IARS explained

Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IARS1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAS, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Isoleucine-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family and has been identified as a target of autoantibodies in the autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Two alternatively spliced variants have been isolated that represent alternate 5' UTRs.

Interactions

IARS has been shown to interact with EPRS.^[3]

Further reading

• Norcum MT . Structural analysis of the high molecular mass aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex. Effects of neutral salts and detergents. . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 23 . 15398–405 . 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98629-1 . 1651330 . free .
• Nichols RC, Raben N, Boerkoel CF, Plotz PH . Human isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase: sequence of the cDNA, alternative mRNA splicing, and the characteristics of an unusually long C-terminal extension. . Gene . 155 . 2 . 299–304 . 1995 . 7721108 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)00634-5 .
• Shiba K, Suzuki N, Shigesada K, etal . Human cytoplasmic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase: selective divergence of the anticodon-binding domain and acquisition of a new structural unit. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 91 . 16 . 7435–9 . 1994 . 8052601 . 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7435 . 44415 . 1994PNAS...91.7435S . free .
• Rho SB, Lee KH, Kim JW, etal . Interaction between human tRNA synthetases involves repeated sequence elements. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 19 . 10128–33 . 1996 . 8816763 . 10.1073/pnas.93.19.10128 . 38348 . 1996PNAS...9310128R . free .
• Degoul F, Brulé H, Cepanec C, etal . Isoleucylation properties of native human mitochondrial tRNAIle and tRNAIle transcripts. Implications for cardiomyopathy-related point mutations (4269, 4317) in the tRNAIle gene. . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 7 . 3 . 347–54 . 1998 . 9466989 . 10.1093/hmg/7.3.347 . free .
• Rho SB, Lee JS, Jeong EJ, etal . A multifunctional repeated motif is present in human bifunctional tRNA synthetase. . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 18 . 11267–73 . 1998 . 9556618 . 10.1074/jbc.273.18.11267 . free .
• Quevillon S, Robinson JC, Berthonneau E, etal . Macromolecular assemblage of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: identification of protein-protein interactions and characterization of a core protein. . J. Mol. Biol. . 285 . 1 . 183–95 . 1999 . 9878398 . 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2316 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, etal . A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway. . Nat. Cell Biol. . 6 . 2 . 97–105 . 2004 . 14743216 . 10.1038/ncb1086 . 11683986 .
• Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, etal . DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. . Nature . 429 . 6990 . 369–74 . 2004 . 15164053 . 10.1038/nature02465 . 2734081 . 2004Natur.429..369H .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, etal . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 .

Notes and References

1. Nichols RC, Blinder J, Pai SI, Ge Q, Targoff IN, Plotz PH, Liu P . Assignment of two human autoantigen genes-isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase locates to 9q21 and lysyl-tRNA synthetase locates to 16q23-q24 . Genomics . 36 . 1 . 210–3 . Feb 1997 . 8812440 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0449 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: IARS1 isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase.
3. 10.1074/jbc.273.18.11267 . Rho . S B . Lee J S . Jeong E J . Kim K S . Kim Y G . Kim S . May 1998 . A multifunctional repeated motif is present in human bifunctional tRNA synthetase . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 18 . 11267–73 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 9556618 . free .