This is a list of rulers of Bengal. For much of its history, Bengal was split up into several independent kingdoms, completely unifying only several times. In ancient times, Bengal consisted of the kingdoms of Pundra, Suhma, Vanga, Samatata and Harikela.
In the 4th century BCE, during the reign of the Nanda Empire, the powerful rulers of Gangaridai sent their forces with the war elephants which led the withdrawal of Alexander the Great from the Indian subcontinent.[1]
With the rise of Gopala in 750 AD, Bengal was united once more under the Buddhist and Shaivite Pala Empire. The Pala period is considered as one of golden eras of Bengali history as it brought stability and prosperity to Bengal after centuries of Civil War, created outstanding works of art and architecture, proto-Bengali language develop under them including its first literary work, the Charyapada and so on. Until the 12th century than being succeeded by the Buddhist and Hindu Chandra dynasty, Sena dynasty and Deva dynasty. The rule of deva dynasty was a period of peace, prosperity and creative excellence and may be designed as "golden age" After them, Bengal was ruled by the Hindu Maharajas of kingdoms such as Chandradwip and Cooch Behar.
In the early 13th century, Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji conquered Western and part of Northern Bengal,[2] and established the first Muslim kingdom in Bengal.[3] The Islamic Mamluk Sultanate, the Khalji dynasty, the Turko-Indian Tughlaq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and the Lodi dynasty ruled Bengal for over 320 years.[4] Notable was Malik Altunia's reign with his wife Razia Sultana, the only female sovereign ruler.
Following Delhi Sultanate's reign, the Bengal Sultanate, a major trading nation in the world,[5] was founded by Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, and ruled by the Ilyas Shahi dynasty, succeeded by the Hussain Shahi dynasty founded by Alauddin Husain Shah, which saw the extension of the sultanate to the port of Chittagong, witnessing the arrival of the earliest Portuguese merchants.
See main article: History of Bengal.
| Ancient region | Modern region | |
|---|---|---|
| Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division in Bangladesh; Malda division of West Bengal in India | ||
| Khulna Division and Barisal Division in Bangladesh; West of the Padma river. | ||
| Mithila area of India and Nepal | ||
| Modern Malda and Murshidabad districts of West Bengal, India | ||
| Burdwan division, Medinipur division and Presidency division of West Bengal in India | ||
| Corresponds to the modern Bardhaman, Bankura, Hooghly and Nadia districts of West Bengal in India | ||
| Dhaka Division, Barisal Division and Chittagong Division in Bangladesh | ||
| Sylhet Division, Chittagong Division, Dhaka Division and Barisal Division in Bangladesh |
The founders of Angas, Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras, Odras and Suhmas shared a common ancestry. They were all adopted sons of a king named Bali, born by a sage named Gautama Dirghatamas, who lived in Magadha close to the city of Girivraja.[6]
See main article: Anga.
See also: Magadha-Anga war.
The earliest mention occurs in the Atharvaveda (V.22.14) where they are listed alongside the Magadhas, Gandharis and the Mujavatas.[7] Anga was annexed by Magadha in the time of Bimbisara. This was the one and only conquest of Bimbisara.[8]
Known Anga rulers are-
See main article: Vanga Kingdom.
Vanga was an ancient kingdom and geopolitical division on the Ganges delta. It was located in southern Bengal, with the core region including present-day southwestern Bangladesh and southern West Bengal (India).[9]
Known Vanga rulers are:
See main article: Pundravardhana.
Pundravardhana or Pundra Kingdom, was an ancient kingdom, that included parts of present-day Rajshahi and Rangpur Divisions of Bangladesh as well as the West Dinajpur district of West Bengal in India.[10] [11]
Known Pundra rulers are:
See main article: Suhma Kingdom.
Suhma Kingdom was an ancient state during the Vedic period on the eastern part of the Bengal.This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata along with its neighbouring kingdom Prasuhma.[12]
See main article: Videha and Mithila (region).
See also: History of Mithila Region.
Tirabhukti or Mithila region is bounded by the Mahananda River in the east, the Ganges in the south, the Gandaki River in the west and by the foothills of the Himalayas in the north.[13]
Mithila region firstly ruled by Videha dynasty. There were 52 Janaka (kings) ruled Videha dynasty of Mithila-[14]
During this period of fall of Videha dynasty, the famous republic of Licchavi was rising in Vaishali and Mithila region came under control of Licchavi clan of Vajji confederacy in around eighth century BCE.[16]
See main article: Gangaridai.
Gangaridae is a term used by the ancient Greco-Roman writers to describe a people or a geographical region of the ancient Indian subcontinent. Some of these writers state that Alexander the Great withdrew from the Indian subcontinent because of the strong war elephant force of the Gangaridai. However, the geographical region was annexed and governed by the Nanda Empire at the time.
A number of modern scholars locate Gangaridai in the Ganges Delta of the Bengal region, although alternative theories also exist. Gange or Ganges, the capital of the Gangaridai (according to Ptolemy), has been identified with several sites in the region, including Chandraketugarh and Wari-Bateshwar.[17]
See main article: Magadha.
See main article: Brihadratha dynasty.
| - BCE | ||
| - BCE | ||
| - BCE | ||
| Somadhi | 1661–1603 BCE | |
| Srutasravas | 1603–1539 BCE | |
| Ayutayus | 1539–1503 BCE | |
| 1503–1463 BCE | ||
| Sukshatra | 1463–1405 BCE | |
| Brihatkarman | 1405–1382 BCE | |
| Senajit | 1382–1332 BCE | |
| Srutanjaya | 1332–1292 BCE | |
| Vipra | 1292–1257 BCE | |
| Suchi | 1257–1199 BCE | |
| Kshemya | 1199–1171 BCE | |
| Subrata | 1171–1107 BCE | |
| Dharma | 1107–1043 BCE | |
| Susuma | 1043–970 BCE | |
| Dridhasena | 970–912 BCE | |
| Sumati | 912–879 BCE | |
| 879–857 BCE | ||
| Sunita | 857–817 BCE | |
| Satyajit | 817–767 BCE | |
| Viswajit | 767–732 BCE | |
| 732–682 BCE |
See main article: Pradyota dynasty.
| Pradyota Mahasena | 682–659 BCE | 23 | |
| Palaka | 659–635 BCE | 24 | |
| Visakhayupa | 635–585 BCE | 50 | |
| Ajaka | 585–564 BCE | 21 | |
| Varttivarddhana | 564–544 BCE | 20 |
See main article: Haryanka dynasty.
| 544–491 BCE | ||
| 491–461 BCE | ||
| 461–428 BCE | ||
| Anirudha | 428–419 BCE | |
| Munda | 419–417 BCE | |
| Darshaka | 417–415 BCE | |
| 415–413 BCE |
See main article: Shaishunaga dynasty.
| 413–395 BCE | ||
| 395–377 BCE | ||
| Kshemadharman | 377–365 BCE | |
| Kshatraujas | 365–355 BCE | |
| 355–349 BCE | ||
| 349–345 BCE |
See main article: Nanda Empire.
