History of lidos in the United Kingdom explained

The golden age of lidos in the United Kingdom was in the 1930s, when outdoor swimming became popular, and 169 were built across the UK as recreational facilities by local councils.[1] [2] [3] Many lidos closed when foreign holidays became less expensive, but those that remain have a dedicated following.[4] The name Lido originated from the Lido di Venezia.

1930s

The first open air swimming pool that was officially called a lido was "The Edmonton Lido" in Houndsfield Road, Edmonton following reopening after refurbishment on 27 July 1935. The newly built "Tottenham Lido", opened on 5 June 1937, and the "West Ham Municipal Lido", opened on 30 August 1937 also in London, were officially called lidos from the outset. Elsewhere, the Woodford Times reported on 13 May 1932 on the new "Lido" being constructed at Whipps Cross. The Kentish Times on 9 June 1933 similarly carried the headline: "Lagoon 'Lido' Opened on Bank Holiday". Neither of these two pools was officially called a "lido" at that time, however. The term "lido" was also applied to several private sector swimming facilities, including Ruislip Lido (part of a reservoir) opened in May 1936 and Rush Green Lido in old gravel pits in Romford, Essex, in September 1935.[5] [6]

Closures, rescues and new creations

There were numerous lidos (particularly in London and the south-west), but since the 1930s hundreds have closed, especially in the 1980s and 1990s.[7] Today there are 127 lidos remaining open in England.[8] Notable examples in London are Brockwell Lido in Herne Hill, Parliament Hill Lido at Gospel Oak in Hampstead Heath and Tooting Bec Lido in South London. Examples beyond London include Jesus Green Swimming Pool in Cambridge, Sandford Parks Lido in Cheltenham, Ilkley Lido and Ingleton Lido further north in Yorkshire.

In 2005 English Heritage published Liquid Assets - the lidos and open air pools of Britain, by Janet Smith, produced as part of the Played in Britain series. The author had spent years researching (and swimming in) lidos around the country and her book explores the past, present and future of open air pools. It led to two major conferences in 2006: "Reviving Lidos" and "Making a Splash".[9]

Although there have been many setbacks, long-running campaigns have resulted in some important successes. In October 2006 the London Fields Lido re-opened in Hackney after a campaign lasting nearly 20 years; Droitwich Spa Lido also reopened after a six-year battle by the group SALT (Save a Lido Today); Brockwell Lido celebrated its 70th birthday on 10 July 2007; Clifton Lido reopened in 2008;[10] Wood Green Pool in Banbury reopened in 2009;[11] and Charlton Lido reopened in 2012.[12]

The campaign to save the Grade II* listed Saltdean Lido in East Sussex which closed in 2010 won significant funding, including over £2m from the Coastal Communities Fund, and a new community interest company started work on the pool in 2015, which reopened in 2017.[13] [14] The Edwardian King's Meadow swimming pool in Reading is being restored by the same group which rescued and re-opened the Clifton Lido in Bristol. The derelict Ynysangharad Lido in Pontypridd is also being restored as part of the local council's redevelopment plans.[15] Woburn Lido in Bedfordshire which opened in 1911 faced closure in 2013, but was saved from closure through the work of local residents.[16] [17] [18]

Other ongoing campaigns include reopening Broomhill Pool in Ipswich, Peckham Rye Lido in South East London, the Cleveland Pools at Hampton Row in Bath (where the historic Grade II* listed baths, which date back to 1815, are believed to be the oldest surviving public outdoor swimming pools in the country) and Grange Lido (another Grade II listed baths and the only Art Deco lido in the north of England).[19] [20]

Arundel Lido is situated in the town of Arundel within the South Downs National Park. It has heated pools, and grass areas surrounding the pools suitable for sunbathing and picnics.[21] Planning permission was granted in 2018 for the Lido Extended Activities Plan - Project LEAP to develop an all-year-round facility with heated changing facilities, a Gym, Community Hall and Cafe.[22]

Plymouth is home to the Tinside Lido, a 1935 Art Deco seawater pool built on the limestone shoreline at the base of Plymouth Hoe. The semi-circular lido also has three fountains and disabled access, and is open from May to September.[23]

A London-based organisation Thames Baths was created to develop plans for a new floating lido on the Thames at Embankment, seeking to crowd-fund the £10m cost of construction.[24] Thames Baths' design company Studio Octopi has also won a design competition for plans for the creation of a new lido at Peckham Rye, where one closed in 1987 and was demolished.[25] A new 40m bathing pond has already been created as part of King's Cross developments in North London.[26]

Clevedon's Marine Lake underwent an £850,000 renovation project that included de-silting the tidally topped up pool (about 16,000 tonnes of silt was removed), increasing access to the lake. The project was funded by Clevedon Town Council, Marlens (Marine Lake Enthusiasts), and North Somerset Council.[27]

