Horst Ademeit Explained

Horst Ademeit
Birth Date:8 February 1912
Birth Place:Breslau
Death Place:disappeared near Dünaburg
Serviceyears:1936–44
Rank:Major (majr)
Commands:I./JG 54
Unit:JG 54
Awards:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Horst Ademeit (8 February 1912 – 7 August 1944) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub) during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat.

Early life

Ademeit, the son of a Regierungsbaurat (government building officer), was born on 8 February 1912 in Breslau in the Kingdom of Prussia of the German Empire, present-day Wrocław in western Poland. He studied at the Königsberg Albertina University, a member of the Corps Masovia Königsberg. He then studied chemistry at the Technische Hochschulen in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin) and Braunschweig (now Technische Universität Braunschweig) graduating as Diplom Ingenieur. He joined the military service of the Luftwaffe on 1 August 1936.

On 9 December 1938, Ademeit was made an officer cadet of the reserves and received flight training.

World War II

In the spring of 1940, Unteroffizier Ademeit was transferred to 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing) Grünherz and participated in the Battle of Britain.[1] He claimed his first victory on 18 September 1940. Shortly afterwards he was shot down over the Channel. He bailed out and was rescued by the Seenotdienst unharmed.

In June 1941, after the attack on the Soviet Union, he accompanied I./JG 54 to the Eastern Front. In quick succession he achieved aerial victories, promotions and awards. On 7 March 1943, Ademeit was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 6. Staffel of JG 54, replacing Oberleutnant Hans Beißwenger who was killed in action the day before.

In October 1943, Ademeit was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 61st Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.

Group commander

On 4 February 1944, Ademeit succeeded Hauptmann Walter Nowotny as Gruppenkommandeur (group commander of I. Gruppe of JG 54. On 14 February, I. Gruppe moved to an airfield named Wesenberg near Rakvere, located approximately 60abbr=offNaNabbr=off north of Lake Peipus and 105abbr=offNaNabbr=off west of Narva. Here the Gruppe was subordinated to the 3. Flieger-Division (3rd Air Division) and fought in the Battle of Narva.

On 7 August 1944, Ademeit, flying a Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-5 (Werksnummer 5960 — factory number) pursued a Russian Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft eastwards over Russian lines near Dünaburg, however he failed to return from this mission and is considered missing in action since. Ademeit had led a flight of four Fw 190s to the combat area near Kreutzburg, present-day Jēkabpils, on the right bank of the Daugava, where they intecepted a flight of ten Il-2s and Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters at 15:17. His wingman, Gefreiter Biebrichter, later reported that Ademeit was last seen in pursuit of an Il-2 into a thick cloud of smoke. He was succeeded by Hauptmann Franz Eisenach as commander of I. Gruppe.

Berlin radio announced his loss on 29 September 1944.[2]

Horst Ademeit was credited with 166 victories in over 600 missions over the Eastern Front. He was posthumously promoted to Major.

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Ademeit was credited with 166 aerial victories. Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for 160 aerial victory claims, all of which confirmed and claimed on the Eastern Front. The authors Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock list six further victories, aerial victories numbered 99–104, which were not documented by Mathews and Foreman, in the timeframe 18 September to 3 October 1943.

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 2525". The Luftwaffe grid map (German: Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360sqmi. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3x in size.