See also: Conquest of the Nanda Empire.
| 345–340 BCE | ||
| Pandukananda | 340–339 BCE | |
| Pandugatinanda | 339–338 BCE | |
| Bhutapalananda | 338–337 BCE | |
| Rashtrapalananada | 337–336 BCE | |
| Govishanakananda | 336–335 BCE | |
| Dashasiddhakananda | 335–334 BCE | |
| Kaivartananda | 334–329 BCE | |
| 329–321 BCE |
| Ruler | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chandragupta Maurya | 322–297 BCE | Founder of first Indian united empire. | |
| Bindusara Amitraghata | 297–273 BCE | Known for his foreign diplomacy and crushed of Vidarbh revolt. | |
| Ashoka | 268–232 BCE | Greatest emperor of dynasty. His son Kunala was blinded and died before his father. Ashoka was succeeded by his grandson. Also known for Kalinga war victory. | |
| Dasharatha Maurya | 232–224 BCE | Grandson of Ashoka. | |
| Samprati | 224–215 BCE | Brother of Dasharatha. | |
| Shalishuka | 215–202 BCE | ||
| Devavarman | 202–195 BCE | ||
| Shatadhanvan | 195–187 BCE | Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign | |
| Brihadratha | 187–184 BCE | Assassinated by his Commander-in-chief Pushyamitra Shunga in 185 BCE. | |
See main article: Shunga Empire.
| Pushyamitra Shunga | 185–149 BCE | |
| Agnimitra | 149–141 BCE | |
| Vasujyeshtha | 141–131 BCE | |
| Vasumitra | 131–124 BCE | |
| Bhadraka | 124–122 BCE | |
| Pulindaka | 122–119 BCE | |
| Ghosha | 119–108 BCE | |
| Vajramitra | 108–94 BCE | |
| Bhagabhadra | 94–83 BCE | |
| Devabhuti | 83–73 BCE |
See main article: Kanva dynasty.
| Vasudeva Kanva | 73–64 BCE | 9 | |
| Bhumimitra | 64–50 BCE | 14 | |
| Narayana | 50–38 BCE | 12 | |
| Susarman | 38–28 BCE | 10 |
See main article: Chandra dynasty and Harikela.
The Chandra Kingdom was a Kayastha kingdom, which ruled the Samatata region of Bengal, as well as northern Arakan. Later it was a neighbor to the Pala Empire to the north. Rulers of Chandra kingdom were followers of Hinduism.[18] [19]
| 1 | Chandrodaya | 27 | 202–229 | |
| 2 | Annaveta | 5 | 229–234 | |
| 3 | Chandranveta | 77 | 234–311 | |
| 4 | Rimbhiappa | 23 | 311–334 | |
| 5 | Kuverami (Queen) | 7 | 334–341 | |
| 6 | Umavira | 20 | 341–361 | |
| 7 | Jugna | 7 | 361–368 | |
| 8 | Lanki | 2 | 368–370 | |
| 9 | Dvenchandra | 55 | 370–425 | |
| 10 | Rajachandra | 20 | 425–445 | |
| 11 | Kalachandra | 9 | 445–454 | |
| 12 | Devachandra | 22 | 454–476 | |
| 13 | Yajnachandra | 7 | 476–483 | |
| 14 | Chandrabandu | 6 | 483–489 | |
| 15 | Bhumichandra | 7 | 489–496 | |
| 16 | Bhutichandra | 24 | 496–520 | |
| 17 | Nitichandra | 55 | 520–575 | |
| 18 | Virachandra | 3 | 575–578 | |
| 19 | Pritichandra | 12 | 578–590 | |
| 20 | Prithvichandra | 7 | 590–597 | |
| 21 | Dhirtichandra | 3 | 597–600 | |
| 22 | Mahavira | 12 | 600–612 | |
| 23 | Virayajap | 12 | 612–624 | |
| 24 | Sevinren | 12 | 624–636 | |
| 25 | Dharmasura | 13 | 636–649 | |
| 26 | Vajrashakti | 16 | 649–665 | |
| 27 | Dharmavijaya | 36 | 665–701 | |
| 28 | Narendravijaya | 2 yr 9 months | 701–703 | |
| 29 | Dharmachandra | 16 | 703–720 | |
| 30 | Anandachandra | 9+ | 720–729+ | |
| Harikela dynasty | ||||
| 1 | 30 | 900–930 | ||
| 2 | Srichandra | 45 | 930–975 | |
| 3 | 25 | 975–1000 | ||
| 4 | 20 | 1000–1020 | ||
| 5 | 30 | 1020–1050 | ||
See main article: Gupta Empire.
See main article: Jaintia Kingdom.
See main article: Gauda Kingdom.
See main article: Pushyabhuti dynasty.
See main article: Khadga dynasty.
| Titular Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Khadgodyama | 625-640 | Father of Jatakhadga | |
| Jatakhadga | 640-658 | Father of Devakhadga | |
| Devakhadga | 658-673 | Queen Prabhavati | |
| Rajabhatta | 673-707 | Son of Devakhadga | |
| Balabhata | 707-716 | Son of Devakhadga | |
| Udirnakhadga | ?? |
See main article: Bhadra dynasty.
The Bhadra dynasty was a Bengali Hindu royal house of Brahmin origin, their rule flourished during the first half of the 7th century, though little is known about their history. The kings of the dynasty bore names with the suffix "Bhadra".
