| National Congress of Honduras | |
| House Type: | Unicameral |
| Leader1 Type: | President |
| Leader1: | Luis Redondo (PSH) |
| Election1: | 25 January 2022 |
| Leader2 Type: | First Vice President |
| Leader2: | Hugo Noé Pino (LIBRE) |
| Leader3 Type: | General Secretary |
| Leader3: | Carlos Zelaya (LIBRE) |
| Members: | 128 65 for a majority |
| Political Groups1: | Government (42):
Opposition (81): Independents (5):
|
| Structure1: | Congreso Nacional Hn 2024.svg |
| Structure1 Res: | 250px |
| Voting System1: | Open list proportional representation |
| Last Election1: | 28 November 2021 |
| Next Election1: | 30 November 2025 |
| Session Room: | Congreso nacional de Honduras.jpg |
| Meeting Place: | Legislative Palace, Tegucigalpa |
| Logo Res: | 250px |
| Election2: | 25 January 2022 |
| Election3: | 25 January 2022 |
The National Congress (Spanish; Castilian: Congreso Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of Honduras.
The Honduran Congress is a unicameral legislature. The nominal President of the National Congress of Honduras is currently Luis Redondo. Its members are 128 deputies, who are elected on a proportional representation basis, by department, to serve four-year terms.
Congress meets in a purpose-built legislative palace (Palacio Legislativo) in the centre of Tegucigalpa. Of a modernist design, it is painted in an array of bright colours and rests on a series of concrete pillars that separate it from the ground.14.1038°N -87.205°W
The current directive of the National Congress for the period 2022–2026:[1]
The directive of the National Congress for the period 2018–2022:[2]
The directive of the National Congress for the period 2014–2018 is:[3]
The directive of the National Congress for the period 2010–2014 is:[4]
The most recent election was held November 2021.
(As each voter can cast many votes, the total number of votes cast cannot be used to assess the voter turnout percentage.)
Some of the opposition parties, particularly the Liberal, LIBRE and PAC have faced internal division. This division had more impact on LIBRE, which led to the dismissal and the resignation of some of their congressional partisans. During the first week of session in 2014, Congressman Eduardo Cotto was expelled from LIBRE for voting in favor of the National/DC/PUD directive integration, which was also supported by the Liberals.[5] On the following months, Cotto joined the DC.[6]
On February 21, 2015, Congresswoman Tatiana Canales announced her incorporation to the Liberal Party, after failed negotiations with PAC.[7] Nonetheless, 3 days later, the authorities of LIBRE decided to expel her (even though she had already resigned) and three other congressmen after they voted against an electoral reform that was introduced to Congress by the former President and current party leader of LIBRE, Manuel Zelaya Rosales. Together, the three expelled congressmen and Canales formed an independent bloc headed by Congresswoman Jenny Murillo.[8]
On April 9, 2015 the National Congress of Honduras processed the resignations of Congressman Hector Enrique Padilla from LIBRE and Substitute Congresswoman Claudia Patricia Molina from the Liberal Party. Since Molina is a substitute congresswoman, this change does not affect the number of members of the Liberal caucus, nonetheless Padilla's resignation reduced the number of LIBRE congressmen to 32. Later on, Padilla joined the independent group formed by former members of LIBRE.[9]
The total number of members of the LIBRE caucus was reduced to 31 after Atlántida congresswoman, Audelia Rodriguez resigned from that party and joined the independent group on May 5, 2015. Rodriguez stated that the lack of direction in LIBRE has led to the impossibility of giving response to the people that elected her, but later she joined to the Christian Democratic Party[10] The Deputy of the independent group Hector Padilla has joined to the Christian Democratic Group, and with the new deputy now they have 3 deputies in the group. In the later months the congresswoman Audelia Rodriguez has joined to the Christian Democratic Party now counting with 4 deputies.[11] [12]
Also in February 2016, LIBRE has expelled the deputies Esdras Amado López and Dennis Antonio Sánchez of Francisco Morazán and Santa Bárbara respectively, based on the reason that they have voted in favour of a new Supreme Court of Justice.[13] [14] Since 4 of PAC's congressmen did not make their vote public during the Supreme Court election, Salvador Nasralla accused them of being now congressmen of the National Party, nonetheless, they have not been formally expelled of the party.[15]
But later, on March 18, the leaders of PAC finally decided to "temporarily suspend" the membership of the 4 of the deputies that participated in the election of a new Supreme Court of Justice. The 4 suspended congressmen are Ana Joselina Fortín, Marlene Alvarenga, Kritza Perez and Oscar Palacios.[16] [17]
In April 2016, the deputy of the independent group Tatiana Canales, finally has decided to return to the Liberal Party of Honduras, with the reason that they have expressed differences with Libre, and its return means that the Liberal caucus has officially 28 deputies. Also on the half of May 2016, the deputy of the independent group Omar Rodríguez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 29 deputies on the caucus. On the final days of the month of May the deputy Dennis Antonio Sánchez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 30 deputies on their caucus, now the party is the second largest political group in the congress.[18] [19] [20]
In July 2016, the deputy of the independent group Yenny Murillo has decided to return to the National Party of Honduras, with the reason that she is feeling changes in the form of life in Honduras, also had said that she is in favour of the reelection but with a regulation that will be established on the Constitution of the Republic, to limit how many times a president can be reelected.[21] [22]
Also in the final week of September 2016, the deputy of the independent group Kritza Pérez has decided finally to be a member of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that in his first party PAC, they don't allow the pluralism of ideas and discrimination against women that they have announced several times on the national media.[23]
On the first days of November 2016, the deputy of the independent group Ana Joselina Fortín has decided to join to the National Party of Honduras based on the reason that she wants the reelection of the current president and to establish limits on how many times a president can be reelected.[24]
On the first days of December 2016, the deputy of the department of Cortés Jaime Enrique Villegas has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party based on the reasons that they had differences with the leaders of the party and they don't allow him to participate on decisions of importance. But later in July 2017 he decided to be a member of the National Party of Honduras and to be candidate for the general election in 2017.[25] [26]
Also on the same month of December 2016 the deputy of Comayagua Liliam Villatoro has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party because she has expressed with the leader of the party Salvador Nasralla and they don't allow her to participate on the sessions of the party with new ideas.[27]
On the half days of July 2017, the deputies Rafael Padilla and David Reyes of the departments of Francisco Morazán and Choluteca respectively, have joined to the Innovation and Unity Party, based on the reason that the two deputies they don't want their original party, the Anticorruption Party to be led by the congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga.[28]
On the first days of August 2017, the deputies of Cortés Fátima Mena and Anibal Cálix has decided to join as deputies of the Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that they don't want to be members of the Anticorruption Party led now by congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga. As of August 2017, none of the elected congressmen of the National Party, PINU, and UD have resigned from their respective party affiliation.[29] [30]
On the last days of September 2017, the deputies of the independent group Walter Banegas and Lilian Villatoro of the departments of Cortés and Comayagua respectively has decided to join as members of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that their original party, the Anticorruption Party no longer exists thus, increasing the Liberal caucus to 33.[31]
On the last days of October 2017, the deputy of Cortés Luis Redondo has decided to join as deputy of the Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that he won't be a member of the Anticorruption party led by congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga.[32]
Honduras also returns deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament.