Chronicle of aerial victories
ClaimDateTimeTypeLocationClaimDateTimeTypeLocation
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941
123 June 194110:13SB-2PQ 2525824 September 194110:11I-15?
26 July 194117:35SB-397 October 194116:25MBR-2
37 August 194118:13I-16109 October 194107:47I-26 (Yak-1)
427 August 194119:00I-161112 October 194109:57U-2
55 September 194117:35I-26 (Yak-1)1225 October 194113:27I-18 (MiG-1)
65 September 194118:04R-5136 November 194112:42Pe-2
723 September 194113:17I-153143 December 194112:11I-16
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 30 April 1942
158 January 194209:55I-26 (Yak-1)187 February 194208:33I-18 (MiG-1)
168 January 194213:14SB-2Guijka1916 February 194207:45Il-2
1720 January 194211:23I-26 (Yak-1)2018 February 194213:15I-16
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — 1 May 1942 – 3 February 1943
215 May 194218:42Yak-1Leningrad299 September 194218:10?MiG-3PQ 11802
35km (22miles) northwest of Volkhov
2210 May 194206:50P-40PQ 106213022 October 194207:35I-153PQ 11762
over Lake Ladoga
2312 May 194211:10Yak-1east of Possademkowo316 November 194208:22P-40northern Leningrad
2412 May 194211:15Yak-1PQ 104633216 December 194209:35Pe-2PQ 11852
40km (30miles) northwest of Volkhov
2529 May 194210:20SB-33312 January 194309:20Il-2PQ 10151
southeast of Shlisselburg
2630 May 194205:32MiG-33412 January 194314:08Yak-1PQ 10182
vicinity of Shlisselburg
2730 May 194218:34P-403527 January 194309:30Il-2PQ 00294
10km (10miles) west of Mga
288 June 194215:25P-403627 January 194314:40LaGG-3PQ 10123
east of Shlisselburg
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — February 1943
3711 February 194309:58Il-2PQ 36 Ost 00454
15km (09miles) east-southeast of Sluzk
4222 February 194315:05Il-2PQ 36 Ost 10123
east of Shlisselburg
3811 February 194310:00Il-2PQ 36 Ost 00424
Pushkin-Mga
4323 February 194307:05Il-2PQ 36 Ost 10151
southeast of Shlisselburg
3915 February 194307:50LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 10483
35km (22miles) northeast of Lyuban
4423 February 194311:15La-5PQ 36 Ost 10172
25km (16miles) northeast of Leningrad
4018 February 194309:35La-5PQ 36 Ost 10444
30km (20miles) southeast of Mga
4527 February 194308:35LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 10254
30km (20miles) west-southwest of Shlisselburg
4121 February 194313:25La-5PQ 36 Ost 10454
40km (30miles) northeast of Lyuban
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — March – 31 December 1943
4613 March 194315:16R-5PQ 36 Ost 20122, north of Wolchowstroj
west of Volkhov
732 August 194308:51Yak-7PQ 36 Ost 10184
east of Mga
4715 March 194315:55LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 18284
30km (20miles) southeast of Staraya Russa
742 August 194313:19Yak-7PQ 36 Ost 10161
southeast of Shlisselburg
4816 March 194315:20LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 18342
20km (10miles) southeast of Staraya Russa
752 August 194319:22La-5PQ 36 Ost 10354
20km (10miles) southeast of Mga
4919 March 194310:00Il-2PQ 36 Ost 00411
10km (10miles) east of Pushkin
767 August 194311:05LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 54818
35km (22miles) west-southwest of Bolkhov
5021 March 194312:03La-5PQ 36 Ost 00271
15km (09miles) northeast of Pushkin
777 August 194314:02Il-2PQ 35 Ost 54684
20km (10miles) southwest of Bolkhov
5123 March 194317:10P-40PQ 36 Ost 00412
10km (10miles) east of Pushkin
7814 August 194305:00La-5PQ 35 Ost 45772
15km (09miles) west-southwest of Kirov
5225 March 194307:50Yak-1PQ 36 Ost 00283
20km (10miles) west of Mga
7916 August 194313:28Il-2PQ 35 Ost 45752, northwest of Kirov
5km (03miles) northwest of Kirov
533 April 194318:15Yak-1PQ 36 Ost RD 578017 August 194308:52Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 44583
20km (10miles) west of Karachev
541 June 194316:17LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 21774
30km (20miles) north of Volkhov
8117 August 194309:27Il-2PQ 35 Ost 43663
20km (10miles) southwest of Dmitrowsk
