| Hurupaki Mountain | |
| Map Alt: | map |
| Elevation M: | 349 |
| Type: | Volcano |
| Geology: | Basalt, intra-plate monogenetic |
| Volcanic Field: | Whangārei volcanic field |
Hurupaki Mountain is in Kamo, Whangārei, New Zealand. The centre of Hurupaki Mountain lies between Three Mile Bush Road and Dip Road, approximately 1.5 kilometres west of Kamo township. Hurupaki Mountain is visible from State Highway 1.
Hurupaki Mountain is a high scoria cone whose associated basalt lava has been dated at 310,000 years old.[1] It is part of the Puhipuhi-Whangarei volcanic field. This volcanic area is similar to the Auckland volcanic field in that it has formed over a type of hot spot in the mantle, i.e. not at a current plate boundary.
The Whangārei field is older than the Auckland field, and Hurupaki is probably one of the younger centres. There is another basaltic field in Northland, the Kaikohe-Bay of Islands volcanic field, which also has some young scoria cones and lava flows. Both of these Northland fields are older than the Auckland field.
Hurupaki Mountain is a steep sided, partly bush-covered scoria cone. It is 1–2 km in diameter and high[2], and has been extensively quarried on the west side. One quarry exposes an eruption sequence showing that magma variation occurred during eruption. The east side shows an excellent example of a young scoria cone. A multivented cone forms a smaller knoll approximately to the east, less than 150 metres higher than surrounding land, on which a few houses stand adjacent to the Onoke Scenic Reserve. This is the easternmost cone of a group of three centres: (east to west) Hurupaki, Rawhitiroa (height 292m (958feet)) and Ngararatunua (height 326m (1,070feet)).[2]
Hurupaki is a Māori word and means to cover with a cloak. Hurupaki Mountain was once a large Māori pa with a considerable number of pits and terraces. When occupied, the pa would have been clear of trees. The slopes of the hill were terraced to provide flat areas on which to build houses, construct storage pits and as general living areas.
The pa has about 70 pits on it; most of these were probably used as underground storage for kumara and berries, grown on the slopes of the hill. Some of the shallow pits and terraces would have had whares built on them.
The Maori chief, Pohe, had his pa on the mountain, and was chief of most of the area within the Whangarei district, as so claimed by his descendants. He was the right-hand man of Hone Heke, and was trusted by Heke to fulfil his role as guardian of the Whangarei Harbour and Kamo West area, known as Nga-rara-i-tunua.
Today Hurupaki Mountain is partly farmed (cows and sheep). There is also a small pine tree plantation and the rest is in native bush. There is public access to the top of the mountain, although there is no viewing platform at the top.