National Congress of Honduras explained

National Congress of Honduras
House Type:Unicameral
Leader1 Type:President
Leader1:Luis Redondo (PSH)
Election1:25 January 2022
Leader2 Type:First Vice President
Leader2:Hugo Noé Pino (LIBRE)
Leader3 Type:General Secretary
Leader3:Carlos Zelaya (LIBRE)
Members:128
65 for a majority
Political Groups1:Government (42):

Opposition (81):

Independents (5):

Structure1:Congreso Nacional Hn 2024.svg
Structure1 Res:250px
Voting System1:Open list proportional representation
Last Election1:28 November 2021
Next Election1:30 November 2025
Session Room:Congreso nacional de Honduras.jpg
Meeting Place:Legislative Palace, Tegucigalpa
Logo Res:250px
Election2:25 January 2022
Election3:25 January 2022

The National Congress (Spanish; Castilian: Congreso Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of Honduras.

Organization

The Honduran Congress is a unicameral legislature. The nominal President of the National Congress of Honduras is currently Luis Redondo. Its members are 128 deputies, who are elected on a proportional representation basis, by department, to serve four-year terms.

Meeting place

Congress meets in a purpose-built legislative palace (Palacio Legislativo) in the centre of Tegucigalpa. Of a modernist design, it is painted in an array of bright colours and rests on a series of concrete pillars that separate it from the ground.14.1038°N -87.205°W

Directive

2022–2026 legislative period

The current directive of the National Congress for the period 2022–2026:[1]

2018–2022 legislative period

The directive of the National Congress for the period 2018–2022:[2]

2014–2018 legislative period

The directive of the National Congress for the period 2014–2018 is:[3]

2010–2014 legislative period

The directive of the National Congress for the period 2010–2014 is:[4]

Elections

The most recent election was held November 2021.

2021 Legislative elections

(As each voter can cast many votes, the total number of votes cast cannot be used to assess the voter turnout percentage.)

Changes in political groups

Some of the opposition parties, particularly the Liberal, LIBRE and PAC have faced internal division. This division had more impact on LIBRE, which led to the dismissal and the resignation of some of their congressional partisans. During the first week of session in 2014, Congressman Eduardo Cotto was expelled from LIBRE for voting in favor of the National/DC/PUD directive integration, which was also supported by the Liberals.[5] On the following months, Cotto joined the DC.[6]

On February 21, 2015, Congresswoman Tatiana Canales announced her incorporation to the Liberal Party, after failed negotiations with PAC.[7] Nonetheless, 3 days later, the authorities of LIBRE decided to expel her (even though she had already resigned) and three other congressmen after they voted against an electoral reform that was introduced to Congress by the former President and current party leader of LIBRE, Manuel Zelaya Rosales. Together, the three expelled congressmen and Canales formed an independent bloc headed by Congresswoman Jenny Murillo.[8]

On April 9, 2015 the National Congress of Honduras processed the resignations of Congressman Hector Enrique Padilla from LIBRE and Substitute Congresswoman Claudia Patricia Molina from the Liberal Party. Since Molina is a substitute congresswoman, this change does not affect the number of members of the Liberal caucus, nonetheless Padilla's resignation reduced the number of LIBRE congressmen to 32. Later on, Padilla joined the independent group formed by former members of LIBRE.[9]

The total number of members of the LIBRE caucus was reduced to 31 after Atlántida congresswoman, Audelia Rodriguez resigned from that party and joined the independent group on May 5, 2015. Rodriguez stated that the lack of direction in LIBRE has led to the impossibility of giving response to the people that elected her, but later she joined to the Christian Democratic Party[10] The Deputy of the independent group Hector Padilla has joined to the Christian Democratic Group, and with the new deputy now they have 3 deputies in the group. In the later months the congresswoman Audelia Rodriguez has joined to the Christian Democratic Party now counting with 4 deputies.[11] [12]

Also in February 2016, LIBRE has expelled the deputies Esdras Amado López and Dennis Antonio Sánchez of Francisco Morazán and Santa Bárbara respectively, based on the reason that they have voted in favour of a new Supreme Court of Justice.[13] [14] Since 4 of PAC's congressmen did not make their vote public during the Supreme Court election, Salvador Nasralla accused them of being now congressmen of the National Party, nonetheless, they have not been formally expelled of the party.[15]

