Hortensia Lamar Explained

Hortensia Lamar
Birth Date:1888
Death Date:1967
Occupation:Clubwoman, suffragist
Known For:President, Club Femenino de Cuba

Hortensia Lamar y Delmonte (1888 – 1967)[1] was a Cuban suffragist and clubwoman. She was president of the Club Femenino de Cuba and the Federación Nacional de Asociaciones Femeninas.

Early life

Lamar was born to a wealthy family from Matanzas.[2] [3]

Career

Lamar was a founder and president of the Club Femenino de Cuba and the Federación Nacional de Asociaciones Femeninas.[4] [5] She edited the club's official magazine, La mujer moderna, "the most political radical of the journals of its time".[6] The federation of Cuban women's organizations campaigned for women's suffrage, juvenile courts, workers' rights, and women's education.[7]

Lamar, an "energetic" "born leader",[8] campaigned for immigration reform to abolish sex trafficking, drug abuse, and prostitution in Cuba.[9] [10] She also joined Cuban feminists who sought equal rights for children born to single mothers.[11] [12] "Let us raise up the mother! Let us raise up and protect her children!" she said in an address to the Second National Women's Congress in 1925.[13] She served on an international women's commission,[14] represented Cuba at the First International Feminist Conference in 1926, and was a member of the Women's Advisory Committee of the Institución Hispano-Cubana de Cultura.[15] She also opposed bullfighting in Cuba.[16]

After Cuban president Gerardo Machado failed to follow through on a promise to recognize Cuban women's right to the vote, Lamar joined organized opposition to Machado, contributing to his regime's defeat.[17] In 1933, she participated in peace talks in Havana, facilitated by American diplomat Sumner Welles.[18] [19] "Lamar was not timid, and Welles took her seriously," noted Philip Dur and Christopher Gilcrease in 2002.[20] She and other feminist leaders met with the next president, Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, and Cuban women's right to vote was recognized in 1934.

Publications

Personal life

Lamar died in 1967, in her late seventies, "still a formidable presence in her old age."

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Kapcia, Antoni . Historical Dictionary of Cuba . 2022-04-25 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-1-4422-6455-7 . 340–341 . en.
  2. Book: Bretos, Miguel A. . Matanzas: The Cuba Nobody Knows . 2011-10-09 . University Press of Florida . 978-0-8130-4086-8 . en.
  3. Book: Wamsley, E. Sue . A Hemisphere of Women: The Founding and Development of the Inter-American Commission, 1915–1939 . 2022 . U of Nebraska Press . 978-1-4962-3011-9 . 63 . en.
  4. Web site: García . Olga . 2024-05-30 . El Primer Congreso Nacional de Mujeres Cubanas (segunda parte) . 2024-09-19 . alasTensas . es.
  5. Book: Clarke, Mrs Ida Clyde Gallagher . Women of Today . 1925 . Women of Today Press . 280–281 . en.
  6. Book: Davies, Catherine . A Place in the Sun: Women Writers in Twentieth-Century Cuba . 1997 . Zed Books . 978-1-85649-542-4 . 18 . en.
  7. News: 1923-01-05 . Equal RIghts for Cubans; Women of Island Will be Called to Campaign to Benefit Themselves . 2024-09-19 . Wausau Daily Herald . 3 . Newspapers.com.
  8. March 1926 . World News about Women . The Woman Citizen . 10 . 12 . 31.
  9. Camiscioli . Elisa . 2020 . 'Traffic in women' as migration history: Gendered mobility between France and Cuba (early twentieth century) . Clio. Women, Gender, History . 51 . 112–113 . 27076666 . 2554-3822.
  10. Book: Foote . Nicola . Immigration and National Identities in Latin America . Goebel . Michael . 2016-12-10 . University Press of Florida . 978-0-8130-5329-5 . en.
  11. Book: Stoner, Kathryn Lynn . From the House to the Streets: The Cuban Woman's Movement for Legal Reform, 1898-1940 . 1991-04-30 . Duke University Press . 978-0-8223-8168-6 . 67–68 . en.
  12. Book: Beezley . William H. . The Human Tradition in Modern Latin America . Ewell . Judith . 1997 . Rowman & Littlefield . 978-0-8420-2613-0 . 187 . en.
  13. Book: Chomsky . Aviva . The Cuba Reader: History, Culture, Politics . Carr . Barry . Prieto . Alfredo . Smorkaloff . Pamela Maria . 2019-05-17 . Duke University Press . 978-1-4780-0456-1 . en.
  14. Book: National Council of Women of the United States . The Year Book and Directory of the National Council of Women of the United States, Inc., Including the Proceedings of the ... Convention . 1928 . The Council . 227 . en.
  15. Book: Font . Mauricio Augusto . Cuban Counterpoints: The Legacy of Fernando Ortiz . Quiroz . Alfonso W. . 2005 . Lexington Books . 978-0-7391-0968-7 . 25 . en.
  16. Springer, Mary Elizabeth. "The Feminist Movement in Cuba" Bulletin of the Pan American Union 57(5)(December 1923): 583.
  17. News: 1933-09-07 . Woman Suffrage Sought in Cuba . 2024-09-19 . Springfield Weekly Republican . 10 . Newspapers.com.
  18. News: July 1, 1933 . Peace Talks Begin in Havana Today; Oppositionist and Machado Delegates Will See Welles Separately This Morning . 2024-09-19 . The New York Times . 30 . en . 0362-4331.
  19. News: 1934-02-02 . Welles Back at Desk . 2024-09-19 . St. Albans Daily Messenger . 4 . Newspapers.com.
  20. Dur . Philip . Gilcrease . Christopher . May 2002 . US Diplomacy and the Downfall of a Cuban Dictator: Machado in 1933 . Journal of Latin American Studies . en . 34 . 2 . 264 . 10.1017/S0022216X02006417 . 1469-767X.
  21. Lamar, Hortensia. "La lucha contra la prostitución y la trata de blancas" Revista bimestra cubana 18(2)(1923): 128-140.
  22. Book: Sippial, Tiffany A. . Prostitution, Modernity, and the Making of the Cuban Republic, 1840-1920 . 2013-11-11 . UNC Press Books . 978-1-4696-0895-2 . 173 . en.
  23. Lamar, Hortencia. "Protección y defensa del hogar cubano", in Memorias del Primer Congreso Nacional de Mujeres. Organizado por la Federación Nacional de Asociaciones Femeninas, April 1-7, 1923, Havana, Cuba, p. 97.
  24. Lamar, Hortensia. “La mujer cubana: Su preparación y concepto social de la vida.” Diario de la Marina. Número centenario, 1832–1932 (1932): 127.
  25. Lamar, Hortensia. "Cuida la adolescencia de tú hija" Carteles (January 13, 1935): 8.

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