Hockenheimring Explained

Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg
Location:Am Motodrom, Hockenheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Time:CET (UTC+1)
CEST (DST)
Capacity:70,000[1]
Fia Grade:1 (GP)
3 (National)
Events:Current:
DTM (2000–present)
GT World Challenge Europe (2022–2024)
International GT Open (2019, 2024)
European Drag Racing Championship (1986–2019, 2022–present)
Former:
Formula One
German Grand Prix (Intermittently, 1970–2019)
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
German motorcycle Grand Prix (Intermittently, 1957–1994)
World SBK (1988–1997, 1999–2000)
World RX of Hockenheim
(2015–2017)
FIM EWC (1986)
FIA GT (1997–1999, 2004)
World Sportscar Championship (1966–1967, 1977, 1985)
Layout1:Grand Prix Circuit (2002–present)
Surface:Asphalt
Length Km:4.574
Length Mi:2.842
Turns:17
Record Time:1:13.780
Layout2:National Circuit (2002–present)
Surface2:Asphalt
Length2 Km:3.736
Length2 Mi:2.322
Turns2:15
Record Time2:1:19.742
Layout3:Short Circuit (1966–2001)
Surface3:Asphalt
Length3 Km:2.638
Length3 Mi:1.639
Turns3:11
Record Time3:0:57.450
Layout4:Hockenheimring (1994–2001)
Surface4:Asphalt, concrete
Length Km4:6.823
Length Mi4:4.240
Turns4:16
Record Time4:1:41.808
Layout5:Hockenheimring (1992–1993)
Surface5:Asphalt
Length5 Km:6.815
Length5 Mi:4.235
Turns5:16
Record Time5:1:41.591
Layout6:Hockenheimring (1982–1991)
Surface6:Asphalt
Length6 Km:6.802
Length6 Mi:4.227
Turns6:16
Record Time6:1:43.569
Layout7:Hockenheimring (1970–1981)
Surface7:Asphalt
Length7 Km:6.790
Length7 Mi:4.219
Turns7:14
Record Time7:1:48.490
Layout8:Hockenheimring (1966–1970)
Surface8:Asphalt
Length8 Km:6.769
Length8 Mi:4.206
Turns8:10
Record Time8:1:54.600
Layout9:Kurpfalzring (1938–1965)
Surface9:Asphalt
Length9 Km:7.692
Length9 Mi:4.780
Turns9:7
Record Time9:2:31.400
Record Year9:1962
Layout10:Hockenheimer-Dreieck (1932–1938)
Surface10:Asphalt
Length10 Km:12.045
Length10 Mi:7.485
Turns10:9

The Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg (pronounced as /de/) is a motor racing circuit situated in the Rhine valley near the town of Hockenheim in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Amongst other motor racing events, it has hosted the German Grand Prix, most recently in 2019. The circuit has very little differences in elevation. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 licence.[2]

History

1932–1938

Originally called "Dreieckskurs" (triangle course), the Hockenheimring was built in 1932. The man behind it is Ernst Christ, a young timekeeper who felt that a racing track should be built in his hometown of Hockenheim. He submitted the plans to the mayor and they were approved on Christmas day, in 1931. This first layout of the track was around twelve kilometres long and consisted of a large triangle-like section, a hairpin in the city and two straights connecting them.

1938–1965

In 1938, the circuit dramatically shortened, from twelve kilometres down to just over seven and a half, and the Ostkurve corner, which lasted until 2001, was introduced for the first time. In that year, the track was also renamed to "Kurpfalzring". The track was damaged by tanks during World War II. After the war, the track was repaired, and renamed to "Hockenheimring". Former DKW and NSU factory rider and world record setter Wilhelm Herz became the manager of the track in 1954 and promoted the track successfully; Grand Prix motorcycle racing events were held, with the German motorcycle Grand Prix alternating between the Hockenheimring and other tracks. This version of the circuit was just over seven and a half kilometres long and consisted of the original two long straights, with the Ostkurve in the forest and the original hairpin inside Hockenheim joining them together.

