Horst Ademeit Explained

Horst Ademeit
Birth Date:	8 February 1912
Birth Place:	Breslau
Death Place:	disappeared near Dünaburg
Serviceyears:	1936–44
Rank:	Major (majr)
Commands:	I./JG 54
Unit:	JG 54
Awards:	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Horst Ademeit (8 February 1912 – 7 August 1944) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub) during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat.

Early life

Ademeit, the son of a Regierungsbaurat (government building officer), was born on 8 February 1912 in Breslau in the Kingdom of Prussia of the German Empire, present-day Wrocław in western Poland. He studied at the Königsberg Albertina University, a member of the Corps Masovia Königsberg. He then studied chemistry at the Technische Hochschulen in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin) and Braunschweig (now Technische Universität Braunschweig) graduating as Diplom Ingenieur. He joined the military service of the Luftwaffe on 1 August 1936.

On 9 December 1938, Ademeit was made an officer cadet of the reserves and received flight training.

World War II

In the spring of 1940, Unteroffizier Ademeit was transferred to 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing) Grünherz and participated in the Battle of Britain.^[1] He claimed his first victory on 18 September 1940. Shortly afterwards he was shot down over the Channel. He bailed out and was rescued by the Seenotdienst unharmed.

In June 1941, after the attack on the Soviet Union, he accompanied I./JG 54 to the Eastern Front. In quick succession he achieved aerial victories, promotions and awards. On 7 March 1943, Ademeit was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 6. Staffel of JG 54, replacing Oberleutnant Hans Beißwenger who was killed in action the day before.

In October 1943, Ademeit was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 61st Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.

Group commander

On 4 February 1944, Ademeit succeeded Hauptmann Walter Nowotny as Gruppenkommandeur (group commander of I. Gruppe of JG 54. On 14 February, I. Gruppe moved to an airfield named Wesenberg near Rakvere, located approximately 60abbr=offNaNabbr=off north of Lake Peipus and 105abbr=offNaNabbr=off west of Narva. Here the Gruppe was subordinated to the 3. Flieger-Division (3rd Air Division) and fought in the Battle of Narva.

On 7 August 1944, Ademeit, flying a Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-5 (Werksnummer 5960 — factory number) pursued a Russian Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft eastwards over Russian lines near Dünaburg, however he failed to return from this mission and is considered missing in action since. Ademeit had led a flight of four Fw 190s to the combat area near Kreutzburg, present-day Jēkabpils, on the right bank of the Daugava, where they intecepted a flight of ten Il-2s and Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters at 15:17. His wingman, Gefreiter Biebrichter, later reported that Ademeit was last seen in pursuit of an Il-2 into a thick cloud of smoke. He was succeeded by Hauptmann Franz Eisenach as commander of I. Gruppe.

Berlin radio announced his loss on 29 September 1944.^[2]

Horst Ademeit was credited with 166 victories in over 600 missions over the Eastern Front. He was posthumously promoted to Major.

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Ademeit was credited with 166 aerial victories. Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for 160 aerial victory claims, all of which confirmed and claimed on the Eastern Front. The authors Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock list six further victories, aerial victories numbered 99–104, which were not documented by Mathews and Foreman, in the timeframe 18 September to 3 October 1943.

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 2525". The Luftwaffe grid map (German: Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360sqmi. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3x in size.

