Hermacha Explained

Hermacha is a genus of mygalomorphae spiders in the family Entypesidae. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889.^[1] Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Entypesidae in 2020.^[2] It is a senior synonym of Damarchodes and Hermachola.

Species

it contains 17 species, found in Africa, Colombia, and Brazil:^[3]

• Hermacha anomala (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
• Hermacha brevicauda Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
• Hermacha caudata Simon, 1889 (type) – Mozambique
• Hermacha conspersa Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
• Hermacha evanescens Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
• Hermacha fossor (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
• Hermacha fulva Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
• Hermacha itatiayae Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
• Hermacha lanata Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
• Hermacha maraisae Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha mazoena Hewitt, 1915 – South Africa
• Hermacha montana Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha nigrispinosa Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
• Hermacha purcelli (Simon, 1903) – South Africa
• Hermacha septemtrionalis Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha sericea Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
• Hermacha tuckeri Raven, 1985 – South Africa

Formerly included:

• H. bicolor (Pocock, 1897) (Transferred to Brachytheliscus)
• H. capensis (Ausserer, 1871) (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. crudeni Hewitt, 1913 (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. grahami (Hewitt, 1915) (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. iricolor Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Transferred to Rachias)
• H. leporina Simon, 1891 (Transferred to Stenoterommata)
• H. curvipes Purcell, 1902 (Transferred to Ekapa)
• H. nigra Tucker, 1917 (Transferred to Ekapa)'

Nomen dubium

• H. nigromarginata Strand, 1907

See also

• List of Entypesidae species

Further reading

• Tucker. R. W. E.. 1917. On some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae and Dipluridae. Annals of the South African Museum. 79–138. 17.
• Raven. R. J.. 1985. The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 1–180. 182.
• Purcell. W. F.. 1902. New South African trap-door spiders of the family Ctenizidae in the collection of the South African Museum. Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 348–382. 11. 10.1080/21560382.1900.9525972.
• Hewitt. J.. 1915. New South African Arachnida. Annals of the Natal Museum. 289–327. 3. 10.5962/bhl.part.7433.
• Purcell. W. F.. 1903. New South African spiders of the families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Barychelidae Dipluridae, and Lycosidae. Annals of the South African Museum. 69–142. 3.

Notes and References

1. Simon. E.. 1889. Descriptions d'espèces africaines nouvelles de la famille des Aviculariidae. Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux. 405–415. 42. Eugène_Simon.
2. Opatova. V.. etal. 2020. Phylogenetic systematics and evolution of the spider infraorder Mygalomorphae using genomic scale data. Systematic Biology. 69. 4. 701–702. 10.1093/sysbio/syz064. 31841157. free.
3. Gen. Hermacha Simon, 1889. World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. 2020-07-11. 2020. Natural History Museum Bern. 10.24436/2. Gloor. Daniel. Nentwig. Wolfgang. Blick. Theo. Kropf. Christian.