555 June 194312:13LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 21752
30km (20miles) north of Volkhov
8220 August 194306:22La-5PQ 35 Ost 43824
15km (09miles) east-northeast of Sevsk
5612 June 194311:25La-5PQ 26 Ost 90131
10km (10miles) west of Lomonossow
8321 August 194316:42La-5PQ 35 Ost 43853
15km (09miles) southeast of Sevsk
5718 June 194317:15LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 20174
south of Volchov
8422 August 194306:22P-39PQ 35 Ost 4382
5818 June 194317:17La-5PQ 36 Ost 20421
30km (20miles) southeast of Volkhov
8523 August 194310:00P-39PQ 35 Ost 43893
30km (20miles) southeast of Sevsk
5922 June 194319:22?LaGG-3PQ 36 Ost 01751
20km (10miles) north of Leningrad
8623 August 194318:35P-39PQ 35 Ost 43851
15km (09miles) southeast of Sevsk
6012 July 194318:27?La-5PQ 35 Ost 64863
30km (20miles) southeast of Mtsensk
8724 August 194314:55La-5PQ 35 Ost 44472
15km (09miles) east-southeast of Datkovo
6113 July 194306:53La-5PQ 35 Ost 63293
55km (34miles) southeast of Oryol
8828 August 194311:47Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 43674
15km (09miles) northeast of Sevsk
6213 July 194306:54Yak-7PQ 35 Ost 63261
55km (34miles) east-southeast of Oryol
8930 August 194314:21La-5PQ 35 Ost 35611
25km (16miles) southeast of Yelnya
6313 July 194306:56Il-2PQ 35 Ost 63234
40km (30miles) southeast of Mtsensk
9031 August 194306:47LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 35624
20km (10miles) west-northwest of Spas-Demensk
6413 July 194311:06La-5PQ 35 Ost 63283
25km (16miles) southeast of Mtsensk
9131 August 194315:28Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 35582
30km (20miles) south of Yelnya
6514 July 194314:10LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 54353
30km (20miles) southeast of Zhizdra
9231 August 194315:38Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 35384, southwest of Jelnja
5km (03miles) southeast of Yelnya
6616 July 194318:45Il-2PQ 35 Ost 63524
15km (09miles) west-northwest of Maloarkhangelsk
932 September 194312:30La-5PQ 35 Ost 35381
5km (03miles) southeast of Yelnya
6717 July 194306:42La-5PQ 35 Ost 54474
25km (16miles) west-northwest of Bolkhov
944 September 194317:02LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 35374
5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
6821 July 194317:18Pe-2PQ 35 Ost 53462
40km (30miles) south-southwest of Oryol
954 September 194317:06Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 35371, west of Jelnja
5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
6928 July 194309:14La-5PQ 36 Ost 10154
southeast of Shlisselburg
965 September 194311:13P-39PQ 35 Ost 25631
20km (10miles) southwest of Yelnya
7028 July 194309:17Yak-7PQ 36 Ost 10331
20km (10miles) east-southeast of Mga
975 September 194313:28Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 26814
20km (10miles) north-northwest of Yartsevo
7128 July 194309:25La-5PQ 36 Ost 10334
20km (10miles) east-southeast of Mga
9810 September 194310:50HurricanePQ 35 Ost 35372, northwest of Yelnya
5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
7231 July 194318:15La-5PQ 36 Ost 10243
25km (16miles) east-southeast of Shlisselburg
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Ademeit claimed aerial victories 99–104, which were not documented, in the timeframe 18 September to 3 October 1943. These six claims are not listed by Mathews and Foreman.
1057 October 194316:12La-5southeast of Kotitschi
southeast of Ashitka
118♠12 October 194316:08La-5PQ 35 Ost 10131
east of Shlisselburg
1067 October 194316:14La-5PQ 35 Ost 01214
Lake Ladoga
11913 October 194315:40Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 01334
70km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk
1077 October 194316:19La-5west of Tchernin
west of Tschermin
12014 October 194307:40La-5PQ 35 Ost 11512
over Lake Ladoga
1089 October 194311:32Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 01334
70km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk
