Heteroconchia Explained

Heteroconchia is a taxonomic infraclass of diverse bivalve molluscs, belonging to the subclass Autobranchia.^[1]

This infraclass includes the cockles, Venus clams, the freshwater mussels, brooch clams, as well as Heterodonta and Archiheterodonta.^[2]

Description

These bivalves are distinguished by having the two halves of the shell equally sized (i.e, they are equivalved) and having a few cardinal teeth separated from a number of long lateral teeth. Their shells lack a nacreous layer, and the gills are lamellibranch in form. Most species have a siphon.^[3]

Orders and families

The following tree is their info which has been updated with the latest information from the World Register of Marine Species:^[1]

Infraclass: Heteroconchia

Unclassified family: †Lipanellidae
Subterclass: Archiheterodonta^[4]
- Order: †Actinodontida^[5]
  - Superfamily: †Amnigenioidea
    - Family: †Amnigeniidae
    - Family: †Montanariidae
    - Family: †Zadimerodiidae
  - Superfamily: †Anodontopsoidea
    - Family: †Actinodontidae
    - Family: †Anodontopsidae
    - Family: †Baidiostracidae
    - Family: †Cycloconchidae
    - Family: †Intihuarellidae
    - Family: †Redoniidae^[6]
  - Superfamily: †Nyassoidea
    - Family: †Nyassidae
  - Superfamily: †Oriocrassatelloidea
    - Family: †Crassatellopsidae
    - Family: †Oriocrassatellidae
  - Superfamily: †Palaeomuteloidea
    - Family: †Palaeomutelidae
- Order: Carditida
  - Unclassified family: †Archaeocardiidae
  - Unclassified family: †Eodonidae
  - Superfamily: Carditoidea
    - Family: †Cardiniidae
    - Family: Carditidae
    - Family: Condylocardiidae
  - Superfamily: Crassatelloidea
    - Family: †Aenigmoconchidae
    - Family: Astartidae
    - Family: Crassatellidae
    - Family: †Myophoricardiidae
Subterclass: Euheterodonta
- Unassigned Euheterodonta
  - Superfamily: †Babinkoidea
  - Superfamily: †Orthonotoidea
- Superorder: Anomalodesmata
  - Superfamily: Clavagelloidea
    - Family: Clavagellidae
    - Family: Penicillidae
  - Superfamily: Cuspidarioidea
    - Family: Cuspidariidae
    - Family: Halonymphidae
    - Family: Protocuspidariidae
    - Family: Spheniopsidae
  - Superfamily: Myochamoidea
    - Family: Cleidothaeridae
    - Family: Myochamidae
  - Superfamily: Pandoroidea
    - Family: Lyonsiidae
    - Family: Pandoridae
  - Superfamily: Pholadomyoidea
    - Family: †Arenigomyidae
    - Family: †Margaritariidae
    - Family: Parilimyidae
    - Family: Pholadomyidae
    - Family: †Ucumariidae
  - Superfamily: Poromyoidea
    - Family: Cetoconchidae
    - Family: Poromyidae
  - Superfamily: Thracioidea
    - Family: †Burmesiidae
    - Family: Clistoconchidae
    - Family: Laternulidae
    - Family: Periplomatidae
    - Family: Thraciidae
  - Superfamily: Verticordioidea
    - Family: Euciroidae
    - Family: Lyonsiellidae
    - Family: Verticordiidae
- Superorder: Imparidentia^[7]
  - Unassigned Imparidentia
    - Unassigned Family: †Palaeocarditidae
    - Superfamily: Cyamioidea
      - Family: Cyamiidae
      - Family: Galatheavalvidae
      - Family: Sportellidae
    - Superfamily: Gaimardioidea
      - Family: Gaimardiidae
    - Superfamily: †Grammysioidea
      - Family: †Grammysiidae
      - Family: †Sanguinolitidae
    - Superfamily: †Kalenteroidea
      - Family: †Kalenteridae
  - Order: Adapedonta^[8]
    - Superfamily: †Edmondioidea
      - Family: †Edmondiidae
      - Family: †Pachydomidae
    - Superfamily: Hiatelloidea
      - Family: Hiatellidae
    - Superfamily: Solenoidea
      - Family: Pharidae
      - Family: Solenidae
  - Order: Cardiida^[9]
    - Superfamily: Cardioidea
      - Family: Cardiidae
      - Family: †Pterocardiidae
    - Superfamily: Tellinoidea
      - Family: Donacidae
      - Family: †Icanotiidae
      - Family: Psammobiidae
      - Family: †Quenstedtiidae
      - Family: Semelidae
      - Family: Solecurtidae
      - Family: †Sowerbyidae
      - Family: †Tancrediidae
      - Family: Tellinidae
      - Family: †Unicardiopsidae
  - Order: Galeommatida^[10]
    - Superfamily: Galeommatoidea
      - Family: Basterotiidae
      - Family: Galeommatidae
      - Family: Lasaeidae
  - Order: Gastrochaenida^[11]
    - Superfamily: Gastrochaenoidea
      - Family: Gastrochaenidae
  - Order: †Hippuritida (rudists)^[12]
    - Suborder: †Hippuritidina
      - Superfamily: †Caprinoidea
        Family: †Antillocaprinidae
        
        Family: †Caprinidae
        
        Family: †Caprinuloideidae
        
        Family: †Ichthyosarcolitidae
      - Superfamily: †Radiolitoidea
        Family: †Caprinulidae
        
