Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, Japan received messages of condolence and offers of assistance from a range of international leaders. According to Japan's foreign ministry, 163 countries and regions, and 43 international organizations had offered assistance to Japan as of September 15, 2011.[1] The magnitude of the earthquake was estimated at 9.1.[2] This article is a list of charitable and humanitarian responses to the disaster from governments and non-governmental organizations. As of March 2012, donations to areas affected by the disaster totalled ¥520 billion and 930,000 people have assisted in disaster recovery efforts.[3]
Japan had a history of blocking or slowing foreign rescue teams in case of disaster, most notably the crash of Japan Airlines Flight 123 in 1985 and the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995. This time the Japanese government made swift response to request foreign help.[4] [5]
At 18:00, March 11, 2011, the Foreign Ministry of Japan announced to the public that it had specifically requested eight countries to send teams to help Japan, including South Korea, Singapore, Germany, Switzerland, the United States, China, the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Later, it also requested the activation of the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, allowing diverse satellite imagery of affected regions to be readily shared with rescue and aid organizations.[6]
The Japanese government softened rules for various matters after being subjected to huge criticism in the Great Hanshin earthquake for not being flexible in accepting foreign aid, including quarantining foreign rescue dogs and foreign goods, using medicine unapproved in Japan brought by foreign aid teams, customs tax for humanitarian goods, etc. The effectiveness of the Japanese bureaucracy in handling international aid had been subject to much academic research.[7] [8]
According to the MTI, the Hungarian National Disaster Management sent a rescue team to the area, consisting of eight technical rescue team members and a specialist officer. The team travelled to the disaster site on March 12.[38]
Total corporate donations were US$130,008,543.
Company | Country | Cash donation in US$ | Goods donation | Employee matching donation | Comment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Softbank[197] | align=right | 12,500,000 | Donated phone handsets to tsunami orphans and pay their phone bills until the children turn 18 | ¥1 billion to the Japanese Red Cross | |||
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone[198] | align=right | 12,000,000 | NTT provided its communication services free of charge, safety confirmation information of those affected, and company residences as living space for those impacted by the earthquake. NTT Group is working to gather donations from its customer | ||||
Samsung Group[199] | align=right | 7,700,000 | Clothes and communications equipment | ||||
NCSoft[200] | align=right | 6,300,000 | 1 Month billing revenue | ||||
Mitsubishi Electric[201] | align=right | 6,170,000 | Company products and goods | Matched employee donations | |||
Pak Suzuki Motors[202] | align=right | 244,678 | Company products and goods | Matched employee donations | |||
Goldman Sachs[203] | align=right | 6,100,000 | Matched employee donations, up to $20,000 per donor | Donation to the Japanese Red Cross Society, Peace Winds Japan, Save the Children Japan and Médecins Sans Frontières | |||
JP Morgan[204] | align=right | 5,000,000 | |||||
align=right | 3,700,000 | Radios, flashlights, solar LED lanterns, batteries | Matched employee donations | ||||
align=right | 3,600,000 | Matched employee donations | Additional to the 30,000 radios and flashlights which have a combined total of US$100,000 | ||||
Nintendo[205] | align=right | 3,600,000 | Nintendo Wiis to the children affected | ||||
Suntory[206] | align=right | 3,600,000 | One million 550ml bottles of Suntory Natural Mineral Water (360,000 bottles already shipped on March 12) | ||||
Toyota[207] | align=right | 3,600,000 | Considered further provision of goods and services as needed. Toyota has also (as of 2011) moved all RHD production of the Toyota Aqua at Toyota Motors Tohoku in order to provide economic development for the region in the form of jobs and engineering support professions. | ||||
Hitachi[208] | align=right | 3,600,000 | |||||
Honda[209] | align=right | 3,600,000 | 1,000 generators (gasoline-powered and home-use gas canister-powered), along with 5,000 gas canisters | ||||
Daimler[210] | align=right | 2,840,000 | |||||
Morgan Stanley[211] | align=right | 2,740,000 | Matched employee donations | Morgan Stanley Japan employees contributed US$600,000, matched by the firm. A further US$410,000 has been contributed by Morgan Stanley employees outside Japan. Total employee donations, donation matching and firm contributions have totaled to over US$2,470,000 to the Japanese Red Cross. | |||