See main article: Mallabhum.
| Name of the king[22] | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adi Malla | 694–710 | ||
| Jay Malla | 710–720 | ||
| Benu Malla | 720–733 | ||
| Kinu Malla | 733–742 | ||
| Indra Malla | 742–757 | ||
| Kanu Malla | 757–764 | ||
| Dha (Jhau) Malla | 764–775 | ||
| Shur Malla | 775–795 | ||
| Kanak Malla | 795–807 | ||
| Kandarpa Malla | 807–828 | ||
| Sanatan Malla | 828–841 | ||
| Kharga Malla | 841–862 | ||
| Durjan (Durjay) Malla | 862–906 | ||
| Yadav Malla | 906–919 | ||
| Jagannath Malla | 919–931 | ||
| Birat Malla | 931–946 | ||
| Mahadev Malla | 946–977 | ||
| Durgadas Malla | 977–994 | ||
| Jagat Malla | 994–1007 | ||
| Ananta Malla | 1007–1015 | ||
| Rup Malla | 1015–1029 | ||
| Sundar Malla | 1029–1053 | ||
| Kumud Malla | 1053–1074 | ||
| Krishna Malla | 1074–1084 | ||
| Rup II (Jhap) Malla | 1084–1097 | ||
| Prakash Malla | 1097–1102 | ||
| Pratap Malla | 1102–1113 | ||
| Sindur Malla | 1113–1129 | ||
| Sukhomoy(Shuk) Malla | 1129–1142 | ||
| Banamali Malla | 1142–1156 | ||
| Yadu/Jadu Malla | 1156–1167 | ||
| Jiban Malla | 1167–1185 | ||
| Ram Malla | 1185–1209 | ||
| Gobinda Malla | 1209–1240 | ||
| Bhim Malla | 1240–1263 | ||
| Katar(Khattar) Malla | 1263–1295 | ||
| Prithwi Malla | 1295 -1319 | ||
| Tapa Malla | 1319–1334 | ||
| Dinabandhu Malla | 1334–1345 | ||
| Kinu/Kanu II Malla | 1345–1358 | ||
| Shur Malla II | 1358–1370 | ||
| Shiv Singh Malla | 1370–1407 | ||
| Madan Malla | 1407–1420 | ||
| Durjan II (Durjay) Malla | 1420–1437 | ||
| Uday Malla | 1437–1460 | ||
| Chandra Malla | 1460–1501 | ||
| Bir Malla | 1501–1554 | ||
| Dhari Malla | 1554–1565 | ||
| Hambir Malla Dev (Bir Hambir) | 1565–1620 | ||
| Dhari Hambir Malla Dev | 1620–1626 | ||
| Raghunath Singha Dev | 1626–1656 | ||
| Bir Singha Dev | 1656–1682 | ||
| Durjan Singha Dev | 1682–1702 | ||
| Raghunath Singha Dev II | 1702–1712 | ||
| Gopal Singha Dev | 1712–1748 | ||
| Chaitanya Singha Dev | 1748–1801 | ||
| Madhav Singha Dev | 1801–1809 | ||
| Gopal Singha Dev II | 1809–1876 | ||
| Ramkrishna Singha Dev | 1876–1885 | ||
| Dwhaja Moni Devi | 1885–1889 | ||
| Nilmoni Singha Dev | 1889–1903 | ||
| Churamoni Devi (Regency) | 1903–1930 | ||
| Kalipada Singha Thakur | 1930–1947 |
Most of the Pala inscriptions mention only the regnal year as the date of issue, without any well-known calendar era. Because of this, the chronology of the Pala kings is hard to determine. Based on their different interpretations of the various epigraphs and historical records, different historians estimate the Pala chronology as follows:[23]
| RC Majumdar (1971)[24] | AM Chowdhury (1967)[25] | BP Sinha (1977)[26] | DC Sircar (1975–76)[27] | D. K. Ganguly (1994)[28] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gopala I | 750–770 | 756–781 | 755–783 | 750–775 | 750–774 | |
| Dharmapala | 770–810 | 781–821 | 783–820 | 775–812 | 774–806 | |
| Devapala | 810– | 821–861 | 820–860 | 812–850 | 806–845 | |
| Mahendrapala | NA (Mahendrapala's existence was conclusively established through a copper-plate charter discovered later.) | 845–860 | ||||
| Shurapala I | Deemed to be alternate name of Vigrahapala I | 850–858 | 860–872 | |||
| Gopala II | NA (copper-plate charter discovered in 1995. Text of inscription published in 2009.) | |||||
| Vigrahapala I | 850–853 | 861–866 | 860–865 | 858–60 | 872–873 | |
| Narayanapala | 854–908 | 866–920 | 865–920 | 860–917 | 873–927 | |
| Rajyapala | 908–940 | 920–952 | 920–952 | 917–952 | 927–959 | |
| Gopala III | 940–957 | 952–969 | 952–967 | 952–972 | 959–976 | |
| Vigrahapala II | 960– | 969–995 | 967–980 | 972–977 | 976–977 | |
| Mahipala I | 988– | 995–1043 | 980–1035 | 977–1027 | 977–1027 | |
| Nayapala | 1038–1053 | 1043–1058 | 1035–1050 | 1027–1043 | 1027–1043 | |
| Vigrahapala III | 1054–1072 | 1058–1075 | 1050–1076 | 1043–1070 | 1043–1070 | |
| Mahipala II | 1072–1075 | 1075–1080 | 1076–1078/9 | 1070–1071 | 1070–1071 | |
| Shurapala II | 1075–1077 | 1080–1082 | 1071–1072 | 1071–1072 | ||
| Ramapala | 1077–1130 | 1082–1124 | 1078/9–1132 | 1072–1126 | 1072–1126 | |
| Kumarapala | 1130–1140 | 1124–1129 | 1132–1136 | 1126–1128 | 1126–1128 | |
| Gopala IV | 1140–1144 | 1129–1143 | 1136–1144 | 1128–1143 | 1128–1143 | |
| Madanapala | 1144–1162 | 1143–1162 | 1144–1161/62 | 1143–1161 | 1143–1161 | |
| Govindapala | 1158–1162 | NA | 1162–1176 or 1158–1162 | 1161–1165 | 1161–1165 | |
| Palapala | NA | NA | NA | 1165–1199 | 1165–1200 | |
See main article: Sena dynasty.
Sena dynasty ruled southwestern Bengal from 1070 and ruled East Bengal until 1230. Vijaya Sena conquered entire Bengal by 1154 CE.
See main article: Deva dynasty.
The Khalji dynasty of Bengal (c.1204–27) were initially representatives of the Ghurid Empire, later becoming independent, although at times being subordinate to the Delhi Sultanate.