But later, on March 18, the leaders of PAC finally decided to "temporarily suspend" the membership of the 4 of the deputies that participated in the election of a new Supreme Court of Justice. The 4 suspended congressmen are Ana Joselina Fortín, Marlene Alvarenga, Kritza Perez and Oscar Palacios.[16] [17]

In April 2016, the deputy of the independent group Tatiana Canales, finally has decided to return to the Liberal Party of Honduras, with the reason that they have expressed differences with Libre, and its return means that the Liberal caucus has officially 28 deputies. Also on the half of May 2016, the deputy of the independent group Omar Rodríguez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 29 deputies on the caucus. On the final days of the month of May the deputy Dennis Antonio Sánchez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 30 deputies on their caucus, now the party is the second largest political group in the congress.[18] [19] [20]

In July 2016, the deputy of the independent group Yenny Murillo has decided to return to the National Party of Honduras, with the reason that she is feeling changes in the form of life in Honduras, also had said that she is in favour of the reelection but with a regulation that will be established on the Constitution of the Republic, to limit how many times a president can be reelected.[21] [22]

Also in the final week of September 2016, the deputy of the independent group Kritza Pérez has decided finally to be a member of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that in his first party PAC, they don't allow the pluralism of ideas and discrimination against women that they have announced several times on the national media.[23]

On the first days of November 2016, the deputy of the independent group Ana Joselina Fortín has decided to join to the National Party of Honduras based on the reason that she wants the reelection of the current president and to establish limits on how many times a president can be reelected.[24]

On the first days of December 2016, the deputy of the department of Cortés Jaime Enrique Villegas has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party based on the reasons that they had differences with the leaders of the party and they don't allow him to participate on decisions of importance. But later in July 2017 he decided to be a member of the National Party of Honduras and to be candidate for the general election in 2017.[25] [26]

Also on the same month of December 2016 the deputy of Comayagua Liliam Villatoro has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party because she has expressed with the leader of the party Salvador Nasralla and they don't allow her to participate on the sessions of the party with new ideas.[27]

On the half days of July 2017, the deputies Rafael Padilla and David Reyes of the departments of Francisco Morazán and Choluteca respectively, have joined to the Innovation and Unity Party, based on the reason that the two deputies they don't want their original party, the Anticorruption Party to be led by the congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga.[28]

On the first days of August 2017, the deputies of Cortés Fátima Mena and Anibal Cálix has decided to join as deputies of the Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that they don't want to be members of the Anticorruption Party led now by congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga. As of August 2017, none of the elected congressmen of the National Party, PINU, and UD have resigned from their respective party affiliation.[29] [30]

On the last days of September 2017, the deputies of the independent group Walter Banegas and Lilian Villatoro of the departments of Cortés and Comayagua respectively has decided to join as members of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that their original party, the Anticorruption Party no longer exists thus, increasing the Liberal caucus to 33.[31]

On the last days of October 2017, the deputy of Cortés Luis Redondo has decided to join as deputy of the Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that he won't be a member of the Anticorruption party led by congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga.[32]

Honduras also returns deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament.

President

Post:President
Body:the National Congress of Honduras
Insignia:Logo_Congreso_Nacional_2022-2026.jpg
Insigniasize:120px
Insigniacaption:Logo of the National Congress of Honduras
Native Name:Presidente del Congreso Nacional de Honduras
Incumbent:Luis Redondo
Incumbentsince:25 January 2022
Style:Mister/Madam President
Appointer:National Congress
Termlength:Four years
Formation:29 September 1865
Deputy:Vice Presidents of the National Congress

The President of the National Congress of Honduras is the presiding officer (speaker) of the National Congress of Honduras.

Presidents of the Congress 1900–1982

[33]

