Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Ghana explained

Human Papillomavirus in Ghana
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Human Papillomavirus in Ghana; each year about 3,000 Ghanaian women are diagnosed cervical cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus, HPV. It is estimated that 2,000 women die out of the 3000 annually.[1]

Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer among women between the ages of age of 15 to 44 years and a high prevalence rate in Ghana compared to the Western Africa region.[2] 57.8% of Ghanaian women visiting the Korle -Bu Teaching Hospital with gynecological cancer had cervical cancer as well.[3]

According to the Global cancer observatory, cervical cancer is the third highest in cancers in 2020 and among female cancers, recording the second highest number of new cases after breast cancer in Ghana.[4] In an observation of 348 women diagnosed with cervical cancer, almost 60 per cent tested positive for HPV type 16 and 18 which is a causative factor of cervical cancer.

The increasing mortality among women with cervical cancer in Ghana suggests 26 in 100,000 Ghanaian women compared to women in most developed countries.[5] [6] 13.9% of pregnant women sampled for a study in the Western Region of Ghana were considered at a high risk HPV positive.[7]

Causes of increasing infection and mortality

Challenges with Screening for HPV in Ghana

Advancement- Screening and vaccine

At the moment, Ghana receives significant support for the implementation of the childhood vaccination.[15]

Ghana initiated a pilot of  HPV vaccination among 10–14-year-old girls in selected  regions of the country  between 2013 and 2015. The country is yet to administer the vaccine across the nation.[16]

Africa's Cancer Research Company, Yemaachi  in  February 2022 launched HPV molecular Test in Ghana to enable women screen for cervical cancer at home. This is a pilot initiative in two cities in Ghana, Accra and Kumasi. This would enable women to continently screen themselves, take sample, drop it at the Pharmacy where the kit was purchased and obtain results within 72 hours.[17] [18] [19]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Yemaachi partners The Mirror, Graphic Union ...for cervical cancer awareness . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  2. Krings . Amrei . Dunyo . Priscilla . Pesic . Aleksandra . Tetteh . Saviour . Hansen . Benjamin . Gedzah . Isaac . Wormenor . Comfort M. . Amuah . Joseph E. . Behnke . Anna-Lisa . Höfler . Daniela . Pawlita . Michael . 2019-06-27 . Adebamowo . Clement A. . Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana . PLOS ONE . en . 14 . 6 . e0218762 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0218762 . 31246997 . 6597158 . 2019PLoSO..1418762K . 1932-6203. free .
  3. Krings . Amrei . Dunyo . Priscilla . Pesic . Aleksandra . Tetteh . Saviour . Hansen . Benjamin . Gedzah . Isaac . Wormenor . Comfort M. . Amuah . Joseph E. . Behnke . Anna-Lisa . Höfler . Daniela . Pawlita . Michael . 2019-06-27 . Adebamowo . Clement A. . Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana . PLOS ONE . en . 14 . 6 . e0218762 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0218762 . 31246997 . 6597158 . 2019PLoSO..1418762K . 1932-6203. free .
  4. Web site: Time to tackle cervical cancer head-on . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  5. Web site: Time to tackle cervical cancer head-on . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  6. Krings . Amrei . Dunyo . Priscilla . Pesic . Aleksandra . Tetteh . Saviour . Hansen . Benjamin . Gedzah . Isaac . Wormenor . Comfort M. . Amuah . Joseph E. . Behnke . Anna-Lisa . Höfler . Daniela . Pawlita . Michael . 2019-06-27 . Adebamowo . Clement A. . Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana . PLOS ONE . en . 14 . 6 . e0218762 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0218762 . 31246997 . 6597158 . 2019PLoSO..1418762K . 1932-6203. free .
  7. Schulze . Marco H. . Völker . Fabian M. . Lugert . Raimond . Cooper . Paul . Hasenclever . Kai . Groß . Uwe . Pfister . Herbert . Silling . Steffi . 2016-12-01 . High prevalence of human papillomaviruses in Ghanaian pregnant women . Medical Microbiology and Immunology . en . 205 . 6 . 595–602 . 10.1007/s00430-016-0475-9 . 27601062 . 22628389 . 1432-1831.
  8. Web site: Time to tackle cervical cancer head-on . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  9. Web site: Time to tackle cervical cancer head-on . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  10. Nartey . Yvonne . Hill . Philip . Amo-Antwi . Kwabena . Asmah . Richard . Nyarko . Kofi . Yarney . Joel . Damale . Nelson . Cox . Brian . 2018-07-17 . Recommendations for cervical cancer prevention and control in Ghana: public education and human papillomavirus vaccination . Ghana Medical Journal . en . 52 . 2 . 94–102 . 10.4314/gmj.v52i2.6 . 30662082 . 6326540 . 0016-9560.
  11. Web site: Time to tackle cervical cancer head-on . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  12. Web site: Save our girls — Vaccinate them against HPV infection . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  13. Web site: Save our girls — Vaccinate them against HPV infection . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  14. 2021-03-16 . Factors Contributing To Cervical Cancer among Women at Intermediate Hospital Oshakati, Oshana Region, Namibia . Journal of Healthcare and Nursing Research . 3 . 1 . 1–8 . 10.36266/jhnr/116 . 248481556 . 2694-5789.
  15. Web site: Save our girls — Vaccinate them against HPV infection . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.
  16. Vodicka . Elisabeth . Nonvignon . Justice . Antwi-Agyei . Kwadwo Odei . Bawa . John . Clark . Andrew . Pecenka . Clint . LaMontagne . D. Scott . 2022-03-31 . The projected cost-effectiveness and budget impact of HPV vaccine introduction in Ghana . Vaccine . Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Introduction in Low- and Lower-Middle Income Countries: Programmatic Successes and Challenges . en . 40 . A85–A93 . 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.027 . 34303563 . 236432033 . 0264-410X. free .
  17. Web site: Yemaachi Launches HPV Molecular Test in Ghana for At-Home Cervical Cancer Risk Assessment . 2022-05-17 . en-US.
  18. Web site: 2022-02-11 . Yemaachi Launches HPV Molecular Test in Ghana for At-Home Cervical Cancer Risk Assessment . 2022-05-17 . Genomeweb . en.
  19. Web site: Yemaachi partners The Mirror, Graphic Union ...for cervical cancer awareness . 2022-05-17 . Graphic Online . en-gb.

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