Chronicle of aerial victories
Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location	Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941
1	23 June 1941	10:13	SB-2	PQ 2525	8	24 September 1941	10:11	I-15?
2	6 July 1941	17:35	SB-3		9	7 October 1941	16:25	MBR-2
3	7 August 1941	18:13	I-16		10	9 October 1941	07:47	I-26 (Yak-1)
4	27 August 1941	19:00	I-16		11	12 October 1941	09:57	U-2
5	5 September 1941	17:35	I-26 (Yak-1)		12	25 October 1941	13:27	I-18 (MiG-1)
6	5 September 1941	18:04	R-5		13	6 November 1941	12:42	Pe-2
7	23 September 1941	13:17	I-153		14	3 December 1941	12:11	I-16
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 30 April 1942
15	8 January 1942	09:55	I-26 (Yak-1)		18	7 February 1942	08:33	I-18 (MiG-1)
16	8 January 1942	13:14	SB-2	Guijka	19	16 February 1942	07:45	Il-2
17	20 January 1942	11:23	I-26 (Yak-1)		20	18 February 1942	13:15	I-16
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — 1 May 1942 – 3 February 1943
21	5 May 1942	18:42	Yak-1	Leningrad	29	9 September 1942	18:10?	MiG-3	PQ 11802 35km (22miles) northwest of Volkhov
22	10 May 1942	06:50	P-40	PQ 10621	30	22 October 1942	07:35	I-153	PQ 11762 over Lake Ladoga
23	12 May 1942	11:10	Yak-1	east of Possademkowo	31	6 November 1942	08:22	P-40	northern Leningrad
24	12 May 1942	11:15	Yak-1	PQ 10463	32	16 December 1942	09:35	Pe-2	PQ 11852 40km (30miles) northwest of Volkhov
25	29 May 1942	10:20	SB-3		33	12 January 1943	09:20	Il-2	PQ 10151 southeast of Shlisselburg
26	30 May 1942	05:32	MiG-3		34	12 January 1943	14:08	Yak-1	PQ 10182 vicinity of Shlisselburg
27	30 May 1942	18:34	P-40		35	27 January 1943	09:30	Il-2	PQ 00294 10km (10miles) west of Mga
28	8 June 1942	15:25	P-40		36	27 January 1943	14:40	LaGG-3	PQ 10123 east of Shlisselburg
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — February 1943
37	11 February 1943	09:58	Il-2	PQ 36 Ost 00454 15km (09miles) east-southeast of Sluzk	42	22 February 1943	15:05	Il-2	PQ 36 Ost 10123 east of Shlisselburg
38	11 February 1943	10:00	Il-2	PQ 36 Ost 00424 Pushkin-Mga	43	23 February 1943	07:05	Il-2	PQ 36 Ost 10151 southeast of Shlisselburg
39	15 February 1943	07:50	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 10483 35km (22miles) northeast of Lyuban	44	23 February 1943	11:15	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10172 25km (16miles) northeast of Leningrad
40	18 February 1943	09:35	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10444 30km (20miles) southeast of Mga	45	27 February 1943	08:35	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 10254 30km (20miles) west-southwest of Shlisselburg
41	21 February 1943	13:25	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10454 40km (30miles) northeast of Lyuban
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — March – 31 December 1943
46	13 March 1943	15:16	R-5	PQ 36 Ost 20122, north of Wolchowstroj west of Volkhov	73	2 August 1943	08:51	Yak-7	PQ 36 Ost 10184 east of Mga
47	15 March 1943	15:55	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 18284 30km (20miles) southeast of Staraya Russa	74	2 August 1943	13:19	Yak-7	PQ 36 Ost 10161 southeast of Shlisselburg
48	16 March 1943	15:20	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 18342 20km (10miles) southeast of Staraya Russa	75	2 August 1943	19:22	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10354 20km (10miles) southeast of Mga
49	19 March 1943	10:00	Il-2	PQ 36 Ost 00411 10km (10miles) east of Pushkin	76	7 August 1943	11:05	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 54818 35km (22miles) west-southwest of Bolkhov
50	21 March 1943	12:03	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 00271 15km (09miles) northeast of Pushkin	77	7 August 1943	14:02	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 54684 20km (10miles) southwest of Bolkhov
51	23 March 1943	17:10	P-40	PQ 36 Ost 00412 10km (10miles) east of Pushkin	78	14 August 1943	05:00	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 45772 15km (09miles) west-southwest of Kirov
52	25 March 1943	07:50	Yak-1	PQ 36 Ost 00283 20km (10miles) west of Mga	79	16 August 1943	13:28	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 45752, northwest of Kirov 5km (03miles) northwest of Kirov
53	3 April 1943	18:15	Yak-1	PQ 36 Ost RD 57	80	17 August 1943	08:52	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 44583 20km (10miles) west of Karachev
54	1 June 1943	16:17	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 21774 30km (20miles) north of Volkhov	81	17 August 1943	09:27	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 43663 20km (10miles) southwest of Dmitrowsk
55	5 June 1943	12:13	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 21752 30km (20miles) north of Volkhov	82	20 August 1943	06:22	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 43824 15km (09miles) east-northeast of Sevsk
56	12 June 1943	11:25	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 90131 10km (10miles) west of Lomonossow	83	21 August 1943	16:42	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 43853 15km (09miles) southeast of Sevsk
57	18 June 1943	17:15	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 20174 south of Volchov	84	22 August 1943	06:22	P-39	PQ 35 Ost 4382
58	18 June 1943	17:17	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 20421 30km (20miles) southeast of Volkhov	85	23 August 1943	10:00	P-39	PQ 35 Ost 43893 30km (20miles) southeast of Sevsk
59	22 June 1943	19:22?	LaGG-3	PQ 36 Ost 01751 20km (10miles) north of Leningrad	86	23 August 1943	18:35	P-39	PQ 35 Ost 43851 15km (09miles) southeast of Sevsk
60	12 July 1943	18:27?	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 64863 30km (20miles) southeast of Mtsensk	87	24 August 1943	14:55	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 44472 15km (09miles) east-southeast of Datkovo
61	13 July 1943	06:53	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 63293 55km (34miles) southeast of Oryol	88	28 August 1943	11:47	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 43674 15km (09miles) northeast of Sevsk
62	13 July 1943	06:54	Yak-7	PQ 35 Ost 63261 55km (34miles) east-southeast of Oryol	89	30 August 1943	14:21	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 35611 25km (16miles) southeast of Yelnya
63	13 July 1943	06:56	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 63234 40km (30miles) southeast of Mtsensk	90	31 August 1943	06:47	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 35624 20km (10miles) west-northwest of Spas-Demensk
64	13 July 1943	11:06	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 63283 25km (16miles) southeast of Mtsensk	91	31 August 1943	15:28	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 35582 30km (20miles) south of Yelnya
65	14 July 1943	14:10	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 54353 30km (20miles) southeast of Zhizdra	92	31 August 1943	15:38	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 35384, southwest of Jelnja 5km (03miles) southeast of Yelnya
