| House of Representatives of the National Assembly of Belarus | |
| Coa Pic: | Coat of arms of Belarus (2020–present).svg |
| Coa Res: | 150px |
| House Type: | Lower house |
| Body: | National Assembly of Belarus |
| Foundation: | 1996 |
| Leader1 Type: | Chairman |
| Party1: | Independent |
| Election1: | 22 March 2024 |
| Leader2 Type: | Deputy Chairman |
| Election2: | 22 March 2024 |
| Members: | 110 |
| Term Length: | 4 years |
| Structure1: | Belarus House of Representatives 2024.svg |
| Structure1 Res: | 250px |
| Political Groups1: | Government (91)
Support (19)
|
| Session Room: | Зал заседаний Палаты представителей Белоруссии.png |
The House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus is the lower house of the parliament of Belarus, while the upper house is the Council of the Republic. It was established after the Constitution of Belarus was amended in 1996, replacing the Supreme Council of Belarus.[1]
It consists of 110 deputies elected to four year terms on the basis of direct electoral suffrage by secret ballot (art. 91).[2] It is a majoritarian system, with the outcome decided by overall majorities in single-member constituencies. Any citizen of 21 years is eligible for election (art. 92). The functions of the House are to consider draft laws and the other business of government; it must approve the nomination of a prime minister (art. 97); and it may deliver a vote of no confidence on the government (art. 97).
Since the 1995 Belarusian parliamentary election the majority of seats in the House of Representatives have been held by independents.
Bills adopted by the House of Representatives are sent to the Council of the Republic for consideration within five days, where they are considered within no more than twenty days.
Special powers accorded only to the House of Representatives are:
Since constitutional amendments in 1996, the House of Representatives has little real power. Notably, the House has little control over government spending; it cannot pass a law to increase or decrease the budget without presidential consent. Additionally, if it rejects the president's nominee for prime minister two times, the president has the right to dissolve it.[3] In practice, nearly all governing power is concentrated in the hands of President Alexander Lukashenko, and the House of Representatives does little more than approve the president's policies.
In the aftermath of the 2019 Belarusian parliamentary election, the Belarusian opposition lost all of its seats in the assembly, as every single elected deputy was deemed to support President Lukashenko.[4] The House has been composed entirely of Lukashenko supporters for all but one term since 2004, and even before 2004 there had been little substantive opposition to presidential decisions.
| Name | Entered office | Left office | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anatoly Malofeyev | 28 December 1996 | 21 November 2002 | |
| 21 November 2002 | 16 November 2004 | ||
| 16 November 2004 | 2 October 2006 | ||
| Vadim Popov | 2 October 2006 | 27 October 2008 | |
| Vladimir Andreichenko | 27 October 2008 | 22 March 2024 | |
| Igor Sergeenko | 22 March 2024 | Incumbent |
(2019, 7th convocation).
| Party | Number of Deputies | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 2016 | 2019 | ||
| Liberal Democratic Party | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| United Civic Party | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| BPF Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Communist Party of Belarus | 3 | 8 | 11 | |
| Belarusian Left Party "A Just World" | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Social Democratic Party (Assembly) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Republican Party of Labor and Justice | 1 | 3 | 6 | |
| Belarusian Patriotic Party | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
| Belarusian Green Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Conservative Christian Party - BPF | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Social Democratic Assembly | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Social Democratic Party of Popular Accord | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Republican Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Agrarian Party | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Belarusian Socialist Sporting Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Liberal Party of Freedom and Progress | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Christian Democracy Party | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Party of Workers | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |