| Honghe Prefecture | |
| Native Name: | Chinese: 红河州 |
| Official Name: | Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture |
| Settlement Type: | Autonomous prefecture |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Yunnan |
| Subdivision Type2: | County-level division |
| Subdivision Name2: | 3 county-level cities 7 counties 3 autonomous counties |
| Seat Type: | Prefecture seat |
| Seat: | Mengzi |
| Established Title: | Prefecture established |
| Established Date: | 6 September 1957 |
| Area Total Km2: | 32929 |
| Population As Of: | 31 December 2019 |
| Population Total: | 4775000 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[1] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Autonomous prefecture |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 286.3 billion US$ 42.2 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 64,768 US$ 9,553 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 661400 |
| Area Code: | 0873 |
| Iso Code: | CN-YN-25 |
| Blank Name: | Licence plate prefixes |
| Blank Info: | Chinese: 云G |
| Website: | HH.gov.cn |
| Elevation Max M: | 3074.3 |
| Elevation Max Point: | Xilongshan, Jinping County |
| Elevation Min Point: | Confluence of the Hong River and Nanxi River in Hekou |
| Elevation Min M: | 76.4 |
| Population Urban: | 33.7% |
| Honghe | |
| Psp: | Hungho |
| S: | 红河 |
| T: | 紅河 |
| W: | Hung2-ho2 |
| P: | Hónghé |
| Psp: | Hungho Hani and I Autonomous Prefecture |
| S: | 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 |
| T: | 紅河哈尼族彝族自治州 |
| W: | Hung2-ho2 Ha1-ni2-tsu2 I2-tsu2 Tzu4-chih4-chou1 |
| P: | Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu |
Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (; Hani: Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel; Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.
In 2008, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.
The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions: 4 county-level cities, 6 counties, and 3 autonomous counties:
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Mengzi City | Chinese: 蒙自市 | 417,200 | 2,228 | 187 | ||
| Gejiu City | Chinese: 个旧市 | 459,800 | 1,597 | 288 | ||
| Kaiyuan City | Chinese: 开远市 | 322,700 | 2,009 | 161 | ||
| Mile City | Chinese: 弥勒市 | 539,700 | 4,004 | 135 | ||
| Lüchun County | Chinese: 绿春县 | 222,200 | 3,167 | 70 | ||
| Jianshui County | Chinese: 建水县 | 531,500 | 3,940 | 135 | ||
| Shiping County | Chinese: 石屏县 | 299,100 | 3,090 | 97 | ||
| Luxi County | Chinese: 泸西县 | 400,700 | 1,674 | 239 | ||
| Yuanyang County | Chinese: 元阳县 | 396,800 | 2,292 | 173 | ||
| Honghe County | Chinese: 红河县 | 296,500 | 2,034 | 146 | ||
| Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County | Chinese: 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县 | 356,200 | 3,677 | 97 | ||
| Hekou Yao Autonomous County | Chinese: 河口瑶族自治县 | 104,600 | 1,313 | 80 | ||
| Pingbian Miao Autonomous County | Chinese: 屏边苗族自治县 | 154,000 | 1,905 | 81 | ||
At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities.[2]
| Nationality | Population | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Han | 1,928,601 | 42.85% | |
| Yi | 1,043,599 | 23.19% | |
| Hani | 789,702 | 17.55% | |
| Hmong | 326,141 | 7.25% | |
| Zhuang | 111,182 | 2.47% | |
| Dai | 106,150 | 2.36% | |
| Yao | 92,759 | 2.06% | |
| Hui | 74,767 | 1.66% | |
| Lahu | 11,430 | 0.25% | |
| Bai | 4,846 | 0.11% | |
| Others | 11,719 | 0.26% | |
| Total | 4,500,896 |
Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:32):
Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:68):
The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches. These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway).
The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).
Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi.[3]