Hulayqat Explained

Hulayqat
Native Name:حليقات
Native Name Lang:ar
Settlement Type:Village
Etymology:the circles[1]
Pushpin Map:Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates:31.6008°N 34.6497°W
Pushpin Mapsize:200
Grid Name:Palestine grid
Grid Position:116/112
Subdivision Type:Geopolitical entity
Subdivision Name:Mandatory Palestine
Subdivision Type1:Subdistrict
Subdivision Name1:Gaza
Established Title1:Date of depopulation
Established Date1:May 12, 1948[2]
Established Title2:Repopulated dates
Population As Of:1945
Population Total:420[3] [4]
Blank Name Sec1:Cause(s) of depopulation
Blank Info Sec1:Influence of nearby town's fall

Hulayqat was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. It was located 20.5 km northeast of Gaza.

History

Hulayqat's lands hosted numerous khirbas. Artifacts include pieces of marble and pottery as well as cisterns and a pool.[5]

Ottoman era

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the area of Hulayqat experienced a significant process of settlement decline due to nomadic pressures on local communities. The residents of abandoned villages moved to surviving settlements, but the land continued to be cultivated by neighboring villages.[6]

In 1838, in the Ottoman era, Huleikat was noted as village in the Gaza district.[7]

An Ottoman village list from about 1870 showed that Hulayqat had a population of 55, with a total of 14 houses, though the population count included men, only.[8] [9]

In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as a "small village on a flat slope, with a high sandy hill to the west. It has cisterns and a pond, with a small garden to the west."[10]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Hukiqat had a population of 251 inhabitants, all Muslims,[11] increasing in the 1931 census to 285, still all Muslims, in 61 houses.[12] In the 1945 statistics Huleiqat had a population of 420 Muslims,[3] with a total of 7,063 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[4] Of this, 115 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 6,636 for cereals,[13] while they had 18 dunams as built-up land.[14]

In 1947, an oil drilling project commenced in Hulayqat employing 300 Arab workers.[15]

1948, aftermath

The village was first captured by the Israeli army on 13 May during Operation Barak and depopulated.[16] [17] On 8 July, it was retaken by the Egyptian army. A well-fortified battalion of the 4th Brigade was stationed there later reinforced by more troops.[18] and some of the villagers returned to their homes. It was finally captured on 19 October by the Giv'ati Brigade during Operation Yoav.[5] According to the Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, the ruin of the village in 1992 was partially forested with sycamore, Christ's-thorn trees and cactus. One of the old roads had been paved.[5]

See also

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 367
  2. Morris, 2004, p. xix, village No. 317. Also gives cause for depopulation
  3. Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 31
  4. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 45
  5. Khalidi, 1992, p. 104
  6. Marom . Roy . Taxel . Itamar . 2023-01-01 . Ḥamāma: The historical geography of settlement continuity and change in Majdal 'Asqalān's hinterland, 1270 – 1750 CE . Journal of Historical Geography . 82 . 49–65 . 10.1016/j.jhg.2023.08.003. free .
  7. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 119
  8. Socin, 1879, p. 149
  9. Hartmann, 1883, p. 148
  10. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 260
  11. Barron, 1923, Table V, Sub-district of Gaza, p. 8
  12. Mills, 1932, p. 3
  13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 87
  14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 137
  15. http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=VEU9jff72cwQ%2FzWlQ7WW%2F%2BNlsYRM9YFvgLD3LMhhSsENUU6An1yw%2FPdEjgOgHNnLYw%3D%3D&mode=image&href=HMF%2f1947%2f09%2f28&page=8&rtl=true Drilling begins near Gaza
  16. Tal, 2004, p. 174
  17. Morris, 2004, p. 258
  18. Tal, 2004, p. 385

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