1965–2001

In 1965, when the new Autobahn A 6 separated the village from the main part of the track, a new version of Hockenheim circuit was built, with the "Motodrom" stadium section, designed by John Hugenholtz, who also designed Suzuka. After Jim Clark was killed on 7 April 1968 in a Formula 2 racing accident, two fast chicanes were added and the track was lined with crash barriers in 1970. A small memorial was placed near the first chicane (which was named after him), at the site of his accident. In 1982, another chicane was added at the Ostkurve (east curve), after Patrick Depailler was killed there in 1980, and the first chicane was made slower as well. For the 1992 German Grand Prix, the Ostkurve was changed yet again, from a quick left turn into a more complex right-left-right chicane, after Érik Comas crashed there in 1991. The second chicane was renamed after Ayrton Senna, after his death at the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix.

This version used to be quite large, with a very long and very fast section going through forests essentially consisting of four straights of roughly, separated by a chicane sequence, followed by a more tight and twisty "stadium" section (so called because of all the grandstands situated there) named Motodrom. This made the setting up of racing cars difficult, since a choice had to be made – whether to run low downforce to optimize speed through the straights and compromise grip in the stadium section, or, run more downforce to optimize grip through the stadium section and compromise speed on the straights. The long track length also meant that a typical Formula One race had only 45 laps, limiting the spectators' experience of the race to only that many passes through the stadium.

During the mid-1980s "turbo era" of Formula One where fuel was restricted to either 220 (1984–1985), 195 (1986–1987) or 150 (1988) litres for races for the turbo powered cars, Hockenheim also saw drivers, including World Champion Alain Prost, at times fail to finish due to simply running out of fuel near the end of the race. Prost ran out at the end of the 1986 race, pushing his McLaren towards the line before giving up. He was placed 3rd when he ran dry and was eventually classified 6th, gaining a valuable championship point that would help him with his second World Championship.

Many problems came to light during the 2000 German Grand Prix, which was won by Brazilian driver Rubens Barrichello from having started 18th on the grid. The race finished in changeable weather conditions, with pouring rain in the stadium sector and almost completely dry forest straights. All the overtaking moves that took place during the race were in the chicanes of the forest sector, meaning hardly any spectators saw most of the best action. Midway through the race, a former Mercedes-Benz employee, who had been dismissed, breached the track's security barriers on the first forest straight, showing vulnerable security facilities in the forest and leading to the deployment of the safety car that neutralized a comfortable lead for the two Mercedes-powered McLarens. Later on, French driver Jean Alesi collided with Brazilian Pedro Diniz in the braking zone for the third chicane and his car spun uncontrollably down the track, which caused him to suffer dizziness for three days.

These events prompted much protest from the FIA to greatly improve spectator viewing, safety, and security at the track, claiming that the track was no longer suited to modern Formula One racing.

2002 redesign

In the early 2000s, F1 officials demanded the 6.823km (04.24miles) track be shortened and threatened to discontinue racing there, threatening to relocate to other tracks such as the EuroSpeedway Lausitz and sites in Asia. The state government of Baden-Württemberg secured the financing for the redesign by Hermann Tilke for the 2002 German Grand Prix. The stadium section remained mostly intact, despite a new surface and a tighter Turn 1 ("Nordkurve"). However, the circuit was dramatically shortened, with the long, forested straights section chopped off in favour of more tight corners. More than half of the first straight and almost all of the straight between the Ostkurve and Senna chicane were cut and the rest was connected with a new long straight called the "Parabolika", with a small kink being added between the first straight and the new one. A small right-left-right complex was added to the remaining part of the final straight, with a new grandstand overlooking it. In an extremely controversial move, the old forest section was torn up and replanted with trees, eliminating any chance of using the old course either for future F1 events or for historic car events.