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji | c.1204–1206 | Began the Khalji dynasty in Bengal | |
| Muhammad Shiran Khalji | 1206–1208 | ||
| Husamuddin Iwaz Khalji | 1208–1210 | ||
| Ali Mardan Khalji | 1210–1212 | ||
| Ghiyasuddin Iwaz Shah | 1212–1227 | Second term, killed for gaining independence from Sultan of Delhi Iltutmish | |
| Alauddin Daulat Shah Khalji | 1229–1230[29] | ||
| Balka Khalji | 1230–1231 | Last Khalji ruler |
Governors of Bengal under the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasiruddin Mahmud | 1227–1229 | Appointed by his father Sultan Iltutmish of Delhi | |
| Alauddin Jani | 1232–1233 | ||
| Saifuddin Aibak | 1233–1236 | ||
| Awar Khan Aibak | 1236 | Usurper | |
| Tughral Tughan Khan | 1236–1246 | Restored Mamluk governor | |
| Tughlaq Tamar Khan | 1246–1247 | ||
| Jalaluddin Masud Jani | 1247–1251 | ||
| Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Iuzbak | 1251–1257 | Claimed independence. | |
| Ijjauddin Balban Iuzbaki | 1257–1259 | ||
| Tatar Khan | 1259–1268 | Claimed independence. | |
| Sher Khan | 1268–1272 | ||
| Amin Khan | 1272–1272 | ||
| Tughral Tughan Khan | 1272–1281 | Second term as Mughisuddin Tughral | |
| Nasiruddin Bughra Khan | 1281–1287 | Declared independence and founded the Balban dynasty |
The House of Balban (c.1287–1324) came about as a result of Mamluk governor Nasiruddin Bughra Khan declaring independence.
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasiruddin Bughra Khan | 1287–1291 | Declared independence from Delhi Sultanate | |
| Rukunuddin Kaikaus | 1291–1300 | First Muslim ruler to conquer Satgaon kingdom, expanding Lakhnauti. | |
| Shamsuddin Firoz Shah | 1300–1322 | First Muslim ruler to conquer Sonargaon, Mymensingh and Srihatta. Completed Kaikaus' Conquest of Satgaon. | |
| Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah | 1322–1324 | Lost independence of Bengal to Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. |
| Name | Region | Reign | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah | Sonargaon | 1324–1328 | Appointed as governor by Sultan of Delhi Muhammad bin Tughluq, but later declared independence |
| Bahram Khan | Sonargaon | 1328–1338 | |
| Qadar Khan | Lakhnauti | 1328–1336 | |
| Mukhlis | Lakhnauti | 1336–1339 | |
| Azam Khan | Satgaon | 1324–1328 | |
| Izzuddin Yahya | Satgaon | 1328–1338 | |
| Name | Region | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah | Sonargaon | 1338–1349 | First independent ruler of Sonargaon | |
| Ikhtiyaruddin Ghazi Shah | Sonargaon | 1349–1352 | ||
| Ilyas Shah | Satgaon | 1339–1342 | ||
| Alauddin Ali Shah | Lakhnauti | 1339–1342 | ||
| Ilyas Shah | Lakhnauti and Satgaon | 1342–1352 |
See main article: Ilyas Shahi dynasty.
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah | 1352–1358 | Became the first sole ruler of whole Bengal comprising Sonargaon, Satgaon and Lakhnauti. | |
| Sikandar Shah | 1358–1390 | Killed in battle with his son and successor, Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah | |
| Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah | 1390–1411 | ||
| Saifuddin Hamza Shah | 1411–1412 | ||
| Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah | 1412–1414 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raja Ganesha | 1414–1415 | ||
| 1415–1416 | Son of Raja Ganesha and converted into Islam | ||
| Raja Ganesha | 1416–1418 | Second Phase | |
| 1418–1433 | Second Phase | ||
| Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah | 1433–1435 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah | 1435–1459 | ||
| Rukunuddin Barbak Shah | 1459–1474 | Son of Mahmud Shah | |
| Shamsuddin Yusuf Shah | 1474–1481 | Son of Barbak Shah | |
| Nuruddin Sikandar Shah | 1481 | Son of Mahmud Shah | |
| Jalaluddin Fateh Shah | 1481–1487 | Son of Mahmud Shah |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shahzada Barbak | 1487 | ||
| Saifuddin Firuz Shah | 1487–1489 | ||
| Mahmud Shah II | 1489–1490 | ||
| Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah | 1490–1494 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alauddin Hussain Shah | 1494–1518 | considered greatest of all sultans of Bengal for bringing cultural renaissance during his reign. | |
| Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah | 1518–1533 | ||
| Alauddin Firuz Shah | 1533 | ||
| Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah | 1533–1538 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sher Shah Suri | 1532–1538 | Defeated Mughals and became the ruler of Delhi in 1540. | |
| Khidr Khan | 1538–1541 | ||
| Qazi Fazilat | 1541–1545 | ||
| Muhammad Khan Sur | 1545–1554 | ||
| Shahbaz Khan | 1555 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Khan Sur | 1554–1555 | Declared independence and styled himself as Shamsuddin Muhammad Shah | |
| Khizr Khan Suri | 1555–1561 | ||
| Ghiyasuddin Jalal Shah | 1561–1563 | ||
| Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah III | 1563–1564[30] |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taj Khan Karrani | 1564–1566 | ||
| Sulaiman Khan Karrani | 1566–1572 | ||
| Bayazid Khan Karrani | 1572 | ||
| Daud Khan Karrani | 1572–1576 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Munim Khan | 25 September 1574–23 October 1575 | Khan-i-Khanan | |
| Hussain Quli Khan | 23 October 1575–19 December 1578 | ||
| Muzaffar Khan Turbati | 1579–1582 | ||
| Mirza Aziz Koka | 1582–1583 | ||
| Wazir Khan Tajik | 1583–1583 | ||
| Shahbaz Khan Kamboh | 1583–1585 | ||
| Sadiq Khan | 1585–1586 | ||
| Shahbaz Khan Kamboh | 1586–1588 | ||
| Sa'id Khan | 1588–1594 | ||
| Raja Man Singh I | 1597 – 1606 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qutubuddin Koka | 2 Sep 1606 – 1607 | killed in a battle against Sher Afghan. (Local history of Burdwan, West Bengal, India says that Qutub-ud-din Kokah died in a battle against Ali Quli Istajlu alias Sher Afgan in 1610 CE. The tomb where both of them were buried is presently under the surveillance of Archaeological Survey of India.) | |
| Jahangir Quli Beg | 1607–1608 | In early life, a slave of Akbar's brother, Mirza Muhammad Hakim | |
| Islam Khan Chishti | 1608–1613 | first governor to transfer the Bengal capital to Dhaka in April 1612 | |
| Qasim Khan Chishti | 1613–1617 | younger brother of Islam Khan Chishti | |
| Ibrahim Khan Fath-i-Jang | 1617–1624 | died in an attack by Prince Shahjahan | |
| Darab Khan | 1624–1625 | while Shahjahan occupied Bengal. Killed by Mahabbat Khan.[31] | |
| Mahabat Khan | 1625–1626 | ||
| Mukarram Khan | 1626–1627 | ||
| Fidai Khan | 1627–1628 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qasim Khan Juvayni | 1628–1632 | ||
| Mir Muhammad Baqir | 1632–1635 | Known as Azam Khan | |
| Mir Abdus Salam | 1635–1639 | Known as Islam Khan Mashadi | |
| Prince Shah Shuja | 1639–1647 again 1652–1660 |
| Name | Reign | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mir Jumla II | 1660–1663 | ||
| Shaista Khan | 1664–1678 | ||
| Azam Khan Koka | 1678–1678 | Known as Fidai Khan II | |
| Prince Muhammad Azam | 20 July 1678 – 6 October 1679[32] | ||
| Shaista Khan | 1680–1688 | ||
| Ibrahim Khan II | 1689–1697 | ||
| Prince Azim-us-Shan | 1697–1712 |
See also: List of Hindu empires and dynasties.