        Family: †Caprotinidae
        
        Family: †Diceratidae
        
        Family: †Hippuritidae
        
        Family: †Monopleuridae
        
        Family: †Plagioptychidae
        
        Family: †Polyconitidae
        
        Family: †Radiolitidae
        
        Family: †Trechmannellidae
    - Suborder: †Requieniidina
      - Superfamily: †Requienioidea
        Family: †Epidiceratidae
        
        Family: †Requieniidae
  - Order: Lucinida
    - Superfamily: Lucinoidea
      - Family: Lucinidae
      - Family: †Mactromyidae
      - Family: †Paracyclidae
    - Superfamily: Thyasiroidea
      - Family: Thyasiridae
  - Order: †Megalodontida^[13]
    - Superfamily: †Mecynodontoidea
      - Family: †Beichuaniidae
      - Family: †Congeriomorphidae
      - Family: †Mecynodontidae
      - Family: †Plethocardiidae
      - Family: †Prosocoelidae
    - Superfamily: †Megalodontoidea
      - Family: †Ceratomyopsidae
      - Family: †Dicerocardiidae
      - Family: †Megalodontidae
      - Family: †Pachyrismatidae
      - Family: †Wallowaconchidae
  - Order: †Modiomorphida^[14]
    - Superfamily: †Modiomorphoidea
      - Family: †Cypricardiniidae
      - Family: †Hippopodiumidae
      - Family: †Modiomorphidae
      - Family: †Palaeopharidae
      - Family: †Tusayanidae
  - Order: Myida
    - Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
      - Family: Dreissenidae
    - Superfamily: Myoidea
      - Family: Corbulidae
      - Family: Myidae
      - Family: †Pleurodesmatidae
      - Family: †Raetomyidae
    - Superfamily: Pholadoidea
      - Family: Pholadidae
      - Family: Teredinidae (shipworms)
      - Family: Xylophagaidae
    - Superfamily: †Pleuromyoidea
      - Family: †Ceratomyidae
      - Family: †Pleuromyidae
      - Family: †Vacunellidae
  - Order: Sphaeriida^[15]
    - Superfamily: Sphaerioidea
      - Family: †Neomiodontidae
      - Family: Sphaeriidae
  - Order: Venerida
    - Superfamily: †Anthracosioidea
      - Family: †Anthracosiidae
      - Family: †Ferganoconchida
      - Family: †Shaanxiconchidae
    - Superfamily: Arcticoidea
      - Family: Arcticidae
      - Family: †Pollicidae
      - Family: Trapezidae
      - Family: †Veniellidae
    - Superfamily: Chamoidea
      - Family: Chamidae
    - Superfamily: Cyrenoidea
      - Family: Cyrenidae
      - Family: Cyrenoididae
      - Family: Glauconomidae
    - Superfamily: Glossoidea
      - Family: Glossidae
      - Family: Kelliellidae
      - Family: †Lutetiidae
      - Family: Vesicomyidae
    - Superfamily: Hemidonacoidea
      - Family: Hemidonacidae
    - Superfamily: Mactroidea
      - Family: Anatinellidae
      - Family: Cardiliidae
      - Family: Mactridae
      - Family: Mesodesmatidae
    - Superfamily: †Palaeanodontoidea
      - Family: †Palaeanodontidae
    - Superfamily: †Prilukielloidea
      - Family: †Prilukiellidae
      - Family: †Senderzoniellidae
    - Superfamily: Ungulinoidea
      - Family: Ungulinidae
    - Superfamily: Veneroidea
      - Family: †Isocyprinidae
      - Family: Neoleptonidae
      - Family: Veneridae
Subterclass: Paleoheterodonta^[16]
- Unassigned Family: Lyrodesmatidae^[17]
- Unassigned Family: Pseudarcidae
- Unassigned Family: Thoraliidae
- Order: Unionida
  - Unassigned Genus †Araripenaia
  - Unassigned Family †Pachycardiidae
  - Superfamily Etherioidea
  - Superfamily †Silesunionoidea
  - Superfamily †Tamesnelloidea
  - Superfamily Unionoidea
- Order: Trigoniida
  - Superfamily †Megatrigonioidea
  - Superfamily Myophorelloidea
  - Superfamily Pseudocardinioidea
  - Superfamily Trigonioidea
  - Superfamily Trigonioidoidea
  - Superfamily Trigonodoidea
Subterclass: Heterodonta

Notes and References

Heteroconchia . 1424949 . 13 February 2022.
Web site: Molluscabase - Heteroconchia . 2023-08-11 . www.molluscabase.org.
Book: Barnes, Robert D. . 1982 . Invertebrate Zoology . Holt-Saunders International . Philadelphia, PA. 340. 0-03-056747-5.
Giribet G. 2008. Bivalvia. Pp. 105-141, in: Ponder W.F. & Lindberg D.L. (eds), Molluscan Phylogeny. Berkeley: University of California Press, xi+469 pp.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Actinodontida †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-02.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Redoniidae Babin, 1966 †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-02.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Imparidentia. www.marinespecies.org. en. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Adapedonta. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Cardiida. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Galeommatida. www.marinespecies.org. en. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Gastrochaenida. www.marinespecies.org. en. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Hippuritida †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Megalodontida †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Modiomorphida †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-03.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Sphaeriida. www.marinespecies.org. en. 2019-04-03.
Web site: Molluscabase - Palaeoheterodonta . 2023-08-11 . www.molluscabase.org . en.
Web site: WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Lyrodesmatidae P. Fischer, 1886 †. www.marinespecies.org. 2019-04-02.