See also

Sources

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Sea change. Alexandra Buxton. The Guardian. 26 July 2003. 21 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043741/https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2003/jul/26/watersportsholidays.familyholidays. 22 February 2018. live.
  2. News: The Times. 6 December 1937. 18. London Lido For Children Proposed Schemes For Parks, L.C.C. Programme.
  3. Book: 1999 . Island stories: unravelling Britain . Raphael . Samuel . Verso . 978-1-85984-190-7 . 144–145 .
  4. https://www.outdoorswimmingsociety.com/bathurst-bathing-belles-ladies-that-swim/ Bathurst Bathing Belles – Ladies that Swim
  5. News: First use of word "lido". https://archive.today/20130105203323/http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/lidos/message/746. dead. 5 January 2013. Andy Hoines. Lidos History Society, groups.yahoo.com. 11 June 2005. 21 February 2018.
  6. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/lido "Lido" (British/ mainly British, C20)
  7. Web site: 2016-05-01 . Mapped: London's Lost Lidos . 2023-09-17 . Londonist . en.
  8. Web site: History of Ilkley Lido • Friends of Ilkley Lido . 2023-09-17 . en-GB.
  9. http://www.lidos.org.uk Lidos in the United Kingdom
  10. News: BBC News. Suburb's Victorian lido reopens. The pool water is heated by solar panels on the roof. The Victorian Clifton Lido in Bristol has reopened after two decades and a £2m revamp.. 24 November 2008. 21 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20081204063937/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/bristol/7746314.stm. 4 December 2008. live.
  11. News: Banbury Lido makes late comeback. oxfordmail.co.uk. 4 August 2009. Sam Mcgregor. The £1.5m refurbishment included altering the depth levels, upgrading the water circulation system and improving the overall appearance of the pool.. 21 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043828/http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/news/yourtown/banbury/4528748.Banbury_Lido_makes_late_comeback/. 22 February 2018. live.
  12. News: Charlton Lido celebrates 5000 visitors since last month's reopening. 10 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150211142131/http://www.newsshopper.co.uk/news/9870964.Charlton_Lido_celebrates_5_000_visitors_since_last_month_s_reopening/. 11 February 2015. live.
  13. News: Brighton Argus. Lido restoration plans wins £2.3m cash boost. 11 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150211142916/http://www.theargus.co.uk/NEWS/11748379.Lido_restoration_plans_wins___2_3m_cash_boost/. 11 February 2015. live.
  14. Web site: Saltdean Lido: Swimming pool reopens after seven-year revamp. BBC. 17 June 2017. 18 June 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170618054516/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-sussex-40304628. 18 June 2017. live.
  15. News: Wales Online. Picture reveals 'huge' progress on restoration of Pontypridd's famous Grade II listed Lido. 10 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150211164317/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/pontypridds-famous-grade-ii-listed-7471569. 11 February 2015. live.
  16. https://en-gb.facebook.com/BBC3CR BBC 3 Counties Radio
  17. https://www.facebook.com/woburnlido/?ref=br_rs woburnlido at facebook.com
  18. http://www.woburnvillage.co.uk/pool.html Woburn Lido
  19. News: Westmorland Gazette. Grange-over-sands lido at the centre of heritage battle. 1 September 2011. Kate Liddiard. English Heritage’s decision to classify the 1930s lido at Grange-over-Sands as a listed building has been described as ‘bonkers’ by a businessman who has vowed to fight the decision.. 21 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043843/http://www.thewestmorlandgazette.co.uk/news/9225891.Grange_over_Sands_lido_at_the_centre_of_heritage_battle/. 22 February 2018. live.
  20. News: The Guardian. Campaign to save Grange-over-sands lido. 28 June 2011. Helen Carter. It's the last remaining lido in the north of England after the demolition and infilling of similar structures at Blackpool, Scarborough and Morecambe. 21 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180307052318/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/the-northerner/2011/jun/28/campaigners-vie-save-historic-seaside-lido. 7 March 2018. live.
  21. http://www.arundel-lido.com Arundel Lido
  22. http://www.arundel-lido.com/project-leap/ Project LEAP – Planning Permission Granted 2018 (...formally approved on 15th June 2018)
  23. Web site: Point 6 - Tinside Pool . Coast Walks . BBC . BBC . 2005 . 2018-11-09 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170705195744/http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/content/articles/2005/06/07/coast05walks_stage6_feature.shtml . 5 July 2017 . live .
  24. News: The Guardian. Open-air swimming pool plans to launch in middle of Thames in London. 25 January 2015. Aisha Garni. Initial designs for the Thames Baths, which is to open next year on the Victoria Embankment if planning permission is granted, feature a 25-metre by 10-metre main pool, filtration system and pool-side decking.. 12 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20190804184405/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/jan/25/open-air-swimming-pool-thames-baths-london. 4 August 2019. live. Accessed 27 June 2017
  25. News: Architects Journal. Studio Octopi has won an invited competition to draw up plans for a new lido at Peckham Rye in South London. 10 April 2015. Laura Mark. The plans include a 50m heated pool surrounded by smaller natural pools that would draw water from the underground River Peck which runs directly beneath the site.. 22 April 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150712170219/http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/studio-octopi-lands-peckham-rye-lido-job/8681095.article. 12 July 2015. live. Accessed 27 June 2017
  26. News: The Guardian. King's Cross Pond Club: outdoor swimming in the city. 10 January 2015. Sally Goble. Nestled between several large building sites at the end of Cubitt Park, just north of Regent's Canal, the King's Cross Pond Club will be a new kind of hybrid swimming experience: a synthetic, unheated swimming pond, filtered by plants and surrounded by nature.. 12 April 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20171010023528/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/the-swimming-blog/2015/jan/12/kings-cross-pond-club-outdoor-swimming-in-the-city. 10 October 2017. live. Accessed 27 June 2017
  27. https://www.n-somerset.gov.uk/news/marine-lake-re-opens-to-the-public/ Marine Lake re-opens to the public

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