66	16 July 1943	18:45	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 63524 15km (09miles) west-northwest of Maloarkhangelsk	93	2 September 1943	12:30	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 35381 5km (03miles) southeast of Yelnya
67	17 July 1943	06:42	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 54474 25km (16miles) west-northwest of Bolkhov	94	4 September 1943	17:02	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 35374 5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
68	21 July 1943	17:18	Pe-2	PQ 35 Ost 53462 40km (30miles) south-southwest of Oryol	95	4 September 1943	17:06	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 35371, west of Jelnja 5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
69	28 July 1943	09:14	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10154 southeast of Shlisselburg	96	5 September 1943	11:13	P-39	PQ 35 Ost 25631 20km (10miles) southwest of Yelnya
70	28 July 1943	09:17	Yak-7	PQ 36 Ost 10331 20km (10miles) east-southeast of Mga	97	5 September 1943	13:28	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 26814 20km (10miles) north-northwest of Yartsevo
71	28 July 1943	09:25	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10334 20km (10miles) east-southeast of Mga	98	10 September 1943	10:50	Hurricane	PQ 35 Ost 35372, northwest of Yelnya 5km (03miles) southwest of Yelnya
72	31 July 1943	18:15	La-5	PQ 36 Ost 10243 25km (16miles) east-southeast of Shlisselburg
According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, Ademeit claimed aerial victories 99–104, which were not documented, in the timeframe 18 September to 3 October 1943. These six claims are not listed by Mathews and Foreman.
105	7 October 1943	16:12	La-5	southeast of Kotitschi southeast of Ashitka	118♠	12 October 1943	16:08	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 10131 east of Shlisselburg
106	7 October 1943	16:14	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 01214 Lake Ladoga	119	13 October 1943	15:40	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 01334 70km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk
107	7 October 1943	16:19	La-5	west of Tchernin west of Tschermin	120	14 October 1943	07:40	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 11512 over Lake Ladoga
108	9 October 1943	11:32	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 01334 70km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk	121	20 October 1943	14:11	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 01191
109	10 October 1943	15:55	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 11781 over Lake Ladoga	122	20 October 1943	15:42	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 01391 60km (40miles) northeast of Zelenogorsk
110	10 October 1943	16:15	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 10121 east of Shlisselburg	123	21 October 1943	07:12	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 11793 25km (16miles) northeast of Shlisselburg
111	11 October 1943	10:12	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 01122	124	21 October 1943	07:29	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 10111 vicinity of Shlisselburg
112	11 October 1943	15:51	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 10121 east of Shlisselburg	125	21 October 1943	07:30	Il-2	PQ 35 Ost 11773 over Lake Ladoga
113♠	12 October 1943	08:25	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 10122 east of Shlisselburg	126	21 October 1943	09:52	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 10124 east of Shlisselburg
114♠	12 October 1943	08:30	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 11784 over Lake Ladoga	127	12 December 1943	07:28	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 00154 10km (10miles) south of Leningrad
115♠	12 October 1943	10:43	Pe-2	PQ 35 Ost 11791 over Lake Ladoga	128	12 December 1943	07:30	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 01783 10km (10miles) north of Leningrad
116♠	12 October 1943	10:43	Pe-2	PQ 35 Ost 11791 over Lake Ladoga	129	15 December 1943	07:20	Yak-9	PQ 25 Ost 91393 40km (30miles) southeast of Vyborg
117♠	12 October 1943	11:22	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 11763 over Lake Ladoga	130	17 December 1943	08:08	Yak-9	PQ 35 Ost 00161
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — 1 January – 3 February 1944
131	11 January 1944	14:00	Pe-2	PQ 26 Ost 80874 40km (30miles) south-southeast of Narva	135	15 January 1944	09:15	La-5?	PQ 26 Ost 80821 30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
132	14 January 1944	11:12?	Il-2	PQ 26 Ost 80691 35km (22miles) east-southeast of Narva	136	15 January 1944	09:20	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 80824 30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
133	15 January 1944	09:10	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 80831 40km (30miles) southeast of Narva	137	24 January 1944	14:14	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 80434 Gulf of Finland, northeast of Hungerburg
134	15 January 1944	09:13	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 80822 30km (20miles) southeast of Narva
– Stab I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 54 – Eastern Front — 4 February – 7 August 1944
138	7 February 1944	10:41	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 05132	153	29 June 1944	19:47	P-39	PQ NS-8/1
139	5 March 1944	09:27?	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 70821 25km (16miles) southwest of Narva	154	2 July 1944	08:00	Pe-2	PQ OS-8/2
140	5 March 1944	12:20	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 70832 20km (10miles) southwest of Narva	155	2 July 1944	10:48	P-39	PQ OS-6/4 vicinity of Polotsk
141	5 March 1944	12:45	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 80574 southwest of Narva	156	2 July 1944	17:25	P-39	PQ OT-7/6 northeast of Polotsk
142	9 March 1944	08:46	Il-2?	PQ 26 Ost 70524 45km (28miles) west of Hungerburg	157	3 July 1944	12:35	Yak-9	PQ OS-4/3 vicinity of Polotsk
143	9 March 1944	11:40	Il-2	PQ 26 Ost 80682 30km (20miles) southwest of Narva	158	3 July 1944	12:38	Yak-9	PQ OS-7/6 vicinity of Polotsk
144	18 March 1944	15:43	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 70182 50km (30miles) northeast of Kunda	159	21 July 1944	09:21?	Il-2	PQ OL-2/3
145	19 March 1944	10:35	Yak-9	PQ 26 Ost 80573 vicinity of Hungerburg	160	21 July 1944	09:26	P-39	PQ NM-8/6
146	23 March 1944	11:30?	Yak-9	PQ 26 Ost 70593 55km (34miles) southeast of Kunda	161	21 July 1944	19:09?	La-5	PQ NN-1/8
147	28 March 1944	16:18?	LaGG-3?	PQ 25 Ost 89231 80km (50miles) northeast of Opotschka	162	22 July 1944	09:26	Yak-9	PQ NM-9/7
148	30 March 1944	08:30	La-5	PQ 26 Ost 6025	163	23 July 1944	14:17	Il-2	PQ NN-7/4 vicinity of Daugavpils
149	21 April 1944	14:25	Yak-9	15km (09miles) southwest of Narva	164	23 July 1944	14:20	Yak-9	PQ NN-7/5 vicinity of Daugavpils
150	28 May 1944	08:32	LaGG-3	PQ 26 Ost 70691 15km (09miles) southwest of Narva	165	25 July 1944	13:58	P-39	PQ ON-6/6
151	28 June 1944	08:12?	P-39		166	27 July 1944	15:50	Pe-2	PQ NN-7/5 vicinity of Mitau
152	29 June 1944	04:18	Yak-9	PQ NR-5/3

