Humberto Akʼabal Explained

Humberto Akʼabal
Birth Date:October 31, 1952
Birth Place:Momostenango, Totonicapán, Guatemala
Death Place:Guatemala City, Guatemala
Other Names:Humberto Akʼabʼal, Humberto Akabal
Occupation:Poet

Humberto Akʼabal, also Akʼabʼal or Akabal (31 October 1952 – 28 January 2019), was a Kʼicheʼ Maya poet from Guatemala. Akʼabʼal wrote in his native language of Kʼicheʼ, and then translated his poetry into Spanish. With the translations of his works into numerous languages and international recognition, Akʼabʼal is considered to be "the most renowned Maya Kiʼcheʼ poet"[1] in the world and one of the best known Guatemalan writers in Europe and Latin America.[2]

Early life

Akʼabʼal was born in 1952 in Momostenango, Totonicapán. His formal education ceased at age twelve, when he left school to help financially support his family. He worked in his village as a shepherd and weaver, until leaving to find work in Guatemala City as a street vendor and porter. Despite his grandfather's cautions that “books can make you lose your mind,” Akʼabʼal decided to venture into the world of poetry.[3] His mother actually served as a source of support and influence in this choice, as she "planted in [him] an interest in the word" as a way to "continue [his] elders' tradition."

Career

Translations

Akʼabʼal originally began writing his poetry in Spanish, "because he was 'illiterate' in his own mother tongue,"[1] but eventually started to write in Kʼicheʼ in the 1980s. Despite the fact that his own Spanish translations made his works available to a wider audience, Akʼabʼal was unable to find a publisher interested in printing his Kʼicheʼ work until 1993.

Since gaining popularity, Akʼabʼal's poetry has been translated into many different languages, including French, English, Estonian, Scots, German, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Vietnamese, Hebrew, Hungarian, Arabic, and Italian.

Reception

Many scholars have praised Akʼabʼal's work as an expression of his indigenous tradition. Literary critic Carlos Montemayor said that "Writers like Ak'ab'al… require us to penetrate into that other reality that we do not know, understand that this culture, that this indigenous soul lives and breathes in our own reality at the same time as our time, with the same life as our life, loving and understanding the same continent that we love but do not understand."[4] In describing Ak'bal's work, Spanish poet Antonio Gamoneda wrote: "I remain seriously impressed by Ak'abal's poetry, by its essential simplicity, by the elemental sacredness within which pulsating words reveal deeds, things, and directly natural beings."[5] Chilean historian Miguel Rojas Mix wrote that "Akʼabal sings like the birds, speaks K'iche' Maya, and thinks as we'd wish most men thought."[6]

Awards

Akʼabʼal has been given many awards and honors from around the globe, including:

Akʼabal's book Guardián de la caída de agua (or "Guardian of the Waterfall" in English) was named book of the year by Association of Guatemalan Journalists and in 1993 received their Golden Quetzal award.[8] In 1995 he received an honorary degree from the Department of Humanities of the Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. In 2004 he declined to receive the Guatemala National Prize in Literature because it is named for Miguel Ángel Asturias, whom Akʼabal accused of encouraging racism. He said Asturias' 1923 essay The Social Problem of the Indian, "Offends the indigenous peoples of Guatemala, of which I am part."[9] The young Asturias proposed a program of eugenics —focused on the assimilation of Guatemala's Indians into its mestizo (in local usage “ladino”) population— as a remedy to the ills of the Guatemalan nation, a process he would promote by encouraging European immigration.[10]

Selected works

Personal life

After starting his career as a poet, Akʼabʼal moved back to his village. He lived in Momostenango, where he focused solely on his writing.

Akʼabʼal died in a Guatemala City hospital on 28 January 2019.[12]

Sources

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: The Routledge history of Latin American culture. Salomon, Carlos Manuel, 1967-. 9781138902565. New York, NY. 957608825. 2017.
  2. Web site: Humberto Ak'abal y su legado a la literatura guatemalteca – Prensa Libre. 29 January 2019 .
  3. Book: Elizabeth, Chacón, Gloria. Indigenous cosmolectics : kabʼawil and the making of Maya and Zapotec literatures. 9781469636825. Chapel Hill. 1055160998. 2018-09-28.
  4. Book: Akʼabal, Humberto. Ajkem tzij. 2001. Cholsamaj Fundacion. 9789992256404. es . Escritores como Ak'ab'al . . . nos exigen penetrar en esa otra realidad que desconocemos, entender que esa cultura, que esa alma indígena vive y respire a nuestro propio lado, al mismo tiempo que nuestro tiempo, con las misma vida que nuestra vida, amando y entendiendo el mismo continente que nosotros amamos pero que no entendemos..
  5. Web site: Humberto Ak'Abal: El poeta Maya más conocido en Europa y América . 2017-09-21 . Saviola . Diario del Sureste . Quedo, de la poesía de Ak'abal, seriamente impresionado por su esencial sencillez, por la elementalidad sagrada en que palpitan las palabras que revelan los hechos, las cosas, los seres directamente naturales….. 2020-10-22.
  6. Web site: Humberto Ak'Abal: El poeta Maya más conocido en Europa y América . 2017-09-21 . Saviola . Diario del Sureste . Humberto Ak'abal canta como los pájaros, habla maya k'iché y piensa como desearíamos que pensara la mayoría de los hombres.. 2020-10-22.
  7. Web site: Guggenheim Foundation 2006 Fellows. 2006. John Simon Guggenheim Foundation. https://web.archive.org/web/20081027041319/http://www.gf.org/06fellow.html. October 27, 2008. dead. 2008-11-10.
  8. Web site: Humberto Akʼabal: Biography. Humberto Akʼabal. 2017-11-27.
  9. Web site: In Brief: Poet Rejects Literary Award . Canadian Broadcasting Centre . 2004-01-23 . 2008-11-10.
  10. Webre. Stephen. 2010-03-26. Sociología Guatemalteca: El Problema Social del Indio (review). The Americas. en. 66. 4. 579–580. 10.1353/tam.0.0264. 143775968. 1533-6247. free.
  11. Web site: Humberto Akʼabal - Poet. www.akabal.com. en. 2018-11-11.
  12. News: Fallece el poeta kʼiché Humberto Akʼabal. Gustavo. Montenegro. 28 January 2019. 29 January 2019. Prensa Libre. Spanish.