Walt Disney Company[212] | align=right | 2,500,000 | Donation to the American Red Cross. | ||||
align=right | 2,400,000 | ||||||
align=right | 2,400,000 | Donation to the British Red Cross | |||||
Citigroup[213] | align=right | 2,400,000 | |||||
Microsoft[214] | align=right | 2,000,000 | In addition to $250,000 in cash as well as in-kind contributions such as software. | ||||
Nestle[215] | align=right | 1,500,000 | Donated 20,000 cases of bottled water, half of which were allocated to area hospitals. | ||||
L'Oréal[216] | align=right | 1,300,000 | Donation to the Japan Red Cross | ||||
Société Générale[217] | align=right | 1,200,000 | Matched employee donations | Donation to the French Red Cross. | |||
align=right | 1,200,000 | ||||||
Bank of America[218] | align=right | 1,200,000 | |||||
Nexon[219] | align=right | 1,200,000 | |||||
Nomura | align=right | 1,200,000 | |||||
Square Enix[220] | align=right | 1,200,000 | |||||
Jefferies & Company[221] | align=right | 1,000,000 | All net equity trading revenue for the entire week from its offices in Asia and all net revenues from US and European equity trading of Wednesday March 16 would be donated | Employees were given the opportunity to donate to the relief effort their salary of Wednesday March 16. | |||
Nike[222] | align=right | 1,000,000 | $250,000 worth of footwear and clothing | ||||
Air Liquide[223] | align=right | 1,000,000 | |||||
FedEx[224] | align=right | 1,000,000 | Transportation and logistics supplied to support relief work. | ||||
align=right | 500,000 | ||||||
Valve[225] | align=right | 430,543 | Funds from selling of five specific in-game items through Team Fortress 2's Mann Co. Store, which was transferred to the American Red Cross. Current number includes funds from March 21 to April 7. | ||||
Mazda Motor Corporation[226] | align=right | 360,000 | |||||
Nissan Motors[227] | align=right | 360,000 | |||||
align=right | 125,000 | ||||||
align=right | 122,000 | ||||||
Spin Master[228] | align=right | 100,000 | Donation to the Canadian Red Cross and to IsraAid. | ||||
align=right | 81,000 | Equivalent of 3.5% of the bonus of former CEO | |||||
Johnny & Associates[229] [230] | 2,000 L of diesel fuel and free use of the company's delivery trucks for the delivery of relief goods | ||||||
Fuji Television[231] | align=right | 12,000,000 | |||||
Avex Group Holdings[232] | align=right | 1,200,000 | |||||
Donated to the Japanese Red Cross | |||||||
align=right | 160,000 | Funds from a special sale of Akali, a character from League of Legends whose design inspirations were drawn from Japan, and all proceeds from the sale were donated to the American Red Cross. | |||||
Name | Country | Title | Donation in US$ | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
120,000,000 | ¥10 billion donation to the Japanese Red Cross Society and other nonprofit organizations. Son, 53, will also donate all of his annual salary each year to aid organizations until he retires (his 2010 salary was $1.3 million) | |||
AKB48[233] | Idol Group | 12,700,000 | The group donated personal salaries and issued a single for charity purposes titled "Dareka no Tame ni (What Can I Do for Someone?)", of which, all profits were donated to the earthquake and tsunami relief fund – ¥1,254,175,973. | |
Chang Yung-fa[234] | 12,350,000 | Donated ¥1 billion | ||
Kyosuke Himuro[235] | Musician | 8,700,000 | Donated ¥669,220,940 to Fukushima, Miyagi, and Iwate prefectures. | |
Arashi[236] | Idol Group | 3,800,000 | Inclusive of personal salaries and all proceeds from their charity work – waku waku and 'Nippon no Arashi'. | |
Jackie Chan[237] | Actor | 3,000,000 | Raised over $3 million to Japan at a charity concert in Hong Kong. The money was donated to the Salvation Army to help deliver emergency relief supplies to victims of the disaster. | |
Gackt[238] | Singer | 2,641,564 | Donation via charity founded by him. In March 2011, was sent a track convoy with 72000lb of food and clothes. All money collected through bank transfers and street fundraising activities was on April 6 transferred to the Japanese Red Cross, sum of ¥208,181,735 (or US$2,641,564). | |
Ryo Ishikawa[239] | Golfer | 2,500,000 | Donated all of his tournament winnings in 2011 to earthquake relief, plus an additional ¥100,000 for every birdie he made in 2011 tournament play. His personal goal is to reach ¥200 million ($2.5 million/£1.5 million) in tournament winnings; it is estimated that if he matches his performance since turning professional in 2008, his donation could reach £2 million. | |
Lady Gaga[240] | Singer | 1,500,000 | Funds raised from the selling of the charity bracelet she designed. | |