Awards

• Iron Cross (1939)
  • 2nd Class (7 September 1940)
  • 1st Class (5 September 1941)
• Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe for fighter pilots in Gold and Penant
• Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 8 December 1941 as Leutnant and pilot
• German Cross in Gold on 25 February 1942 as Leutnant in the 1./Jagdgeschwader 54
• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
  • Knight's Cross on 16 April 1943 as Leutnant (war officer) and pilot in the I./Jagdgeschwader 54
  • 414th Oak Leaves on 2 March 1944 as Hauptmann (war officer) and Gruppenkommandeur of the I./Jagdgeschwader 54

See also

• List of people who disappeared

References

Bibliography

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  sv:Christer Bergström

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  . Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat . Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website . 9 February 2018 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20181222042030/http://www.bergstrombooks.elknet.pl/bc-rs/planquadrat.htm . 22 December 2018 . dead.
• Book: Fellgiebel , Walther-Peer .

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  . 2000 . 1986 . Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile . The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches . de . Friedberg, Germany . Podzun-Pallas . 978-3-7909-0284-6.
• Book: Mathews . Andrew Johannes . Foreman . John . 2014 . Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 1 A–F . Walton on Thames . Red Kite . 978-1-906592-18-9.
• Book: Obermaier , Ernst . 1989 . Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 . The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945 . de . Mainz, Germany . Verlag Dieter Hoffmann . 978-3-87341-065-7.
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• Book: Patzwall . Klaus D. . 2008 . Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg . The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War . de . Norderstedt, Germany . Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall . 978-3-931533-08-3.
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• Book: Prien . Jochen . Stemmer . Gerhard . Rodeike . Peter . Bock . Winfried . 2006 . Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 . The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943 . de . Eutin, Germany . Struve-Druck . 978-3-923457-78-6.
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Notes and References

1. For an explanation of the meaning of Luftwaffe unit designation see Luftwaffe Organization
2. Associated Press, "Nazi Air Ace Lost", The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Saturday 30 September 1944, Volume 51, page 1.