See main article: Koch dynasty.
See main article: Bhurshut.
Chandradweep Ruled By
See main article: Bhawal Estate. Rulers of Gazipur and Madhupur forest are in central Bangladesh.
| Portrait | Titular Name | Personal Name | Birth | Reign | Death | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasiri Dynasty | ||||||
| Ala ud-Daula | Murshid Quli Jafar Khan | 1665 | 1717– 1727 | 30 June 1727 | ||
| Mirza Asadullah | Sarfaraz Khan Bahadur | ? | 1727–1727 | April 1740 | ||
| Shuja ud-Daula | Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan | 1670 | July 1727 – 26 August 1739 | 26 August 1739 | ||
| Mirza Asadullah | Sarfaraz Khan Bahadur | ? | 13 March 1739 – April 1740 | April 1740 | ||
| Afshar Dynasty | ||||||
| Husam ud-Daula | Muhammad Alivardi Khan Bahadur | 10 May 1671 | 29 April 1740 – 16 April 1756 | 16 April 1756 | ||
| Siraj ud-Daulah | Mîrzâ Muhammad Sirâj-ud-Daulah | 1733 | April 1756 – 2 June 1757 | June 1757 | ||
| Portrait | Titular Name | Personal Name | Birth | Reign | Death | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Najafi Dynasty | ||||||
| Ja'afar 'Ali Khan Bahadur | Mir Muhammed Jafar Ali Khan | 1691 | June 1757 – October 1760 | 17 January 1765 | ||
| Itimad ud-Daulah | Mir Kasim Ali Khan Bahadur | ? | 1760–1763 | 1777 | ||
| Ja'afar 'Ali Khan Bahadur | Mir Muhammed Jafar Ali Khan | 1691 | 25 July 1763 – 17 January 1765 | 17 January 1765 | ||
| Nazam-ud-Daulah | Najimuddin Ali Khan | 1750 | 5 February 1765 – 8 May 1766 | 8 May 1766 | ||
| Saif ud-Daulah | Najabut Ali Khan | 1749 | 22 May 1766 – 10 March 1770 | 10 March 1770 | ||
| Ashraf Ali Khan | Before 1759 | 10 March 1770 – 24 March 1770 | 24 March 1770 | |||
| Mubarak ud-Daulah | Mubarak Ali Khan | 1759 | 21 March 1770 – 6 September 1793 | 6 September 1793 | ||
| Azud ud-Daulah | Babar Ali Khan Bahadur | ? | 1793 – 28 April 1810 | 28 April 1810 | ||
| Ali Jah | Zain-ud-Din Ali Khan | ? | 5 June 1810 – 6 August 1821 | 6 August 1821 | ||
| Walla Jah | Ahmad Ali Khan | ? | 1810 – 30 October 1824 | 30 October 1824 | ||
| Humayun Jah | Mubarak Ali Khan II | 29 September 1810 | 1824 – 3 October 1838 | 3 October 1838 | ||
| Feradun Jah | Mansur Ali Khan | 29 October 1830 | 29 October 1838 –1881 (abdicated) | 5 November 1884 | ||
| Picture | Titular Name | Personal Name | Birth | Reign | Death | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Najafi Dynasty | ||||||
| Ali Kadir | Syed Hassan Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur | 25 August 1846 | 17 February 1882 – 25 December 1906 | 25 December 1906[34] | ||
| Amir ul-Omrah | Syed Wasif Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur | 7 January 1875 | December 1906 – 23 October 1959 | 23 October 1959[35] | ||
| Raes ud-Daulah | Syed Waris Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur | 14 November 1901 | 23 October 1959 – 20 November 1969 | 20 November 1969[36] | ||
| Disputed/In abeyance[37] [38] | 20 November 1969 – 13 August 2014 | |||||
| Syed Mohammed Abbas Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur | Circa 1942 | 13 August 2014 – Incumbent (titular) | ||||
As per the treaty of Allahabad in 1765, the British East India Company (BEIC) was given the right to collect revenue (Diwani right). From 1769, the company collected revenue from Bengal.
Following the Regulating Act of 1773, the Governor of Bengal was officially called Governor-General of Fort William.
In 1793, the British East India Company abolished Nizamat, i.e. local rule by Mughal emperor- appointed Nawabs and annexed Bengal.
As per Charter Act of 1833, the Governor-General of Bengal would be called Governor-General of India
With the establishment of the Empire of India in 1858, the position of Governor-General was replaced with Governor-General and Viceroy of India. Calcutta, the capital of Bengal also became the capital of India. As a result, the position of Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal was established to look after provincial matters.
