| Horatio Clifford Claypool | |
| State: | Ohio |
| District: | 11th |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1911 |
| Term End: | March 3, 1915 |
| Preceded: | Albert Douglas |
| Succeeded: | Edwin D. Ricketts |
| Term Start2: | March 4, 1917 |
| Term End2: | March 3, 1919 |
| Preceded2: | Edwin D. Ricketts |
| Succeeded2: | Edwin D. Ricketts |
| Birth Date: | 9 February 1859 |
| Birth Place: | McArthur, Ohio |
| Death Place: | Columbus, Ohio |
| Restingplace: | Grandview Cemetery, Chillicothe, Ohio |
| Party: | Democratic |
| Alma Mater: | National Normal University |
Horatio Clifford Claypool (February 9, 1859 – January 19, 1921) was a three term U.S. Representative from Ohio. He was the father of Harold Kile Claypool and cousin of John Barney Peterson.
Born in McArthur, Vinton County, Ohio, Claypool attended the common schools, and graduated from National Normal University in Lebanon, Ohio, in 1880.He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1882 and commenced practice in Chillicothe, Ohio.He served as prosecuting attorney of Ross County from 1899 to 1903 and as probate judge of the county from 1905 to 1910.
Claypool was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-second and Sixty-third Congresses (March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1915).He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1914 to the Sixty-fourth Congress.
Claypool was elected to the Sixty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1919).He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1918 to the Sixty-sixth Congress.He resumed the practice of law in Chillicothe, Ohio.
He died in Columbus, Ohio on January 19, 1921.He was interred in Grandview Cemetery, Chillicothe, Ross County, Ohio, USA.