| Homonhon | |
| Map: | Visayas#Philippines |
| Map Relief: | yes |
| Coordinates: | 10.7556°N 125.7392°W |
| Area Km2: | 105.2 |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Coastline Km: | 57.5 |
| Elevation Ft: | 1,227 |
| Highest Mount: | Homonhon Peak |
| Country: | Philippines |
| Country Admin Divisions Title: | Region |
| Country Admin Divisions: | Eastern Visayas |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 1: | Province |
| Country Admin Divisions 1: | Eastern Samar |
| Population: | 4,722 |
| Population As Of: | 2024 |
| Country Largest City: | Casuguran |
| Country Largest City Population: | 1,032 |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 2: | Municipality |
| Country Admin Divisions 2: | Guiuan |
Homonhon Island is an island in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines, on the east side of Leyte Gulf. The 20km (10miles) long island is part of the municipality of Guiuan, encompassing eight barangays: Bitaugan, Cagusu-an, Canawayon, Casuguran, Culasi, Habag, Inapulangan, and Pagbabangnan.
Mantoconan, an islet just off the northwest corner of Homonhon, is also part of the approximately 7,500 islands comprising the Philippine Archipelago. The island is one of the early Pacific contact sites between the East and the West.
During the first circumnavigation of the globe, Ferdinand Magellan's three surviving vessels passed the Marianas, but did not land,[2] even though he was out of food after crossing the Pacific Ocean. Yet he landed on the island of Homonhon on March 16, 1521.[3] Despite Homonhon being uninhabited at that time, he was detected by the fishing boats of nearby local settlements in Suluan. The local leaders arrived in more boats, receiving him warmly and trading food and supplies with Magellan's crew. Magellan later left for Limasawa Island.[4]
Up to the early Spanish period, Ibabaonon (bygone term for Bisaya of the eastern and northern Samar coast) revered the island as the sacred residence of Makapatag, the male aspect of the supreme diwata Malaon.[5]
List of Barangays in Homonhon island by population (2020 census)
| Bitaugan | 445 | |
| Cagusu-an | 707 | |
| Canawayon | 427 | |
| Casuguran | 964 | |
| Culasi | 446 | |
| Habag | 317 | |
| Inapulagan | 548 | |
| Pagbabangnan | 550 | |
| Total | 4,413 |
The island hosts four large-scale mining operations that are involved in extracting nickel and chromite since the 1980s.[6]