There was and still remains a great deal of criticism of the track redesign, in terms of ruining the previous unique technical challenges of the old Hockenheim circuit and delivering a new homogenised "assembly line" circuit without the character of the previous layout, whilst being beset by the perceived problems of other Tilke circuits.[3] Several drivers and team principals, including Ron Dennis, Jarno Trulli and Juan Pablo Montoya, criticised the changes and stated their preference for the old circuit.[4]

The change in the track layout also saw the installation of a new memorial to Jim Clark. This is located at the outside of the current track's turn 2, where the old track continued out into the forests, and the new shortened track turns to the right.[5]

The new track has a seating capacity of 120,000, due to new large grandstands sponsored by Mercedes-Benz. The complex also features a quarter-mile track for drag racing. It hosts one of the largest drag racing events in Europe, known as the NitrOlympx, and was one of the last Top Fuel circuits to race to 0.25miles before the FIA switched the nitro categories to the now-recognised 1000feet distance in 2012.

Formula One

The Hockenheim Circuit hosted the German Grand Prix for the first time in 1970 when the F1 drivers decided at the French Grand Prix to boycott the allegedly dangerous Nürburgring unless major changes were made. The next year the German Grand Prix went back to the Nürburgring until the 1976 German Grand Prix. From to, the Hockenheimring hosted the German Grand Prix with the exception of 1985, when the race was held at the reconfigured Nürburgring.

In July 2006, Bernie Ecclestone announced that from 2007 onwards, there would be only one Grand Prix per year in Germany. Since, there had been two Grands Prix every year in Germany; the German Grand Prix at Hockenheim, plus either the European Grand Prix or the Luxembourg Grand Prix at the Nürburgring. From 2007, the Nürburgring and Hockenheimring alternated hosting the German Grand Prix, starting with the Nürburgring in 2007.Ongoing deficits of the Formula One races, amounting to up to 5.3 million Euro per race that had to be covered by the local communities, made it likely the contract between the Hockenheimring and Formula One Management would not be extended after the Grand Prix of 2010.[6] However, in October 2009 the contract for the circuit to hold the German GP was extended to 2018, with the FOA agreeing to cover any losses the event incurs.[7] Neither Hockenheim nor the Nürburgring hosted a Grand Prix in 2015 or 2017 after the Nürburgring failed to complete an agreement with Formula 1's commercial rights holder Bernie Ecclestone.[8]

Drag racing (NitrolympX – Rico Anthes Quartermile)

From 1986 to 1988, the start–finish straight was used for 1/8 mile drag racing. In 1989, a proper drag strip was built by connecting the Opel-Kurve and the first turn entering the Motodrom section. The finish line was at the beginning of the forest, with a very long run-off on the straight in the forest. Competitors had to travel around the full race track in opposite direction to return to the paddock.

The drag strip is only used for two events in August, the Public Race Days and the main event a week later. Originally named the Nitrolympics and featuring Top Fuel dragsters, it was renamed to NitrolympX.

When the Hockenheimring was shortened in 2002, the drag strip was moved back, closer to the new tall Tower stands that allow an unusual view along the drag strip.[9] Even though the run off was cut in half it remains one of the longest in drag racing. The NitrolympX usually host most European Drag Racing Championship, sanctioned by FIA or FIM, plus jet dragsters and other entertaining events on the Saturday night show that draws 40,000 spectators.[10]

The drag strip in 2008 was christened Rico Anthes Quartermile after the German former Top Fuel driver and long-time organizer of the NitrolympX had retired in 2007. As the dragstrip can only be prepared for professional drag racing after the last major circuit event, mainly the Formula One race, the grip is often sub par compared to permanent drag strips that host two Euro Championship events each year, like Santa Pod Raceway in England or Tierp Arena in Sweden. The best performances on the full quarter-mile were significantly below those in Santa Pod, and the best ET was set in 2005: 4.873 sec. and 458 km/h by Brady Kalivoda (USA).[11]

In 2012, some Pro classes could not find traction as Formula One had demanded a new surface. In subsequent years, the organizers provided a better track, with support from Santa Pod personnel and machinery. In 2016, Hockenheim, and mainland Europe, finally saw the first 3-second Top Fuel 1000 ft passes, with 3.939 sec. and by Anita Mäkelä (FIN). An overall European record for Super Street Bike was set by Garry Bowe (GB) with 7.04s .[12]

DTM

The DTM (Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters) series has regularly raced at the Hockenheimring since its revival in 2000. In most years, the DTM has competed there twice during a season.