NameTermPartyNotes
Carlos Alberto Ucles1900–1902
Rafael Alvarado Guerrero1902–1903
Fausto Dávila1904–1906
Francisco Escobar1911–1913
Rafael Alvarado Manzano1914–1915National Party of Honduras
Francisco Escobar1915-1918
Francisco Bográn1919-1920
Angel Ugarte1921Liberal Party of Honduras
Miguel Oqueli Bustillo1923Liberal Party of Honduras
Ángel Sevilla Ramírez1924National Party of Honduras
Ramón Alcerro Castro1924President of the Constituent Assembly of 1924
Venancio Callejas1925–1926National Party of Honduras
Tiburcio Carías Andino1926–1929National Party of HondurasFirst Time
Antonio C. Rivera1929–1930National Party of HondurasFirst Time
Tiburcio Carías Andino1930–1931National Party of HondurasSecond Time
Santiago Meza Cálix1931–1932Liberal Party of Honduras
Antonio Bográn Mojeron1932National Party of Honduras
Abraham Williams Calderón1932National Party of Honduras
Miguel Paz Barahona1933–1934National Party of Honduras
Ramón Alcerro Castro1934–1935National Party of HondurasPresident of the Constituent Assembly of 1934
Antonio C. Rivera1935–1939National Party of HondurasSecond Time
Plutarco Muñoz P.1939–1948National Party of Honduras
Luciano Milla Cisneros1949National Party of Honduras
Juan B. Valladares Rodríguez1949National Party of Honduras
Jose Máximo Gálvez1949–1950National Party of Honduras
Camilo Gómez y Gómez1950–1954National Party of Honduras
Francisco Salomón Jiménez Castro1954National Party of Honduras
Ramón Villeda Morales1957Liberal Party of HondurasPresident of the Constituent Assembly of 1957
Modesto Rodas Alvarado1957–1963Liberal Party of HondurasHe was overthrown by the military coup led by Oswaldo López Arellano.
Héctor Orlando Gómez Cisneros1963Liberal Party of HondurasHe assumed the Presidency of the Congress for a few days, after the military coup led by Oswaldo López Arellano
Mario E. Rivera López1965–1971National Party of HondurasHe was President of the National Constituent Assembly of 1965 and the National Congress from 1965 to 1971.
Martín Agüero Vega1971–1972National Party of Honduras
Roberto Suazo Cordova1981Liberal Party of HondurasHe was the President of the National Constituent Assembly that drew up the 1982 Honduran Constitution. He was then elected President of Honduras in the Honduran general election, 1981

List of presidents since 1982

NameTermParty
Efraín Bu Girón1982–1986Liberal Party of Honduras
Carlos Orbin Montoya1986–1990Liberal Party of Honduras
Rodolfo Irias Navas1990–1994National Party of Honduras
Carlos Roberto Flores1994–1998Liberal Party of Honduras
Rafael Pineda Ponce1998–2002Liberal Party of Honduras
Porfirio Lobo Sosa2002–2006National Party of Honduras
Roberto Micheletti2006–2009Liberal Party of Honduras
José Alfredo Saavedra
2009–2010Liberal Party of Honduras
Juan Orlando Hernández2010–2014National Party of Honduras
Mauricio Oliva2014–2022National Party of Honduras
Luis Redondo2022–presentSavior Party of Honduras

