Hesperophylax occidentalis explained

Hesperophylax occidentalis is a species of caddisfly found mainly in streams and permanent ponds. Eggs are oviposited under submerged rocks. This species has a univoltine life history.^[1] It affixed its pupal case to stones. ^[2]

Notes and References

1. Martinson . Robert J. . Ward . James V. . Life History and Ecology of Hesperophylax occidentalis (Banks) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) from Three Springs in the Piceance Basin, Colorado . Freshwater Invertebrate Biology . 1982 . 1 . 3 . 41–47 . 10.2307/3259435 . 3259435 . 0738-2189.
2. Wissinger . S.A. . Brown . W.S. . Jannot . J.E. . Caddisfly life histories along permanence gradients in high-altitude wetlands in Colorado (U.S.A.) . Freshwater Biology . February 2003 . 48 . 2 . 255–270 . 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.00997.x .