| Post: | President |
| Body: | the National Congress of Honduras |
| Insignia: | Logo_Congreso_Nacional_2022-2026.jpg |
| Insigniasize: | 120px |
| Insigniacaption: | Logo of the National Congress of Honduras |
| Native Name: | Presidente del Congreso Nacional de Honduras |
| Incumbent: | Luis Redondo |
| Incumbentsince: | 25 January 2022 |
| Style: | Mister/Madam President |
| Appointer: | National Congress |
| Termlength: | Four years |
| Formation: | 29 September 1865 |
| Deputy: | Vice Presidents of the National Congress |
The President of the National Congress of Honduras is the presiding officer (speaker) of the National Congress of Honduras.
| Name | Term | Party | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carlos Alberto Ucles | 1900–1902 | |||
| Rafael Alvarado Guerrero | 1902–1903 | |||
| Fausto Dávila | 1904–1906 | |||
| Francisco Escobar | 1911–1913 | |||
| Rafael Alvarado Manzano | 1914–1915 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Francisco Escobar | 1915-1918 | |||
| Francisco Bográn | 1919-1920 | |||
| Angel Ugarte | 1921 | Liberal Party of Honduras | ||
| Miguel Oqueli Bustillo | 1923 | Liberal Party of Honduras | ||
| Ángel Sevilla Ramírez | 1924 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Ramón Alcerro Castro | 1924 | President of the Constituent Assembly of 1924 | ||
| Venancio Callejas | 1925–1926 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Tiburcio Carías Andino | 1926–1929 | National Party of Honduras | First Time | |
| Antonio C. Rivera | 1929–1930 | National Party of Honduras | First Time | |
| Tiburcio Carías Andino | 1930–1931 | National Party of Honduras | Second Time | |
| Santiago Meza Cálix | 1931–1932 | Liberal Party of Honduras | ||
| Antonio Bográn Mojeron | 1932 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Abraham Williams Calderón | 1932 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Miguel Paz Barahona | 1933–1934 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Ramón Alcerro Castro | 1934–1935 | National Party of Honduras | President of the Constituent Assembly of 1934 | |
| Antonio C. Rivera | 1935–1939 | National Party of Honduras | Second Time | |
| Plutarco Muñoz P. | 1939–1948 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Luciano Milla Cisneros | 1949 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Juan B. Valladares Rodríguez | 1949 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Jose Máximo Gálvez | 1949–1950 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Camilo Gómez y Gómez | 1950–1954 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Francisco Salomón Jiménez Castro | 1954 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Ramón Villeda Morales | 1957 | Liberal Party of Honduras | President of the Constituent Assembly of 1957 | |
| Modesto Rodas Alvarado | 1957–1963 | Liberal Party of Honduras | He was overthrown by the military coup led by Oswaldo López Arellano. | |
| Héctor Orlando Gómez Cisneros | 1963 | Liberal Party of Honduras | He assumed the Presidency of the Congress for a few days, after the military coup led by Oswaldo López Arellano | |
| Mario E. Rivera López | 1965–1971 | National Party of Honduras | He was President of the National Constituent Assembly of 1965 and the National Congress from 1965 to 1971. | |
| Martín Agüero Vega | 1971–1972 | National Party of Honduras | ||
| Roberto Suazo Cordova | 1981 | Liberal Party of Honduras | He was the President of the National Constituent Assembly that drew up the 1982 Honduran Constitution. He was then elected President of Honduras in the Honduran general election, 1981 |
| Name | Term | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efraín Bu Girón | 1982–1986 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| Carlos Orbin Montoya | 1986–1990 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| Rodolfo Irias Navas | 1990–1994 | National Party of Honduras | |
| Carlos Roberto Flores | 1994–1998 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| Rafael Pineda Ponce | 1998–2002 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| Porfirio Lobo Sosa | 2002–2006 | National Party of Honduras | |
| Roberto Micheletti | 2006–2009 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| José Alfredo Saavedra | 2009–2010 | Liberal Party of Honduras | |
| Juan Orlando Hernández | 2010–2014 | National Party of Honduras | |
| Mauricio Oliva | 2014–2022 | National Party of Honduras | |
| Luis Redondo | 2022–present | Savior Party of Honduras |