Interleukin-7 receptor explained
| Interleukin-7 receptor-α |
| Hgncid: | 6024 |
| Symbol: | IL7R |
| Altsymbols: | CD127 |
| Entrezgene: | 3575 |
| Omim: | 146661 |
| Refseq: | NM_002185 |
| Uniprot: | P16871 |
| Chromosome: | 5 |
| Arm: | p |
| Band: | 13 |
| interleukin 2 receptor, gamma |
| Image Source: | Crystallographic structure of IL-2 (center alpha helices) complexed with the common gamma chain (IL2RG; 10 O'Clock to 1 O'Clock), IL2RA (4 O'Clock), and IL2RB (7 O'Clock to 9 O'Clock). Each protein is individually rainbow colored (N-terminus = blue, C-terminus = red).[1] |
| Hgncid: | 6010 |
| Symbol: | IL2RG |
| Altsymbols: | SCIDX1, IMD4, CD132 |
| Entrezgene: | 3561 |
| Omim: | 308380 |
| Refseq: | NM_000206 |
| Uniprot: | P31785 |
| Chromosome: | X |
| Arm: | q |
| Band: | 13 |
The interleukin-7 receptor is a protein found on the surface of cells. It is made up of two different smaller protein chains - i.e. it is a heterodimer, and consists of two subunits, interleukin-7 receptor-α (CD127) and common-γ chain receptor (CD132).[2] [3] The common-γ chain receptors is shared with various cytokines, including interleukin-2, -4, -9, and -15.[4] Interleukin-7 receptor is expressed on various cell types, including naive and memory T cells and many others.
Function
Interleukin-7 receptor has been shown to play a critical role in the development of immune cells called lymphocytes - specifically in a process known as V(D)J recombination. This protein is also found to control the accessibility of a region of the genome that contains the T-cell receptor gamma gene, by STAT5 and histone acetylation . Knockout studies in mice suggest that blocking apoptosis is an essential function of this protein during differentiation and activation of T lymphocytes. Functional defects in this protein may be associated with the pathogenesis of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).[5]
Diseases
Several diseases are associated with Interleukin-7 receptor including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia,[6] multiple sclerosis,[7] rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.[8]
See also
Notes and References
- Wang X, Rickert M, Garcia KC . Structure of the quaternary complex of interleukin-2 with its alpha, beta, and gammac receptors . Science . 310 . 5751 . 1159–63 . November 2005 . 16293754 . 10.1126/science.1117893 . 2005Sci...310.1159W . 85394260 .
- Noguchi M, Nakamura Y, Russell SM, Ziegler SF, Tsang M, Cao X, Leonard WJ . Interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain: a functional component of the interleukin-7 receptor . Science . 262 . 5141 . 1877–80 . December 1993 . 8266077 . 10.1126/science.8266077 . 1993Sci...262.1877N .
- Kroemer RT, Richards WG . Homology modeling study of the human interleukin-7 receptor complex . Protein Eng. . 9 . 12 . 1135–42 . December 1996 . 9010926 . 10.1093/protein/9.12.1135 .
- Web site: IL2 family . Guide to Pharmacology. IUPHAR/BPS. 21 August 2015.
- Web site: Entrez Gene: IL7R interleukin 7 receptor.
- Zenatti PP, Ribeiro D, Li W, Zuurbier L, Silva MC, Paganin M, Tritapoe J, Hixon JA, Silveira AB, Cardoso BA, Sarmento LM, Correia N, Toribio ML, Kobarg J, Horstmann M, Pieters R, Brandalise SR, Ferrando AA, Meijerink JP, Durum SK, Yunes JA, Barata JT . Oncogenic IL7R gain-of-function mutations in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia . Nat. Genet. . 43 . 10 . 932–9 . October 2011 . 21892159 . 10.1038/ng.924 . 7424552 .
- Gregory SG, Schmidt S, Seth P, Oksenberg JR, Hart J, Prokop A, Caillier SJ, Ban M, Goris A, Barcellos LF, Lincoln R, McCauley JL, Sawcer SJ, Compston DA, Dubois B, Hauser SL, Garcia-Blanco MA, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL . Interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain (IL7R) shows allelic and functional association with multiple sclerosis . Nat. Genet. . 39 . 9 . 1083–91 . September 2007 . 17660817 . 10.1038/ng2103 . 16426835 .
- O'Doherty C, Alloza I, Rooney M, Vandenbroeck K . IL7RA polymorphisms and chronic inflammatory arthropathies . Tissue Antigens . 74 . 5 . 429–31 . November 2009 . 19744146 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01342.x .
