Hong Chaosheng Explained

Hong Chaosheng
Native Name:	洪朝生
Native Name Lang:	zh
Birth Date:	10 October 1920
Birth Place:	Beijing, China
Death Place:	Beijing, China
Fields:	Cryogenics Semiconductor
Workplaces:	Chinese Academy of Sciences
Alma Mater:	Tsinghua University Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Notable Students:	Zhao Zhongxian
Spouse:	Li Ying

Hong Chaosheng (; 10 October 1920 – 19 August 2018) was a Chinese physicist best known for studying cryogenics.^[1] Hong was the teacher of Zhao Zhongxian, a laureate of Highest Science and Technology Award, the highest scientific award issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to scientists working in China.

He was a delegate to the 3rd National People's Congress. He was a member of the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Biography

Hong was born in Beijing on October 10, 1920, to Hong Guantao, a railway engineer and member of Tongmenghui, and Gao Junyuan, daughter of publisher Gao Mengdan .^[2] He had two elder sisters, Hong Jing and Hong Ying . He primarily studied at the Yuying School and secondary studied at Huiwen High School, both were missionary schools.^{[3] [4]} After high school, he studied at Tsinghua University, and then taught at National Southwestern Associated University. He arrived in the United States in 1945 at the age of 25 to begin his education at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts. After university, he worked at Purdue University. In 1950 he went to Netherlands to work at Leiden University.^{[5] [6]}

He returned to China in 1952 and that year became professor of Department of Physics at Tsinghua University, Peking University and the University of Science and Technology of China. He joined the Jiusan Society. In 1953, he became a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he was deputy director in 1978. He was accepted as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980. In September 2005, he was hired as a part-time professor at the Graduate College of Chinese Academy of Sciences.^{[5] [6]}

On August 19, 2018, he died of illness at Beijing, aged 98.^[5]

Personal life

Hong married Li Ying .

Papers

• Hung . C. S. . Gliessman . J. R. . The Resistivity and Hall Effect of Germanium at Low Temperatures . Physical Review . 79 . 4 . 1950-08-15 . 0031-899X . 10.1103/PhysRev.79.726 . 726–727.
• Hung . C. S. . Theory of Resistivity and Hall Effect at Very Low Temperatures . Physical Review . 79 . 4 . 1950-08-15 . 0031-899X . 10.1103/PhysRev.79.727 . 727–728.
• Hung . C. S. . Johnson . V. A. . Resistivity of Semiconductors Containing Both Acceptors and Donors . Physical Review . 79 . 3 . 1950-08-01 . 0031-899X . 10.1103/PhysRev.79.535 . 535–536.
• Hung . C. S. . Thermionic Emission from Oxide Cathodes: Retarding and Accelerating Fields . Journal of Applied Physics . 21 . 1 . 1950-01-01 . 0021-8979 . 10.1063/1.1699417 . 37–44. 1721.1/4920 . free .
• Baum . R. M. . Hung . C. S. . Activation Energy of Heat Treatment Introduced Lattice Defects in Germanium . Physical Review . 88 . 1 . 1952-10-01 . 0031-899X . 10.1103/PhysRev.88.134.2 . 134–135.
• Hung . C.S. . Hunt . B. . Winkel . P. . Transport phenomena of liouid helium II in narrow slits . Physica . 18 . 8-9 . 1952 . 10.1016/S0031-8914(52)80062-X . 629–645.
• Hung . C. S. . Gliessman . J. R. . Resistivity and Hall Effect of Germanium at Low Temperatures . Physical Review . 96 . 5 . 1954-12-01 . 0031-899X . 10.1103/PhysRev.96.1226 . 1226–1236.
• Li . L.-F. . Hong . C.-S. . Li . Y.-Y. . Zhang . Z. . Martensitic transformation in ZrO₂-based ceramics at cryogenic temperatures . Cryogenics . 36 . 1 . 1996 . 10.1016/0011-2275(96)80762-4 . 7–11.

Awards

• 1989 Hu Gangfu Physical Award of Chinese Physical Society
• 2000 International Cryogenic Engineering Council Mendelsohn Prize
• 2011 Samuel Corinth Prize

Notes and References

1. News: Professor HONG Chaosheng . 6 October 2018 . ipc.cas.cn . 2018 . 5 August 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180805012015/http://english.ipc.cas.cn/pe/cm/200708/t20070815_1348.html . dead .
2. News: http://www.sohu.com/a/250340022_372479 . zh:李来风：我的恩师洪朝生先生 . Sohu . 2018-08-27 . zh .
3. News: https://www.guancha.cn/industry-science/2018_08_20_468817_1.shtml . zh:98岁中科院院士洪朝生去世：我国低温物理开创者 . guancha.cn . 2018-08-20 . zh.
4. News: http://www.sohu.com/a/250339948_372479 . zh:送别低温王国拓荒人：洪朝生先生 . Sohu . 2018-08-27 . zh . 2018-10-06 . 2018-10-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181006104650/http://www.sohu.com/a/250339948_372479 . dead .
5. News: https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2362886 . zh:著名物理学家、中国低温物理和低温技术研究开创者洪朝生逝世 . thepaper.cn . 2018-08-20 . zh.
6. News: http://www.xinhuanet.com/science/2016-08/24/c_135629540.htm . https://web.archive.org/web/20181006223452/http://www.xinhuanet.com/science/2016-08/24/c_135629540.htm . dead . October 6, 2018 . zh:洪朝生：科研有道，育人有方 . Xinhuanet . 2016-08-24 . zh.