Poliovirus receptor-related 2 explained

Poliovirus receptor-related 2 (PVRL2), also known as nectin-2 and CD112 (formerly herpesvirus entry mediator B, HVEB), is a human plasma membrane glycoprotein.

Function

This gene encodes a single-pass type I membrane glycoprotein with two Ig-like C2-type domains and an Ig-like V-type domain. This protein is one of the plasma membrane components of adherens junctions. It also serves as an entry for certain mutant strains of herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus, and it is involved in cell to cell spreading of these viruses. Variations in this gene have been associated with differences in the severity of multiple sclerosis. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.^[1]

See also

• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• Eberlé F, Dubreuil P, Mattei MG, etal . The human PRR2 gene, related to the human poliovirus receptor gene (PVR), is the true homolog of the murine MPH gene. . Gene . 159 . 2 . 267–72 . 1995 . 7622062 . 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00180-E .
• Warner MS, Geraghty RJ, Martinez WM, etal . A cell surface protein with herpesvirus entry activity (HveB) confers susceptibility to infection by mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, and pseudorabies virus. . Virology . 246 . 1 . 179–89 . 1998 . 9657005 . 10.1006/viro.1998.9218 . free .
• Freistadt MS, Eberle KE . Physical association between CD155 and CD44 in human monocytes. . Mol. Immunol. . 34 . 18 . 1247–57 . 1998 . 9683266 . 10.1016/S0161-5890(98)00003-0 .
• Lopez M, Aoubala M, Jordier F, etal . The human poliovirus receptor related 2 protein is a new hematopoietic/endothelial homophilic adhesion molecule. . Blood . 92 . 12 . 4602–11 . 1999 . 9845526 . 10.1182/blood.V92.12.4602.
• Shukla D, Rowe CL, Dong Y, etal . The Murine Homolog (Mph) of Human Herpesvirus Entry Protein B (HveB) Mediates Entry of Pseudorabies Virus but Not Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 . J. Virol. . 73 . 5 . 4493–7 . 1999 . 10196354 . 10.1128/JVI.73.5.4493-4497.1999. 104343 .
• Takahashi K, Nakanishi H, Miyahara M, etal . Nectin/PRR: An Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecule Recruited to Cadherin-based Adherens Junctions through Interaction with Afadin, a PDZ Domain–containing Protein . J. Cell Biol. . 145 . 3 . 539–49 . 1999 . 10225955 . 10.1083/jcb.145.3.539 . 2185068 .
• Freitas EM, Zhang WJ, Lalonde JP, etal . Sequencing of 42kb of the APO E-C2 gene cluster reveals a new gene: PEREC1 . DNA Seq. . 9 . 2 . 89–100 . 1999 . 10520737 . 10.3109/10425179809086433 .
• Lopez M, Cocchi F, Menotti L, etal . Nectin2α (PRR2α or HveB) and Nectin2δ Are Low-Efficiency Mediators for Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus Mutants Carrying the Leu25Pro Substitution in Glycoprotein D . J. Virol. . 74 . 3 . 1267–74 . 2000 . 10627537 . 10.1128/JVI.74.3.1267-1274.2000 . 111461 .
• Cocchi F, Menotti L, Dubreuil P, etal . Cell-to-Cell Spread of Wild-Type Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1, but Not of Syncytial Strains, Is Mediated by the Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors That Mediate Virion Entry, Nectin1 (PRR1/HveC/HIgR) and Nectin2 (PRR2/HveB) . J. Virol. . 74 . 8 . 3909–17 . 2000 . 10729168 . 10.1128/JVI.74.8.3909-3917.2000 . 111902 .
• Bouchard MJ, Dong Y, McDermott BM, etal . Defects in Nuclear and Cytoskeletal Morphology and Mitochondrial Localization in Spermatozoa of Mice Lacking Nectin-2, a Component of Cell-Cell Adherens Junctions . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 20 . 8 . 2865–73 . 2000 . 10733589 . 10.1128/MCB.20.8.2865-2873.2000 . 85510 .
• Martinez WM, Spear PG . Structural Features of Nectin-2 (HveB) Required for Herpes Simplex Virus Entry . J. Virol. . 75 . 22 . 11185–95 . 2001 . 11602758 . 10.1128/JVI.75.22.11185-11195.2001 . 114698 .
• Freitas EM, Phan TC, Herbison CE, etal . The poliovirus receptor related 2 (PRR2) and apolipoprotein E genes and coronary heart disease . Journal of Cardiovascular Risk . 9 . 1 . 59–65 . 2002 . 11984219 . 10.1097/00043798-200202000-00009 .
• Fabre S, Reymond N, Cocchi F, etal . Prominent role of the Ig-like V domain in trans-interactions of nectins. Nectin3 and nectin 4 bind to the predicted C-C'-C"-D beta-strands of the nectin1 V domain . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 30 . 27006–13 . 2002 . 12011057 . 10.1074/jbc.M203228200 . free .
• Struyf F, Martinez WM, Spear PG . Mutations in the N-Terminal Domains of Nectin-1 and Nectin-2 Reveal Differences in Requirements for Entry of Various Alphaherpesviruses and for Nectin-Nectin Interactions . J. Virol. . 76 . 24 . 12940–50 . 2002 . 12438620 . 10.1128/JVI.76.24.12940-12950.2002 . 136698 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Bottino C, Castriconi R, Pende D, etal . Identification of PVR (CD155) and Nectin-2 (CD112) as Cell Surface Ligands for the Human DNAM-1 (CD226) Activating Molecule . J. Exp. Med. . 198 . 4 . 557–67 . 2003 . 12913096 . 10.1084/jem.20030788 . 2194180 .
• Zago A, Spear PG . Differences in the N Termini of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and 2 gDs That Influence Functional Interactions with the Human Entry Receptor Nectin-2 and an Entry Receptor Expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells . J. Virol. . 77 . 17 . 9695–9 . 2003 . 12915581 . 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9695-9699.2003 . 187405 .
• Tahara-Hanaoka S, Shibuya K, Onoda Y, etal . Functional characterization of DNAM-1 (CD226) interaction with its ligands PVR (CD155) and nectin-2 (PRR-2/CD112) . Int. Immunol. . 16 . 4 . 533–8 . 2005 . 15039383 . 10.1093/intimm/dxh059 . free . 2241/102014 . free .
• Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, etal . Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation . Nat. Biotechnol. . 22 . 6 . 707–16 . 2005 . 15146197 . 10.1038/nbt971 . 27764390 .
• Rosche B, Cepok S, Stei S, etal . The role of the polio virus receptor and the herpesvirus entry mediator B genes for the development of MS . J. Neuroimmunol. . 156 . 1–2 . 171–7 . 2004 . 15465608 . 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.07.001 . 39448365 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: PVRL2 poliovirus receptor-related 2 (herpesvirus entry mediator B).