| Charles Honoré d'Albert | |
| Office: | Governor of the Province of Guienne |
| Term Start: | 1698 |
| Term End: | 1712 |
| Birth Name: | Charles Honoré d'Albert |
| Birth Date: | 7 October 1646 |
| Death Place: | Paris, France |
| Residence: | Château de Dampierre |
| Parents: | Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes Louise Marie Séguier, Marquise d'O |
| Children: | Honoré Charles d'Albert de Luynes Marie Anne d'Albert de Luynes Louis Auguste d'Albert de Luynes |
| Relations: | Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes (half-sister) Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes (grandson) Paul d'Albert de Luynes (grandson) Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes (grandfather) Marie de Rohan (grandmother) |
Charles Honoré d'Albert de Luynes (7 October 1646 - 5 November 1712) was a French nobleman and Duke of Luynes. He is best known as the Duke of Chevreuse, his family's subsidiary title which he used until his father's death in 1690. He was a high-ranking French official under King Louis XIV.
He was the eldest son of Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1620–1699), 2nd Duke of Luynes and Louise Marie Séguier, Marquise d'O (1629–1651).[1] [2] After his mother's death, his father remarried to Princess Anne de Rohan-Montbazon (1640–1684), with whom he had five more children, including his half-sister Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes, the mistress of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia. After her death in 1684, his father married, thirdly, to Marguerite d'Aligre in 1685.[3]
The Duke of Chevreuse was the grandson of the French courtier and favourite of Louis XIII, Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes, and the former Marie de Rohan, the infamous duchesse de Chevreuse and one of the leading members of the Fronde.[4]
The duc de Chevreuse was a private advisor of Louis XIV,[5] and a sort of unofficial minister without portfolio. From 1698 until 1712 he was the non-residing governor of the province of Guienne (from the time of Louis XIV onwards the governorship of French provinces was essentially an honorific title and governors were not allowed to reside or even penetrate in their provinces).[6]
Friend of the Duke of Beauvilliers and of the famous archbishop Fénelon, he maintained a steady exchange of correspondence with the latter. It is at the Duke of Chevreuse's estate in Chaulnes (Somme department) that Fénelon wrote his Tables de Chaulnes (1711).
Along with his friends, Chevreuse was a reformist in the circle of the Duke of Burgundy, petit dauphin, grandson of Louis XIV and heir to the throne, advocating a less centralised and absolute monarchy relying more on the aristocracy. His ideas were briefly applied after 1715 (see polysynody), although he did not live long enough to see it.
On 3 February 1667, he was married to Jeanne Marie Colbert (1650–1732) in Paris. She was the daughter of French statesman Jean-Baptiste Colbert, who served as First Minister of State from 1661 until 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. Among her siblings were brothers Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Seignelay and Jacques-Nicolas Colbert, the Archbishop of Rouen. Together, they were the parents of ten children:[7]
He died in Paris on 5 November 1712.[9]
Through his eldest surviving son, he was a grandfather of Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes (1695–1758), 4th duc de Luynes as well as the astronomer Paul d'Albert de Luynes (1703–1788), Cardinal and Archbishop of Sens.[9]
Through his youngest son, he was a grandfather of the astronomer, physicist and freemason Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly (1714–1769), Duke of Picquigny and then Duke of Chaulnes from 1744.[10]