Hummay Explained
Hummay (Umme, Houmé or Hume) was the first Muslim mai (king) and founder of the Sayfawa dynasty. He ruled the Kanem–Bornu Empire from either 1085 to 1097 or 1075 to 1086, after 'Abd ul Jalil of the Duguwa dynasty was overthrown.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
The dynasty was to survive until 1846. His rule had important consequences because of the spread of Islam during his reign. This provoked some dissension, causing the toubou to break from the empire and move east. He performed the hajj twice, but died in Egypt during his third voyage, while accompanied by his son and successor Dunama I.[6]
See also
Further reading
- Barkindo, Bawuro, "The early states of the Central Sudan: Kanem, Borno and some of their neighbours to c. 1500 A.D.", in: J. Ajayi und M. Crowder (ed.), History of West Africa, vol. I, 3. ed. Harlow 1985, 225-254.
- Lange, Dierk: "The Chad region as a crossroads", in: M. El Fasi (ed.), General History of Africa, vol. III, UNESCO, London 1988, p. 436-460.
- Palmer, Richmond: The Bornu Sahara and Sudan, London 1936 (English translation of the Dīwān, pp. 89–95).
Notes and References
- Book: Urvoy . Y. . Historie De L'Empire Du Bronu . 1949 . Librairie Larose . Paris . Memoires De L'Institut Francais D'Afrique Noire, No. 7 . 26,35.
- Book: Palmer . Richmond . The Bornu Sahara and Sudan . 1936 . John Murray . London . 91,155-163.
- Book: Barth . Henry . Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa . 1890 . Ward, Lock, and Co. . London . 361 . 10 March 2019.
- Book: General history of Africa, IV: Africa from the twelfth to the sixteenth century . University of California . 1984 . 978-92-3-101710-0 . Niane . Djibril Tamsir . 261 . en . 2024-02-20.
- Lange. Dierk. 2009. The Early Magistrates and Kings of Kanem as Descendants of Assyrian State Builders. Anthropos. 104. 1. 13. 10.5771/0257-9774-2009-1-3 . 40467104 . 0257-9774.
- Book: Page . Willie F. . Davis . R. Hunt . Encyclopedia of African History and Culture . 2005 . Facts On File . 231 . Illustrated, revised.