Rallycross

Located in the stadia section of the track, the rallycross track uses a section of track from turns 11 to 16, combined with a dirt section in front of the grandstands. It hosted first ever World RX of Hockenheim, round 2 of FIA World Rallycross Championship in 2015 as supporting event of DTM. WRX also combined with the DTM for an event there in 2017.[13]

Layout history

Previous configurations

Lap records

Official record lap times are only set during the race. The fastest ever lap on the track is 1:11.212 set by Sebastian Vettel in a Ferrari SF71H during qualifying at the 2018 German Grand Prix. As of July 2024, the fastest official race lap records at the Hockenheimring are listed as:

CategoryTimeDriverVehicleEvent
Current Grand Prix Circuit: 4.574 km (2002–present)[14]
1:13.780 2004 German Grand Prix
1:23.110 2010 Hockenheim GP2 round
1:24.895[15] 2002 Hockenheim Interserie round
1:28.921[16] 2010 Hockenheim Formula Renault 3.5 Series round
1:29.654[17]
1:30.401[18]
1:31.198 2014 Hockenheim GP3 Series round
1:32.271[19] 2017 Hockenheim F3 round
1:32.456[20]
1:32.536[21] 2019 2nd Hockenheim DTM round
1:33.039[22] 2019 Hockenheim Euroformula Open round
1:35.099[23] 2023 Hockenheim Ultimate Cup Series round
1:37.094[24] 2023 Hockenheim FREC round
1:38.061[25] 2019 Hockenheim International GT Open round
1:38.151[26] 2004 FIA GT Hockenheim 500km
1:38.770[27] 2018 Hockenheim Formula Renault Eurocup round
1:40.724[28] 2017 Hockenheim ADAC Formula 4 round
1:40.785[29] 2024 Hockenheim GT2 European Series round
1:41.153[30] 2023 Hockenheim Porsche Carrera Cup Benelux round
1:41.406 2004 FIA GT Hockenheim 500km
1:41.459[31] 2010 Hockenheim GTSprint Series round
1:42.480[32] 2003 Hockenheim Formula Volkswagen Germany round
1:43.093[33] 2022 Hockenheim Ferrari Challenge Europe round
1:44.722[34] 2011 Hockenheim ADAC Formel Masters round
1:45.098[35] 2006 1st Hockenheim Formula BMW ADAC Round
1:45.491[36] 2010 Hockenheim Eurocup Mégane Trophy round
1:47.377[37] 2023 Hockenheim ADAC GT4 Germany round
1:48.298[38] 2019 Hockenheim TCR Europe round
1:49.147[39] 2004 Hockenheim ETCC round
1:49.793[40] 2019 Hockenheim Alpine Elf Europa Cup round
2:00.126[41] 2022 Hockenheim Renault Clio Cup Europe round
National Circuit: 3.736 km (2002–present)
1:19.742[42] 2010 2nd Hockenheim F3 Euro Series round
1:20.120[43]
1:26.421[44] 2023 Hockenheim IDM Superbike round
1:28.683[45] 2023 Hockenheim IDM Supersport round
1:30.426[46] 2010 2nd Hockenheim Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round
1:32.160[47] 2019 Hockenheim NASCAR Euro Series round
1:36.928[48] 2022 Hockenheim IDM Supersport 300 round
1:37.954[49] 2023 Hockenheim Northern Talent Cup round
Short Circuit 1: 2.638 km (2002–present)
0:56.542[50] 2002 1st Hockenheim German F3 round
0:57.879[51] 2002 1st Hockenheim DTM round
1:00.467[52] 2005 Hockenheim Formula Renault 2.0 Germany round
1:02.456[53] 2002 1st Hockenheim Formula BMW ADAC Round
1:04.849[54] 2002 Hockenheim V8Star round
1:15.018[55] 2002 1st Hockenheim Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round
Short Circuit 2: 2.604 km (2002–present)