In late 1911, the Indian Government decided to move the capital to New Delhi. As a result, the Governorship of Bengal Presidency was now necessary.
| width=10% | Name | width=10% | Took office | width=10% | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas Gibson-Carmichael, 1st Baron Carmichael | 1912 | 1917 | |||
| Lawrence Dundas, Earl of Ronaldshay | 1917 | 1922 | |||
| Victor Bulwer-Lytton, 2nd Earl of Lytton | 1922 | 1927 | |||
| Sir Stanley Jackson | 1927 | 1932 | |||
| Sir John Anderson | 1932 | 1937 | |||
| Michael Knatchbull, 5th Baron Brabourne | 1937 | 1938 | |||
| Sir John Arthur Herbert | 1939 | 1943 | |||
| Richard Casey | 1944 | 1946 | |||
| Sir Frederick Burrows | 1946 | 1947 |
See main article: Prime Minister of Bengal.
The Government of India Act 1935 introduced provincial autonomy in India and the position of Chief Minister or Premier of Bengal became very prominent.
| No | Name | Image | Term(s)[39] | Party | Governor | Viceroy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 April 1937 – 1 December 1941 12 December 1941 – 29 March 1943 | The Marquess of Linlithgow | |||||
| 2 | 29 April 1943 – 31 March 1945 | Sir John Arthur Herbert (−1944) Sir Richard Casey (1944–) | The Marquess of Linlithgow The Viscount Wavell | ||||
| 3 | 23 April 1946 – 14 August 1947 | The Viscount Wavell Earl Mountbatten |
Subsequently, all three Bengali chief ministers moved to East Pakistan, where they continued to be influential statesmen. Nazimuddin and Suhrawardy became Prime Ministers of Pakistan, while Huq served as the Chief Minister and Governor of East Pakistan.
British colonial period ended when India and Pakistan became independent nations in 1947. Bengal fell into two parts – one in India, named West Bengal and the other part in Pakistan as East Bengal, later renamed to East Pakistan in 1955.
| Tenure | Governor of East Bengal | |
|---|---|---|
| 15 August 1947 – 31 March 1950 | Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne | |
| 31 March 1950 – 31 March 1953 | Sir Feroz Khan Noon | |
| 31 March 1953 – 29 May 1954 | Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman | |
| 29 May 1954 – May 1955 | Iskandar Ali Mirza | |
| May 1955 – June 1955 | Muhammad Shahabuddin (acting) | |
| June 1955 – 14 October 1955 | Amiruddin Ahmad |
| Tenure | Chief Minister of East Bengal | Political Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| August 1947 – September 1948 | Sir Khwaja Nazimuddin | Muslim League | |
| September 1948 – April 1954 | Muslim League | ||
| April 1954 – 1955 | United Front |
In late 1955, the prime minister Muhammad Ali Bogra initiated the One Unit policy which resulted in East Bengal province being renamed to East Pakistan.
| Tenure | Governor of East Pakistan | Political Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14 October 1955 – March 1956 | Amiruddin Ahmad | Muslim League | |
| March 1956 – 13 April 1958 | Muslim League | ||
| 13 April 1958 – 3 May 1958 | Hamid Ali (acting) | Awami League | |
| 3 May 1958 – 10 October 1958 | Awami League | ||
| 10 October 1958 – 11 April 1960 | Muslim League | ||
| 11 April 1960 – 11 May 1962 | Military Administration | ||
| 11 May 1962 – 25 October 1962 | Independent | ||
| 25 October 1962 – 23 March 1969 | Civil Administration | ||
| 23 March 1969 – 25 March 1969 | Civil Administration | ||
| 25 March 1969 – 23 August 1969 | Military Administration | ||
| 23 August 1969 – 1 September 1969 | Military Administration | ||
| 1 September 1969 – 7 March 1971 | Military Administration | ||
| 7 March 1971 – 6 April 1971 | Military Administration | ||
| 6 April 1971 – 31 August 1971 | Military Administration | ||
| 31 August 1971 – 14 December 1971 | Independent | ||
| 14 December 1971 – 16 December 1971 | Military Administration |
| Tenure | Chief Minister of East Pakistan | Political Party | |
|---|---|---|---|
| August 1955 – September 1956 | Abu Hussain Sarkar | Krishan Sramik Party | |
| September 1956 – March 1958 | Ataur Rahman Khan | Awami League | |
| March 1958 | Abu Hussain Sarkar | Krishan Sramik Party | |
| March 1958 – 18 June 1958 | Ataur Rahman Khan | Awami League | |
| 18 June 1958 – 22 June 1958 | Abu Hussain Sarkar | Krishan Sramik Party | |
| 22 June 1958 – 25 August 1958 | Governor's Rule | ||
| 25 August 1958 – 7 October 1958 | Ataur Rahman Khan | Awami League |
On 7 October 1958, the post of Chief Minister of East Pakistan was abolished. And after the independence of Bangladesh on 16 December 1971, the province of East Pakistan was dissolved.
