923 . 10.1074/jbc.274.49.34598 . free .
• Ajuh P, Kuster B, Panov K, Zomerdijk JC, Mann M, Lamond AI . Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry . The EMBO Journal . 19 . 23 . 6569–81 . December 2000 . 11101529 . 305846 . 10.1093/emboj/19.23.6569 .
• Parker LM, Fierro-Monti I, Mathews MB . Nuclear factor 90 is a substrate and regulator of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 35 . 32522–30 . August 2001 . 11438540 . 10.1074/jbc.M104408200 . free .
• Reichman TW, Muñiz LC, Mathews MB . The RNA binding protein nuclear factor 90 functions as both a positive and negative regulator of gene expression in mammalian cells . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 . 1 . 343–56 . January 2002 . 11739746 . 134226 . 10.1128/MCB.22.1.343-356.2002 .
• Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, Leung AK, Lam YW, Steen H, Mann M, Lamond AI . Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus . Current Biology . 12 . 1 . 1–11 . January 2002 . 11790298 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9 . 14132033 . free . 2002CBio...12....1A .
• Shin HJ, Kim SS, Cho YH, Lee SG, Rho HM . Host cell proteins binding to the encapsidation signal epsilon in hepatitis B virus RNA . Archives of Virology . 147 . 3 . 471–91 . March 2002 . 11958450 . 10.1007/s007050200001 . 23653290 . free .
• Scherl A, Couté Y, Déon C, Callé A, Kindbeiter K, Sanchez JC, Greco A, Hochstrasser D, Diaz JJ . Functional proteomic analysis of human nucleolus . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 13 . 11 . 4100–9 . November 2002 . 12429849 . 133617 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-05-0271 .
• Li J, Hawkins IC, Harvey CD, Jennings JL, Link AJ, Patton JG . Regulation of alternative splicing by SRrp86 and its interacting proteins . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 23 . 21 . 7437–47 . November 2003 . 14559993 . 207616 . 10.1128/MCB.23.21.7437-7447.2003 .
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M . Nucleolar proteome dynamics . Nature . 433 . 7021 . 77–83 . January 2005 . 15635413 . 10.1038/nature03207 . 2005Natur.433...77A . 4344740 .
• Zhao G, Shi L, Qiu D, Hu H, Kao PN . NF45/ILF2 tissue expression, promoter analysis, and interleukin-2 transactivating function . Experimental Cell Research . 305 . 2 . 312–23 . May 2005 . 15817156 . 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.12.030 .
• Nie Y, Ding L, Kao PN, Braun R, Yang JH . ADAR1 interacts with NF90 through double-stranded RNA and regulates NF90-mediated gene expression independently of RNA editing . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 25 . 16 . 6956–63 . August 2005 . 16055709 . 1190226 . 10.1128/MCB.25.16.6956-6963.2005 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . October 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 . Huda Zoghbi .

External links

• • PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Mouse Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2 (ILF2)

Notes and References

1. Kao PN, Chen L, Brock G, Ng J, Kenny J, Smith AJ, Corthésy B . Cloning and expression of cyclosporin A- and FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T-cells: NF45 and NF90 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 32 . 20691–9 . August 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32048-3 . 7519613 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ILF2 interleukin enhancer binding factor 2, 45kDa.
3. Ajuh P, Kuster B, Panov K, Zomerdijk JC, Mann M, Lamond AI . Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry . The EMBO Journal . 19 . 23 . 6569–81 . December 2000 . 11101529 . 305846 . 10.1093/emboj/19.23.6569 .
4. Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP . DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 4 . 2136–45 . January 1998 . 9442054 . 10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136 . free . 10.1.1.615.1747 .
5. Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH . Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 49 . 34598–604 . December 1999 . 10574923 . 10.1074/jbc.274.49.34598 . free .
6. Kuroda Y, Ono N, Akaogi J, Nacionales DC, Yamasaki Y, Barker TT, Reeves WH, Satoh M . Induction of lupus-related specific autoantibodies by non-specific inflammation caused by an intraperitoneal injection of n-hexadecane in BALB/c mice . Toxicology . 218 . 2–3 . 186–96 . February 2006 . 16309812 . 10.1016/j.tox.2005.10.011 .
7. Bremer HD, Landegren N, Sjöberg R, Hallgren Å, Renneker S, Lattwein E, Leonard D, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L, Nordmark G, Nilsson P, Andersson G, Lilliehöök I, Lindblad-Toh K, Kämpe O, Hansson-Hamlin H . ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease . Scientific Reports . 8 . 1 . 4852 . March 2018 . 29556082 . 5859008 . 10.1038/s41598-018-23034-w . 2018NatSR...8.4852B .
8. Book: Hanna. Bremer. Canine immune-mediated disease. 2018. Acta Universitatis agriculturae Sueciae. 978-91-7760-166-1. en.
9. Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH . Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 49 . 34598–604 . December 1999 . 10574923 . 10.1074/jbc.274.49.34598 . free .