Hockenheimring Grand Prix Circuit: 6.823 km (1994–2001)
1:41.808 2001 German Grand Prix
1:58.633[56] 1995 Hockenheim F3000 round
2:00.333[57] 1998 FIA GT Hockenheim 500km
2:07.288[58]
2:07.899[59] 1998 FIA GT Hockenheim 500km
2:07.995[60] 1996 2nd Hockenheim ITC round
2:08.134[61] 2001 2nd Hockenheim German F3 round
2:17.924[62] 2000 2nd Hockenheim Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round
2:18.726[63] 1997 Hockenheim STW Cup round
Hockenheimring Short Circuit: 2.638 km (1966–2001)
0:57.450[64] 2001 Hockenheim Interserie round
0:58.472[65] 2001 1st Hockenheim German F3 round
0:59.050[66] 1988 Hockenheim ADAC Supercup round
1:00.976[67] 2001 1st Hockenheim DTM round
1:01.417[68] 1996 1st Hockenheim ITC round
1:01.943[69] 2001 Hockenheim Formula Renault 2000 Germany round
1:03.505[70] 1999 FIA GT Hockenheim 500km
1:04.000[71]
1:05.068[72] 1999 Hockenheim STW Cup round
1:05.227[73] 2001 1st Hockenheim Formula BMW ADAC Round
1:05.350[74]
1:05.390[75] 1980 Internationaler ADAC Hessen-Cup
1:06.478[76] 2001 1st Hockenheim Porsche Carrera Cup Germany round
1:07.112[77] 2001 Hockenheim V8Star round
1:14.671[78] 2001 Hockenheim Formula Volkswagen Germany round
1:24.200[79] 1967 Hockenheim Grand Touring race
Hockenheimring Grand Prix Circuit: 6.815 km (1992–1993)
1:41.591 1992 German Grand Prix
1:55.381[80] 1992 Hockenheim F3000 round
2:12.180[81]
2:13.310[82]
Hockenheimring Grand Prix Circuit: 6.802 km (1982–1991)
1:43.569 1991 German Grand Prix
1:54.710[83] 1991 Rennsport-Festival Hockenheim
1:56.969[84] 1991 Hockenheim F3000 round
1:59.410[85] 1986 Hockenheim ADAC Supercup round
2:01.210[86] 1984 1st Hockenheim F2 round
2:13.350[87]
Hockenheimring Grand Prix Circuit (1970–1981); Motorcycling Circuit (1982–2001): 6.790 km
1:48.490[88] 1980 German Grand Prix
1:53.300[89] 1971 ADAC-Preis von Baden Württemberg und Hessen in Hockenheim
1:57.090[90] 1980 2nd Hockenheim F2 round
1:58.390[91] 1981 1st Hockenheim DRM round
1:58.586 1994 German motorcycle Grand Prix
1:59.600[92] 1971 Hockenheim F5000 round
1:59.885[93] 2000 Hockenheim World SBK round
2:02.100[94] 1974 Int. AvD Preis der Nationen Hockenheim
2:04.820 1994 German motorcycle Grand Prix
2:06.323[95] 2000 Hockenheim World SSP round
2:09.800[96] 1980 Hockenheim BMW M1 Procar round
2:10.444 1991 German motorcycle Grand Prix
2:11.400[97] 1976 3rd Hockenheim DRM round
2:14.000[98] 1975 2nd Hockenheim DRM round
2:17.301 Honda RS125 1993 German motorcycle Grand Prix
2:18.000 1979 German motorcycle Grand Prix
2:18.300[99] 1974 Int. ADAC-Südwestpokal-Rennen Hockenheim
2:19.420[100] 1980 Hockenheim French Formula Renault round
2:46.050 1983 German motorcycle Grand Prix
Hockenheimring Grand Prix Circuit: 6.769/6.789 km (1966–1970)[101]
1:54.600[102] 1969 Hockenheim F5000 round
1:57.800[103] 1968 Internationales Solitude-Rennen auf dem Hockenheimring
1:58.700[104] 1970 Jim Clark-Rennen/Deutschland Trophäe
2:10.400[105]
2:20.200[106] 1969 Intern. Solitude-Rennen auf dem Hockenheimring
2:26.300[107] 1967 MHSTC/AvD 100 Meilen von Hockenheim
Kurpfalzring: 7.692 km (1938–1965)
2:31.400[108] 1962 Hockenheim Grand Touring race
2:33.926[109] 1955 Hockenheim Sports Car race