12120 October 194314:11Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 01191
10910 October 194315:55La-5PQ 35 Ost 11781
over Lake Ladoga
12220 October 194315:42Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 01391
60km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk
11010 October 194316:15La-5PQ 35 Ost 10121
east of Shlisselburg
12321 October 194307:12La-5PQ 35 Ost 11793
25km (16miles) northeast of Shlisselburg
11111 October 194310:12La-5PQ 35 Ost 0112212421 October 194307:29Il-2PQ 35 Ost 10111
vicinity of Shlisselburg
11211 October 194315:51La-5PQ 35 Ost 10121
east of Shlisselburg
12521 October 194307:30Il-2PQ 35 Ost 11773
over Lake Ladoga
113♠12 October 194308:25La-5PQ 35 Ost 10122
east of Shlisselburg
12621 October 194309:52La-5PQ 35 Ost 10124
east of Shlisselburg
114♠12 October 194308:30La-5PQ 35 Ost 11784
over Lake Ladoga
12712 December 194307:28La-5PQ 35 Ost 00154
10km (10miles) south of Leningrad
115♠12 October 194310:43Pe-2PQ 35 Ost 11791
over Lake Ladoga
12812 December 194307:30La-5PQ 35 Ost 01783
10km (10miles) north of Leningrad
116♠12 October 194310:43Pe-2PQ 35 Ost 11791
over Lake Ladoga
12915 December 194307:20Yak-9PQ 25 Ost 91393
40km (30miles) southeast of Vyborg
117♠12 October 194311:22La-5PQ 35 Ost 11763
over Lake Ladoga
13017 December 194308:08Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 00161
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — 1 January – 3 February 1944
13111 January 194414:00Pe-2PQ 26 Ost 80874
40km (30miles) south-southeast of Narva
13515 January 194409:15La-5?PQ 26 Ost 80821
30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
13214 January 194411:12?Il-2PQ 26 Ost 80691
35km (22miles) east-southeast of Narva
13615 January 194409:20La-5PQ 26 Ost 80824
30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
13315 January 194409:10La-5PQ 26 Ost 80831
40km (30miles) southeast of Narva
13724 January 194414:14La-5PQ 26 Ost 80434
Gulf of Finland, northeast of Hungerburg
13415 January 194409:13La-5PQ 26 Ost 80822
30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
Stab I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 –
Eastern Front — 4 February – 7 August 1944
1387 February 194410:41La-5PQ 35 Ost 0513215329 June 194419:47P-39PQ NS-8/1
1395 March 194409:27?La-5PQ 26 Ost 70821
25km (16miles) southwest of Narva
1542 July 194408:00Pe-2PQ OS-8/2
1405 March 194412:20La-5PQ 26 Ost 70832
20km (10miles) southwest of Narva
1552 July 194410:48P-39PQ OS-6/4
vicinity of Polotsk
1415 March 194412:45La-5PQ 26 Ost 80574
southwest of Narva
1562 July 194417:25P-39PQ OT-7/6
northeast of Polotsk
1429 March 194408:46Il-2?PQ 26 Ost 70524
45km (28miles) west of Hungerburg
1573 July 194412:35Yak-9PQ OS-4/3
vicinity of Polotsk
1439 March 194411:40Il-2PQ 26 Ost 80682
30km (20miles) southwest of Narva
1583 July 194412:38Yak-9PQ OS-7/6
vicinity of Polotsk
14418 March 194415:43La-5PQ 26 Ost 70182
50km (30miles) northeast of Kunda
15921 July 194409:21?Il-2PQ OL-2/3
14519 March 194410:35Yak-9PQ 26 Ost 80573
vicinity of Hungerburg
16021 July 194409:26P-39PQ NM-8/6
14623 March 194411:30?Yak-9PQ 26 Ost 70593
55km (34miles) southeast of Kunda
16121 July 194419:09?La-5PQ NN-1/8
14728 March 194416:18?LaGG-3?PQ 25 Ost 89231
80km (50miles) northeast of Opotschka
16222 July 194409:26Yak-9PQ NM-9/7
14830 March 194408:30La-5PQ 26 Ost 602516323 July 194414:17Il-2PQ NN-7/4
vicinity of Daugavpils
14921 April 194414:25Yak-915km (09miles) southwest of Narva16423 July 194414:20Yak-9PQ NN-7/5
vicinity of Daugavpils
15028 May 194408:32LaGG-3PQ 26 Ost 70691
15km (09miles) southwest of Narva
16525 July 194413:58P-39PQ ON-6/6
15128 June 194408:12?P-3916627 July 194415:50Pe-2PQ NN-7/5
vicinity of Mitau
15229 June 194404:18Yak-9PQ NR-5/3

Awards

See also

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. For an explanation of the meaning of Luftwaffe unit designation see Luftwaffe Organization
  2. Associated Press, "Nazi Air Ace Lost", The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Saturday 30 September 1944, Volume 51, page 1.