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Rodríguez. Sandra. La Gaceta confirma a Luís Redondo presidente Legislativo Defensores en Linea. 24 January 2022 . 2022-02-08. es-ES.
  2. Web site: Así se conforma la nueva junta directiva del Congreso Nacional. 23 January 2018.
  3. Web site: Nueva directiva del CN fue electa por 76 diputados – Diario El Heraldo . Elheraldo.hn . 2016-07-31.
  4. Web site: Buscador. Elheraldo.hn. 2016-07-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924024923/http://www.elheraldo.hn/ez/index.php/Ediciones/2010/01/24/Noticias/Unanime-eleccion-de-directiva-del-CN. 2015-09-24. dead.
  5. Web site: Expulsan a Eduardo Cotto | Diario la Tribuna Honduras . 2015-02-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150221233000/http://www.latribuna.hn/2014/01/22/expulsan-a-eduardo-cotto/ . 2015-02-21 .
  6. Web site: Un nuevo en PDCH - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2014-06-27 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160919024258/http://www.latribuna.hn/2014/06/27/un-nuevo-en-pdch/ . 2016-09-19 . dead .
  7. Web site: Honduras . Masiva adhesión de Libres al PL - Diario La Prensa . Laprensa.hn . 2015-02-20 . 2016-07-31.
  8. Web site: Expulsados de Libre forman octava bancada - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2015-02-25 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160919031553/http://www.latribuna.hn/2015/02/25/expulsados-de-libre-forman-octava-bancada/ . 2016-09-19 . dead .
  9. Web site: Honduras: CN da trámite a renuncia irrevocable de diputados de Libre y Partido Liberal . 2015-04-10 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150419110224/http://www.tiempo.hn/nacion/item/26543-honduras-cn-da-tramite-a-renuncia-irrevocable-de-diputados-de-libre-y-partido-liberal . 2015-04-19 .
  10. Web site: Diputada de Libre renuncia y se une a bancada independiente - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2015-05-05 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160919031236/http://www.latribuna.hn/2015/05/05/diputada-de-libre-renuncia-y-se-une-a-bancada-independiente/ . 2016-09-19 . dead .
  11. Web site: Otro diputado de Libre se adhiere a las filas de PDCH - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2015-06-27 . 2016-07-31.
  12. Web site: Diputado abandonó la bancada independiente y se suma a la Democracia Cristiana . 2015-06-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150628211911/http://www.tiempo.hn/nacion/item/37524-diputado-abandono-la-bancada-independiente-y-se-suma-a-la-democracia-cristiana . 2015-06-28 .
  13. Web site: Esdras Amado López y Denis Sánchez ya no tienen cabida en Libre - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2016-02-16 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160309171039/http://www.latribuna.hn/2016/02/16/esdras-amado-lopez-y-denis-sanchez-ya-no-tienen-cabida-en-libre/ . 2016-03-09 . dead .
  14. Web site: Honduras . Expulsados de Libre Esdras López y Denis Sánchez - Diario La Prensa . Laprensa.hn . 2016-02-16 . 2016-07-31.
  15. Web site: Diputados del Pac hoy al banquillo de los acusados - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2016-02-22 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160409183756/http://www.latribuna.hn/2016/02/22/diputados-del-pac-hoy-al-banquillo-de-los-acusados/ . 2016-04-09 . dead .
  16. Web site: Honduras . Consejo Nacional del PAC "desconoce" a cuatro diputados - Diario La Prensa . Latribuna.hn . 2016-03-18 . 2016-07-31.
  17. Web site: El Pac suspende a cuatro diputados - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2016-03-18 . 2016-07-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161109014546/http://www.latribuna.hn/2016/03/18/pac-suspende-cuatro-diputados/ . 2016-11-09 . dead .
  18. Web site: Carlos Morales . Tatiana Canales: Diputada de LIBRE regresa al Partido Liberal . Tiempo.hn . 2016-07-31.
  19. Web site: 2 diputados de Libre vuelven al Partido Liberal - Diario La Tribuna Honduras . Latribuna.hn . 2016-05-15 . 2016-07-31.
  20. Web site: Tres ex diputados de LIBRE regresan al Partido Liberal | ULTIMA HORA | HONDURAS :: Los Jóvenes de Honduras Se Informan Aquí | . Ultimahora.hn . 2016-07-31.
  21. Web site: Radio HRN (@radiohrn) . . 2009-07-09 . 2016-07-31.
  22. Web site: Diputada Jenny Murillo deja a Libre para unirse al Partido Nacional - Noticias | Televicentro . Televicentro.hn . 2016-07-31.
  23. Web site: Partido Liberal se convierte en la segunda fuerza en el Congreso Nacional.
  24. Web site: De la mano de Dios y con el apoyo del pueblo hondureño, voy a ser el próximo presidente de Honduras. 6 November 2016.
  25. Web site: Renuncia al PAC el diputado Jaime Villegas. 7 December 2016.
  26. News: Jaime Villegas buscará diputación con el Partido Nacional (Audio). Diario la Tribuna. 20 July 2017.
  27. Web site: PAC pierde a otra diputada - ULTIMA HORA - HONDURAS :: Los Jóvenes de Honduras Se Informan Aquí -. ultimahora.hn.
  28. Web site: Diputados del Partido Anticorrupción pasan a formar parte del Pinu - Diario El Heraldo.
  29. Web site: ¿Estrategia Política? @FatimaMenaHN y @acalixpac se unen a bancada del @Pinusd_HN. 3 August 2017. 5 September 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170906041118/https://hch.tv/2017/08/03/estrategia-politica-fatimamenahn-y-acalixpac-se-unen-a-bancada-del-pinusd_hn/. 6 September 2017. dead.
  30. Web site: Diputados Fátima Mena y Aníbal Cálix anuncian adhesión a bancada del Pinu. proceso.hn . Processo Digital.
  31. Web site: Diputados propietarios y suplentes del #PAC se unen al @CCEPLH – HCH . 2017-09-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170921194055/https://www.hch.tv/2017/09/21/diputados-propietarios-y-suplentes-del-pac-se-unen-al-cceplh/ . 2017-09-21 . dead .
  32. Web site: De último momento Luis Redondo "se cuela" en planilla de diputados del Pinu-SD. proceso.hn . Processo Digital.
  33. Web site: Presidentes del Congreso Nacional 1900-2014. 11 August 2015.