Events

Current events
Former

Music events

Fatal accidents

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Hockenheimring. 6 November 2020.
  2. Web site: List of FIA Licensed Circuits. 6 February 2015. FIA. 28 May 2015.
  3. Web site: Is Hermann Tilke Slowly Killing Formula One? . 15 September 2008 . Bleacher Report . 3 July 2016 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080915023255/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/51822-is-hermann-tilke-slowly-killing-formula-one . 15 September 2008 .
  4. Web site: Changing tracks: Hockenheimring . F1Fanatic . 22 July 2010 . Collantine . Keith . 9 January 2016.
  5. Web site: Jim Clark Memorial, Hockenheimring . www.youtube.com. 4 September 2011 .
  6. http://www.focus.de/sport/formel1/formel-1-hockenheim-muss-um-formel-1-bangen_aid_332979.html Hockenheim muss um Formel 1 bangen
  7. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/8283837.stm Hockenheim holds on to German GP
  8. http://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/hockenheim-rules-out-hosting-german-gp/ Hockenheim rules out hosting German GP
  9. Web site: Nitrolympx 2016 Final Run Top Fuel Dragster Micke Kagered vs. Anita Mäkelä. Axel Schirdewahn. 24 August 2016 . YouTube.
  10. Web site: NitrolympX Facebook page . Facebook.
  11. Web site: Hockenheim 2005 - aus Kath Bros. Sicht!. www.dragracing.de. 6 November 2020.
  12. Web site: Top-Fuel-Pilotin Anita Mäkelä fährt erste 3-Sekunden-Zeit in Hockenheim - Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg. www.hockenheimring.de. 27 December 2018. 1 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190401151003/https://www.hockenheimring.de/news/top-fuel-pilotin-anita-maekelae-faehrt-erste-3-sekunden-zeit-hockenheim. dead.
  13. Web site: Go under the hood of an unstoppable WRX machine . redbull.com.
  14. Web site: Hockenheimring - RacingCircuits . RacingCircuits.info . 1 May 2022.
  15. Web site: Interserie Hockenheim 2003 . 12 April 2003 . 21 December 2022.
  16. Web site: 2010 Round 7: Hockenheim Formula Renault 3.5 Series Race 2 (44' +1 lap) Final Classification . 5 September 2010 . 30 March 2024.
  17. Web site: 2002 Hockenheim F3000 . . 27 July 2000 . 7 April 2023.
  18. Web site: DTM 2019 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 2 Results . 5 May 2019 . 10 May 2022.
  19. Web site: 2017 Hockenheim European F3 . . 15 October 2017 . 10 May 2022.
  20. Web site: DTM 2017 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 18 Results . 15 October 2017 . 30 March 2024.
  21. Web site: DTM 2019 Hockenheim II . 5 October 2019 . 8 December 2022.
  22. Web site: 2019 EuroFormula Open Hockenheim (Race 2) . 26 May 2019 . 25 January 2023.
  23. Web site: 2023 Ultimate Cup Series Round 03 Hockenheimring Endurance Proto Challenge 4H Endurance - Final Classification . 28 May 2023 . 31 May 2023.
  24. Web site: 2023 DTM Hockenheim Formula Regional Championship by Alpine Race 2 Final Classification . 22 October 2023 . 22 October 2023.
  25. Web site: 2019 Hockenheimring International GT Open Race - 2 Provisional Classification by Driver Fastest Lap . 25 May 2019 . 27 April 2022.
  26. Web site: FIA GT Championship Hockenheim 2004 . 16 May 2004 . 10 May 2022.
  27. Web site: 2018 Formula Renault 2.0 Hockenheim Race 1 Statistics . 22 September 2018 . 29 April 2023.
  28. Web site: 2017 ADAC Formula 4 Hockenheim Race 1 Statistics . 23 September 2017 . 10 May 2022.