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Duration | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 15 August 1947 | 21 June 1948 | ||||
| 2 | Kailash Nath Katju | 21 June 1948 | 1 November 1951 | |||
| 3 | Harendra Coomar Mookerjee | 1 November 1951 | 8 August 1956 | |||
| – | Phani Bhusan Chakravartti (acting) | 8 August 1956 | 3 November 1956 | |||
| 4 | Padmaja Naidu | 3 November 1956 | 1 June 1967 | |||
| 5 | Dharma Vira | 1 June 1967 | 1 April 1969 | |||
| – | Deep Narayan Sinha (acting) | 1 April 1969 | 19 September 1969 | |||
| 6 | Shanti Swaroop Dhavan | 19 September 1969 | 21 August 1971 | |||
| 7 | Anthony Lancelot Dias | 21 August 1971 | 6 November 1979 | |||
| 8 | Tribhuvana Narayana Singh | 6 November 1979 | 12 September 1981 | |||
| 9 | Bhairab Dutt Pande | 12 September 1981 | 10 October 1983 | |||
| 10 | Anant Prasad Sharma | 10 October 1983 | 16 August 1984 | |||
| — | Satish Chandra (acting) | 16 August 1984 | 1 October 1984 | |||
| 11 | Uma Shankar Dikshit | 1 October 1984 | 12 August 1986 | |||
| 12 | Saiyid Nurul Hasan | 12 August 1986 | 20 March 1989 | |||
| 13 | T. V. Rajeswar | 20 March 1989 | 7 February 1990 | |||
| (12) | Saiyid Nurul Hasan | 7 February 1990 | 12 July 1993 | |||
| – | B. Satyanarayan Reddy (additional charge) | 13 July 1993 | 14 August 1993 | |||
| 14 | K. V. Raghunatha Reddy | 14 August 1993 | 27 April 1998 | |||
| 15 | Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai | 27 April 1998 | 18 May 1999 | |||
| 16 | Shyamal Kumar Sen | 18 May 1999 | 4 December 1999 | |||
| 17 | Viren J. Shah | 4 December 1999 | 14 December 2004 | |||
| 18 | Gopalkrishna Gandhi | 14 December 2004 | 14 December 2009 | |||
| – | Devanand Konwar (additional charge) | 14 December 2009 | 23 January 2010 | |||
| 19 | M.K. Narayanan | 24 January 2010 | 30 June 2014 | |||
| — | D. Y. Patil (additional charge)[41] | 3 July 2014 | 17 July 2014 | |||
| 20 | Keshari Nath Tripathi | 24 July 2014 | 29 July 2019 | |||
| 21 | Jagdeep Dhankhar[42] | 30 July 2019 | 17 July 2022 | |||
| — | La. Ganesan (additional charge) | 18 July 2022 | 17 November 2022 | |||
| 22 | C. V. Ananda Bose | 18 November 2022 | Incumbent |
| Portrait | Name | Tenure[43] | Duration | Assembly | Party | Appointedby (Governor) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 15 August 1947 | 22 January 1948 | days | Provincial Assembly (1946–52) | Indian National Congress | Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari | |||
| 2 | 23 January 1948 | 26 January 1950 | |||||||
| Portrait | Name | Constituency | Tenure | Duration | Assembly[44] | Party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2) | Bidhan Chandra Roy | 26 January 1950 | 30 March 1952 | (total: 14 years, 159 days) | Provincial Assembly (1946 election) | |||||
| Bowbazar | 31 March 1952 | 5 April 1957 | 1st (1952 election) | |||||||
| 6 April 1957 | 2 April 1962 | 2nd(1957 election) | ||||||||
| Chowrangee | 3 April 1962 | 1 July 1962 | 3rd (1962 election) | |||||||
| 2 | Prafulla Chandra Sen | Arambagh East | 9 July 1962 | 28 February 1967 | ||||||
| 3 | Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee | Tamluk | 1 March 1967 | days | 4th(1967 election) | Bangla Congress | ||||
| (1) | Prafulla Chandra Ghosh | Jhargram | 19 February 1968 | days (total: 250 days) | Independent | |||||
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 20 February 1968 | 25 February 1969 | Dissolved | N/A | ||||
| (3) | Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee | Tamluk | 25 February 1969 | 16 March 1970 | 5th (1969 election) | Bangla Congress | ||||
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 19 March 1970 | 30 July 1970 | N/A | |||||
| 30 July 1970 | 2 April 1971 | Dissolved | ||||||||
| (3) | Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee | Tamluk | 2 April 1971 | 28 June 1971 | days | 6th(1971 election) | Indian National Congress | |||
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 29 June 1971 | 20 March 1972 | days | Dissolved | N/A | |||
| 4 | Siddhartha Shankar Ray | Maldah | 20 March 1972 | 30 April 1977 | 7th(1972 election) | Indian National Congress | ||||
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 30 April 1977 | 20 June 1977 | days | Dissolved | N/A | |||
| 5 | Jyoti Basu | Satgachhia | 21 June 1977 | 23 May 1982 | 8th(1977 election) | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | ||||
| 24 May 1982 | 29 March 1987 | 9th(1982 election) | ||||||||
| 30 March 1987 | 18 June 1991 | 10th(1987 election) | ||||||||
| 19 June 1991 | 15 May 1996 | 11th (1991 election) | ||||||||
| 16 May 1996 | 5 November 2000 | 12th(1996 election) | ||||||||
| 6 | Buddhadeb Bhattacharya | Jadavpur | 6 November 2000 | 14 May 2001 | ||||||
| 15 May 2001 | 17 May 2006 | 13th(2001 election) | ||||||||
| 18 May 2006 | 13 May 2011 | 14th (2006 election) | ||||||||
| 7 | Mamata Banerjee | Bhabanipur | 20 May 2011 | 25 May 2016 | 15th (2011 election) | Trinamool Congress | " style="background-color: #00ff48" | |||
| 26 May 2016 | 4 May 2021 | 16th (2016 election) | " style="background-color: #00ff48" | |||||||
| 5 May 2021 | Incumbent | 17th (2021 election) | " style="background-color: #00ff48" | |||||||
East Pakistan seceded from West Pakistan on 16 December 1971 after the end of Bangladesh Liberation War and was named Bangladesh as an independent nation.
The President was the executive Head of state of Bangladesh during Presidential system of government from 1975 to 1991. Thereafter, the Prime Minister is the executive head of government of this parliamentary republic while the President is the ceremonial Head of state, elected by the parliament.
