| Surname: | Family de Maupeou |
| Country: | Kingdom of France |
| Titles: | |
| Founded: | 16th century |
| Founder: | Vincent Maupeou |
The Maupeou family is a French aristocratic family from the Île-de-France, several representatives of which played a role as Controller-General of Finances or Chancellors in the history of the French monarchy.[1]
Vincent Maupeou, the founder of the House of Maupeou, was a civil law notary at the Châtelet of Paris in the middle of the 16th century. His three sons, Pierre, Michel and Gilles, were ennobled together by letters patent from King Henry III of France on 12 January 1587.[2]
In 1692, Gilles-François de Maupeou inherited the town of Ableiges, which he developed and promoted to great success. In 1692, the hereditary title of Count of Ableiges was bestowed upon him by King Louis XIV of France.
The Maupeou family came to prominence with René Nicolas, Keeper of the Seals and last Lord Chancellor of the Ancien Régime, under the reign of Louis XV of France. In 1771, René Nicolas de Maupeou, then Chancellor since 1768, exiled 130 members of the Parlement in what amounted to a coup d'état to take back the judiciary,[3] thus restoring King Louis XV of France's authority over political reforms. At the time, the Dauphin, the future Louis XVI of France, approved the Chancellor's reforms despite a wave of hostility from the higher nobility and magistrates. Nonetheless, when Louis XVI acceded to the throne in 1774, he quickly dismissed Maupeou and the reforms he had implemented. In November of the same year, when the old parliaments were called back, he is claimed to have said: "If the king wants to lose his crown, he is master".[4]
The Maupeou family has been granted the Honours of the Court in the 17th century.
The house of Maupeou is divided in four main genealogical branches, two remain today :