  29. Web site: 2024 Fanatec GT WorldChEU pwrd by AWS Sprint Cup Round 5 - Fanatec GT2 European Series pwrd by Pirelli - Race 1 - Result List - Final Classification . 21 July 2024 . 21 July 2024.
  30. Web site: 2023 Festival of Dreams Porsche Cup Benelux Race 1 Hockenheimring . 10 June 2023 . 12 June 2023.
  31. Web site: GTSprint Hockenheim 2010 . 13 June 2010 . 1 July 2022.
  32. Web site: Formual Volkswagen 14-15 July - Result 4th round, Hockenheimring, June 15, 2003 (15 laps) . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303223635/http://www.vwmotorsport.com/ViewArticle.aspx?article_id=29 . 16 September 2001 . 3 March 2016 . 30 May 2024 . dead.
  33. Web site: 2022 Trofeo Pirelli Hockenheim Race 2 (30 Minutes) Final Classification . 24 July 2022 . 25 January 2023.
  34. Web site: ADAC Masters Weekend,GP Weingarten,Hockenheimring 30.09. - 02.10.2011 ADAC Formel Masters Ergebnis Rennen 2 . 2 October 2011 . 27 July 2022.
  35. Web site: 2006 Formula BMW ADAC Hockenheim (Race 2) . 9 April 2006 . 10 July 2022.
  36. Web site: 2010 Round 5: Hockenheim Eurocup Mégane Trophy Race 2 (40' +1 lap) Final Classification . 5 September 2010 . 25 June 2022.
  37. Web site: 2023 DTM Hockenheim ADAC GT4 Germany Race 2 Final Classification . 22 October 2023 . 22 October 2023.
  38. Web site: TCR EU 2019 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 4 Results . 26 May 2019 . 27 April 2022.
  39. Web site: ETCC 2004 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 8 Results . 16 May 2004 . 27 April 2022.
  40. Web site: 2019 Hockenheimring - Alpine ELF Europa Cup - Race - 1 - Provisional Results . 25 May 2019 . 20 June 2024.
  41. Web site: 2022 Clio Cup Series Hockenheimring Race 2 Final Results . 3 September 2022 . 30 July 2023.
  42. Web site: 2010 Hockenheim European F3 . . 17 October 2010 . 10 May 2022.
  43. Web site: DTM 2010 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 9 Results . 17 October 2010 . 10 May 2022.
  44. Web site: IDM Finale Hockenheimring 22–24 September 2023 IDM Superbike Race 2 . 24 September 2023 . 24 September 2023.
  45. Web site: IDM Finale Hockenheimring 22–24 September 2023 IDM Supersport Race 1 . 24 September 2023 . 24 September 2023.
  46. Web site: 2010 Porsche Cup Deutschland Hockenheim 2 . 17 May 2014 . 30 March 2024.
  47. Web site: 2019 American Fan Fest Round 1 . 21 September 2019 . 24 May 2021.
  48. Web site: 2022 IDM Hockenheimring IDM SSP 300 Race 1 - amended . 24 September 2022 . 25 January 2023.
  49. Web site: IDM Finale Hockenheimring 22–24 September 2023 IDM Northern Talent Cup Race 2 . 24 September 2023 . 24 September 2023.
  50. Web site: XIV ADAC Preis von Hockenheim F3 (Race 2) . 20 April 2002 . 30 March 2024.
  51. Web site: DTM 2002 » Hockenheimring Short Round 1 Results . 21 April 2002 . 24 April 2022.
  52. Web site: 2005 Formula Renault 2000 Germany Hockenheim (Race 2) . 22 May 2005 . 14 May 2024.
  53. Web site: 2002 Formula BMW ADAC Hockenheim (Race 1) . 20 April 2002 . 30 March 2024.
  54. Web site: 2002 V8 STAR Hockenheim (Race 2) . 11 May 2002 . 14 May 2024.
  55. Web site: 2002 Porsche Cup Deutschland Hockenheim . 21 April 2002 . 30 March 2024.
  56. Web site: 1995 Hockenheim F3000 . . 29 July 1995 . 10 May 2022.
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  58. Web site: DTM 2001 » Hockenheimring Grand Prix Round 10 Results . 7 October 2001 . 25 January 2023.
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