| Portrait | Name | Election | Term of office | Political party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| Provisional Government of Bangladesh (1971–1972) | ||||||||
| 1 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | — | 17 April 1971 | 12 January 1972 | AL | |||
| — | Syed Nazrul Islam | — | 17 April 1971 | 12 January 1972 | AL | |||
| People's Republic of Bangladesh (1972–present) | ||||||||
| 2 | Abu Sayeed Chowdhury | — | 12 January 1972 | 24 December 1973 | AL | |||
| 3 | < | -- DO NOT ADD A NON-FREE IMAGE FOR THIS PERSON - ONLY FREELY LICENCED IMAGES ARE ALLOWED FOR LISTS. SEE WP:NFLISTS --> | Mohammad Mohammadullah | — | 24 December 1973 | 27 January 1974 | AL | |
| 1974 | 27 January 1974 | 25 January 1975 | ||||||
| (1) | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | — | 25 January 1975 | 15 August 1975 | BaKSAL | |||
| 4 | Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad | — | 15 August 1975 | 6 November 1975 | AL | |||
| 5 | Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem | — | 6 November 1975 | 21 April 1977 | AL | |||
| 6 | Ziaur Rahman | 1977 1978 | 21 April 1977 | 30 May 1981 | Military / Jagodal / BNP | |||
| 7 | Abdus Sattar | — | 30 May 1981 | 20 November 1981 | BNP | |||
| 1981 | 20 November 1981 | 24 March 1982 | ||||||
| Post vacant (24 – 27 March 1982) | ||||||||
| 8 | Ahsanuddin Chowdhury | — | 27 March 1982 | 10 December 1983 | Independent | |||
| 9 | Hussain Muhammad Ershad | 1985 1986 | 11 December 1983 | 6 December 1990 | Military / Janadal / JP(E) | |||
| — | Shahabuddin Ahmed | — | 6 December 1990 | 10 October 1991 | Independent | |||
| 10 | Abdur Rahman Biswas | 1991 | 10 October 1991 | 9 October 1996 | BNP | |||
| 11 | Shahabuddin Ahmed | 1996 | 9 October 1996 | 14 November 2001 | Independent | |||
| 12 | Badruddoza Chowdhury | 2001 | 14 November 2001 | 21 June 2002 | BNP | |||
| — | Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar | — | 21 June 2002 | 6 September 2002 | BNP | |||
| 13 | Iajuddin Ahmed | 2002 | 6 September 2002 | 12 February 2009 | Independent | |||
| 14 | Zillur Rahman | 2009 | 12 February 2009 | 20 March 2013[†] | AL | |||
| 15 | Mohammad Abdul Hamid | — | 14 March 2013 | 24 April 2013 | AL | |||
| 2013 | 24 April 2013 | 24 April 2018 | ||||||
| 2018 | 24 April 2018 | 24 April 2023 | ||||||
| 16 | Mohammed Shahabuddin | 2023 | 24 April 2023 | Incumbent | AL | |||
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Party | President | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | |||||||
| < | -- DO NOT ADD A NON-FREE IMAGE FOR THIS PERSON - ONLY FREELY LICENCED IMAGES ARE ALLOWED FOR LISTS. SEE WP:NFLISTS --> | Syed Nazrul Islam | 17 April 1971 | 12 January 1972 | Bangladesh Awami League | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | Acting president during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[45] | |
| 26 January 1975[46] | 15 August 1975 | BAKSAL | ||||||
| Mohammad Mohammadullah | 15 August 1975 | 3 November 1975 | Bangladesh Awami League | Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad | Served as Minister of Land under President Sheikh Mujib and was later appointed Vice President upon Mujib's death.[47] | |||
| Abdus Sattar | June 1977 | 30 May 1981 | Bangladesh Nationalist Party | Ziaur Rahman | Succeeded Zia as president in 1981.[48] | |||
| Mirza Nurul Huda | 24 November 1981 | 23 March 1982 | Independent | Abdus Sattar | Resigned after conflict with BNP.[49] | |||
| Mohammad Mohammadullah | 23 March 1982 | 24 March 1982 | Bangladesh Nationalist Party | In office for 24 hours; deposed in the 1982 coup d'état[50] | ||||
| A. K. M. Nurul Islam | 30 November 1986 | September 1989 | Jatiya Party | Hussain Muhammad Ershad | Former Supreme Court Justice and Law Minister.[51] | |||
| < | -- DO NOT ADD A NON-FREE IMAGE FOR THIS PERSON - ONLY FREELY LICENCED IMAGES ARE ALLOWED FOR LISTS. SEE WP:NFLISTS --> | Moudud Ahmed | September 1989 | December 1990 | Jatiya Party | Former Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister. | ||
Note that numbering for Prime Minister is given either bracketless, or with brackets. Numbering for Chief Adviser is given in [] brackets. Acting Prime Ministers or Chief Advisers are not numbered and instead denoted as "—". There are 10 Prime Ministers, 1 Acting Prime Minister, 5 Chief Advisers, and 1 Acting Chief Adviser of Bangladesh so far.[52]
| Portrait | Name | Election | Term of office | Political party | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| Provisional Government of Bangladesh (1971–1972) | ||||||||
| 1 | Tajuddin Ahmad | — | 17 April 1971 | 12 January 1972 | AL | |||
| People's Republic of Bangladesh (1972–present) | ||||||||
| 2 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 1973 | 12 January 1972 | 25 January 1975 | AL | |||
| 3 | Muhammad Mansur Ali | — | 25 January 1975 | 15 August 1975 | BaKSAL | |||
| Post abolished (15 August 1975 – 29 June 1978) | ||||||||
| — | Mashiur Rahman | — | 29 June 1978 | 12 March 1979[†] | ||||
| Post vacant (12 March – 15 April 1979) | ||||||||
| 4 | Shah Azizur Rahman | 1979 | 15 April 1979 | 24 March 1982 | ||||
| Post abolished (24 March 1982 – 30 March 1984) | ||||||||
| 5 | Ataur Rahman Khan | — | 30 March 1984 | 9 July 1986 | ||||
| 6 | Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury | 1986 | 9 July 1986 | 27 March 1988 | JP(E) | |||
| 7 | Moudud Ahmed | 1988 | 27 March 1988 | 12 August 1989 | JP(E) | |||
| 8 | Kazi Zafar Ahmed | — | 12 August 1989 | 6 December 1990 | JP(E) | |||
| Post abolished (6 December 1990 – 20 March 1991) | ||||||||
| 9 | Khaleda Zia | 1991 1996 (Feb) | 20 March 1991 | 30 March 1996 | ||||
| [1] | Muhammad Habibur Rahman | — | 30 March 1996 | 23 June 1996 | Independent | |||
| 10 | Sheikh Hasina | 1996 (Jun) | 23 June 1996 | 15 July 2001 | AL | |||
| [2] | Latifur Rahman | — | 15 July 2001 | 10 October 2001 | Independent | |||
| (9) | Khaleda Zia | 2001 | 10 October 2001 | 29 October 2006 | BNP | |||
| [3] | Iajuddin Ahmed | — | 29 October 2006 | 11 January 2007 | Independent | |||
| [—] | Fazlul Haque | — | 11 January 2007 | 12 January 2007 | Independent | |||
| [4] | Fakhruddin Ahmed | — | 12 January 2007 | 6 January 2009 | Independent | |||
| (10) | Sheikh Hasina | 2008 2014 2018 2024 | 6 January 2009 | 5 August 2024 | AL | |||
| Post vacant (5 – 8 August 2024) | ||||||||
| [5] | Muhammad Yunus | — | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Independent | |||