| Humber Hawk | |
| Manufacturer: | Humber (Rootes Group) |
| Production: | 1945–1967 |
| Assembly: | United Kingdom Port Melbourne, Australia [1] |
| Predecessor: | Hillman 16 (1936-37) six-cylinder;Hillman 14 (1938-40) four-cylinder;Humber 16 (1938-44) six-cylinder |
| Successor: | Chrysler 180 |
The Humber Hawk is a four-cylinder automobile manufactured by British-based maunufacturer Humber Limited from 1945 to 1967.
| Humber Hawk Mk I & II | |
| Production: | 1945–1949 |
| Engine: | 1944 cc Straight-4 side-valve |
| Transmission: | 4-speed manual |
| Length: | 178inches[2] |
| Width: | 69inches |
| Wheelbase: | 114inches |
The Hawk, a re-badged Hillman 14 (1938–1940) was the first Humber car to be launched after World War II. Slightly longer because of the new bootlid superimposed on its fastback tail and narrower having shed its running boards it also managed to be 112lb lighter than the prewar car.[2]
The engine, from the Hillman 14 but uprated almost ten per cent to an output of 56 bhp, was shared with Sunbeam Talbot's 90s. It drove the Hawk's live rear axle through a four-speed gearbox with centrally located floor change.
As with the Hillman the four-door body was mounted on a separate chassis and was of the six-light design (three windows on each side) with a sunshine roof as standard. Suspension was independent at the front using a transverse leaf spring, and at the rear the axle had half-elliptic springs.
The Mark II version of September 1947 was not even a facelift, the main difference being a column gear change with a control ring fitted to the gearbox making it impossible to crash the synchromesh gears. The engine was given a new water jacket, the petrol tank received a breather to prevent air-locks and provision was made for a car-radio and retracting aerial. There was no change to the car's external appearance.[3]
Top speed was around 650NaN0.
| Humber Hawk Mark III-V | |
| Production: | 1948–1954 production 10,040 (III) 6,492 (IV) 14,300 (V) |
| Body Style: | 4-door saloon Limousine (Mk V only) |
| Engine: | 1944 cc Straight-4 side-valve (Mk III) 2267 cc Straight-4 side-valve (Mk IV & V) |
| Transmission: | 4-speed manual |
| Length: | 174inches |
| Width: | 70inches |
| Height: | 64.75inches |
| Wheelbase: | 105.5inches |
When compared with the prewar style body with vestigial running boards the car's weight was reduced by 3 cwt or 336lb and the new flush-sided body gave room for the front bench seat to be 3inches wider. The rear seat was a full 5inches wider. Overall the car was 6inches shorter and NaNinches lower. Despite the lower height the new hypoid back axle allowed more head room in the rear seat.[5]
A 2267 cc Mk IV car tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1951 had a top speed of 71.4mph and could accelerate from 0–60mph in 30.0 seconds. A fuel consumption of 24.2mpgimp was recorded. The test car cost £850, including taxes.[9]
| Humber Hawk Mark VI-VIA | |
| Production: | 1954–1957 production 18,836 (Mk VI) 9614 (MkVIA) |
| Body Style: | 4-door saloon estate |
| Engine: | 2267 cc Straight-4 overhead valve |
| Transmission: | 4-speed manual with optional overdrive |
| Length: | 181inches (saloon) |
| Width: | 72inches |
| Height: | 65inches |
| Weight: | 27.75 cwt or 3108lb |
| Wheelbase: | 105.5inches |
The main change with the Mk VI, which was introduced in June 1954, was the fitting of an overhead-valve cylinder head to the engine. The rear of the body was slightly changed, which made the car longer. In 1955 an estate version with fold-down tailgate appeared.[4]
The April 1956 Mk VIA was a fairly minor upgrade, with changes mainly to the interior. A de-luxe version was added to the range.
A replacement, slightly more powerful and with an entirely new body was announced in May 1957.
A Mk VI estate car with overdrive tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1956 had a top speed of 79.7mph and could accelerate from 0-60mph in 25.2 seconds. A fuel consumption of 22.8mpgimp was recorded. The test car cost £1405, including taxes.[13]
| Humber Hawk Series I-IVA | |
| Production: | 1957–1967 production 15,539 (I) 6813 (IA) 7,230 (II) 6,109 (III) 1,746 (IV) 3,754 (IVA) |
| Body Style: | 4-door saloon Estate car limousine |
| Engine: | 2267 cc Straight-4 ohv |
| Transmission: | 4-speed manual all-synchromesh Overdrive and automatic optional |
| Length: | 185inches |
| Width: | 70inches |
| Height: | 61.5inches |
| Wheelbase: | 110inches |
A new Hawk announced in May 1957[14] had a completely new body with unitary construction which it would go on to share with the 1958 Humber Super Snipe. The new model was, like its predecessors, a large car. For the first time an estate variant was available from the factory - the Hawk estate had the largest unitary bodyshell of any British-built car up to that point, a status it retained until the Jaguar Mark X was launched in 1961. The 2267 cc engine was carried over, though with modifications to the distributor mounting, and other details; and an automatic transmission, the Borg Warner D.G. model, was now available. The body was styled in Rootes' own studios and featured more glass than previous models, with wrap-around front windscreen, which gave it a considerable resemblance to a base model 1955 Chevrolet 4-door sedan. The missing rear quarter-lights were returned in Series IV. The estate version featured a horizontally split tailgate—the lower half opening downwards (to provide an extra length of luggage-platform if necessary) and the upper half upwards. The fuel-filler cap was concealed behind the offside rear reflector.
There were several revisions during the car's life, each resulting in a new Series number.
The 1959 Series 1A had changed gear ratios and minor trim changes.
The Series II launched in October 1960 had disc front brakes, servo-assisted. The automatic option was no longer available on the home market.
The Series III of September 1962 had a larger fuel tank and bigger rear window. The export model automatic option was also dropped.
More significant changes came with the October 1964 Series IV. The roof was made flatter, the rear window smaller and an extra side window fitted behind the rear doors. Synchromesh was fitted to bottom gear. An anti-roll bar was fitted at the rear.[15]
The final Series IVA of 1965 saw the automatic option re-introduced, this time being the Borg Warner Model 35.
A Series I car without overdrive was tested by the British The Motor magazine in 1957 had a top speed of 83.9mph and could accelerate from 0-60mph in 19.7 seconds. A fuel consumption of 22.5mpgimp was recorded. The test car cost £1261, including taxes of £421.[16]
In March 1967 Rootes announced that production of the Humber Hawk, along with that of the Super Snipe and Imperial had ceased.[17] The announcement stated that the cars' place in their range would be filled by Chrysler Valiants imported from Australia.[17]
After Hawk production ended, Rootes came to concentrate on sectors offering greater volume, no longer featuring as a UK provider of large family cars. It had, in particular, been unusual for UK manufactured cars of this size to feature a spacious station wagon / estate car version; and, following the demise of the Humber Hawk, the UK market for large estate cars quickly came to be dominated by the Volvo 145, introduced to the UK in March 1968,[18] and its successors.