Yuzuru Hanyu[241] | 1,340,000 | Donated the full prize money of his Olympic wins from 2014 (¥6 million; $55,000) and 2018 (¥10 million; $92,000) to his hometown of Sendai and Miyagi Prefecture.[242] [243] Donated all royalties and a part of the proceeds of his autobiography series Blue Flames I–IV (¥87.3 million; $617,000) for the rebuilding of .[244] Sold his skates and belongings, fundraising additional ¥2.95 million ($35,000) in 2011 and ¥7.12 million ($64,000) in 2019.[245] Raised $150,000 at ice shows in 2011 in collaboration with other skaters. Raised ¥42.7 million ($325,000) for reconstructions at the "2022 Yuzuru Hanyu Exhibition", organized by Yomiuri Shimbun (¥156 million in total).[246] Donations of the proceeds from official goods sales of the annual Yuzuru Hanyu Notte Stellata ice show and various charity activities have not been disclosed. | ||
Ichiro Suzuki[247] | Baseball player of the Seattle Mariners | 1,240,000 | Donation of ¥100 million to the Japanese Red Cross. | |
Takanori Nishikawa[248] | Musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor | 1,090,000 | Created the charity project 「STAND UP!JAPAN」. | |
Daisuke Matsuzaka[249] | 1,000,000 | Donation to the Japanese Red Cross Society's relief efforts. | ||
Sandra Bullock[250] | Actress | 1,000,000 | Donation to the American Red Cross. | |
Gwen Stefani[251] | Singer | 1,000,000 | Donation to Save the Children's Japan Earthquake-Tsunami Children in Emergency Fund. | |
Hikaru Utada[252] | Japan | Singer | 970,000 | Donated ¥80,000,000, quoting that others should donate where they can.[253] |
Norika Fujiwara[254] | Actress, model | 757,000 | Donated to the Japanese Red Cross | |
Hideki Matsui[255] | 600,000 | Donation of ¥50 million to the Japanese Red Cross. | ||
Prince Frederik[256] | Royalty | 271,000 | Donated ¥22 million acquired through Danish firms, along with 2,400 pairs of shoes. | |
Yoshiki Hayashi[257] | Musician | 135,000 | Auctioned his crystal piano, and it was sold for ¥11 million. | |
flumpool[258] | Music band | 123,000 | Donated to the Japanese Red Cross through the band's agency | |
Iron Maiden[259] | United Kingdom | Music band | 57,000 | Donated to the Japanese Red Cross. The band and their crew were flying into Tokyo from Seoul, South Korea, following their show there, as part of The Final Frontier World Tour. On approaching Narita airport in Tokyo, Iron Maiden's specially chartered Ed Force One was advised to re-route to Nagoya. Their shows, scheduled to take place on Saturday, March 12 and Sunday, March 13 at Saitama Super Arena, had to be canceled.[260] |
Breakerz[261] | Music band | 40,482 | Results of their fundraising event at Zepp Tokyo, and donated to the Japanese Red Cross | |
United States women's national soccer team[262] | Sports team | 20,597 | Donated proceeds of an online auction of game-worn jerseys, autographed by all players and head coach Pia Sundhage (), to the American Red Cross and earmarked for tsunami relief. The black jerseys, part of the team's new kit, debuted during the team's friendly match against Japan on May 14 in Columbus, Ohio, the first for Japan since the earthquake. | |
Queen Elizabeth II[263] | United Kingdom | Monarch | Undisclosed personal donation to Japan. | |
Ryuichi Sakamoto[264] | Japan | Composer, pianist, producer and actor | A School Music Revival Fund was established by him in July 2011 to provide free repair of musical instruments to schools in areas affected by the disaster. In 2014 he founded the Tohoku Youth Orchestra, which he directed and supervised, to provide children in the Tohoku region with opportunities to grow through music. | |
Clint Eastwood[265] | Actor | Donated the film Hereafter's DVD sales to relief efforts. | ||
Singer | Donated time and effort to relief-fund for Japan, and donated an undisclosed amount directly to Japan. She also included her 2001 hit Whenever, Wherever on Songs for Japan | |||
L'Arc-en-Ciel[266] | Music band | All proceeds from their 2-day 20th anniversary concert held at Ajinomoto Stadium. | ||
Music band | Donated profits from a remix of their single Sing | |||
Music band | Donated profits from their newly released song, Just Can't Get Enough. The music video for the song was filmed in Japan before the disaster. | |||
Feeder | United Kingdom | Music band | Donated profits from their newly released single Side By Side | |
Music band | Donated profits from their first single, Song Of Hope. | |||
Veronica Vitale "Ivee" | Singer, Songwriter | Donated time and effort to relief-fund for Japan with IFRC, and Donated profits from her newly released single Il Cielo and Turn Off on Songs for Japan, Newscomers's Help | ||
Mai Kuraki[267] | Singer | She held a charity concert at the Nippon Budokan where part of the proceeds were donated. In addition, she also donated profits from her first DVD single "Strong Heart", which was released November 23, 2011. | ||
KARA[268] | Music group | Donated profits from their single Jet Coaster Love. | ||
Girls' Generation[269] | Music group | Donated profits from their newly released song, Mr. Taxi / Run Devil Run. | ||