Herbert McLean Evans explained

Herbert Evans
Birth Name:	Herbert McLean Evans
Birth Date:	23 September 1882
Birth Place:	Modesto, California
Death Place:	Berkeley, California
Fields:	Anatomy, embryology
Workplaces:	Johns Hopkins University, UC Berkeley
Education:	Johns Hopkins University, UC Berkeley
Notable Students:	Miriam Elizabeth Simpson
Known For:	Isolating human growth hormone, discovery of vitamin E

Herbert McLean Evans (September 23, 1882 – March 6, 1971) was an American anatomist and embryologist best known for co-discovering Vitamin E.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Education

He was born in Modesto, California. In 1908, he obtained his medical degree from Johns Hopkins University.

Career

Evans became associate professor of anatomy at Johns Hopkins University. Evans moved back to California in 1915 and was made professor of anatomy at the University of California, Berkeley, and held that position until his death.

His medical research at Berkeley addressed problems relating to human nutrition, endocrinology, embryology, and histology. In 1918, his research into the number of human chromosomes led him to believe the number to be 48, when most people assumed the number to be much higher. It was only later discovered that the correct figure was 46. Evans had much greater success however with hormones extracted from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. He isolated Human Growth Hormone, which is essential for human growth and development. In 1922 along with Katharine Scott Bishop, during feeding experiments on rats, he co-discovered Vitamin E which is needed for human reproduction.^[5] Evans became director of the Institute of Experimental Biology at Berkeley in 1931. With Gladys Anderson Emerson, he reported the isolation of the pure Vitamin E from wheat germ in 1937.^[6] He also determined the formula C₂₉H₅₀O₂.^{[7] [8]} Evans was also instrumental in developing reproductive systems research with Miriam Elizabeth Simpson and Choh Hao Li, by studying the oestrus cycle of rats.

Evans is also credited with developing Evans blue, a method which determines blood volume in humans and animals.

Evans took a strong interest in the history of science and was an active collector of rare books in the field. His collection was later acquired by the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin.

He died in Berkeley, California, aged 88.

Quotation

• "No single feature of man's past equals in importance his attempt to understand the forces of Nature and himself."

Bibliography

• Evans, H. McLean (1904) A New Cestraciont Spine from the Lower Triassic of Idaho. The University Press: Berkeley, California.
• Evans, H. McLean and Scott, Katharine J. (1921) On the Differential Reaction to Vital Dyes Exhibited by the Two Groups of Connective-tissue Cells. Carnegie Institution of Washington.
• Evans, H. McLean and Long, Joseph A. (1922) The oestrous cycle in the rat and its associated phenomena. Univ. of California Press: Berkeley, California.
• Evans, H. McLean and Cole, Harold H. (1931) An Introduction to the Study of the Oestrous Cycle in the Dog. University of California Press: Berkeley, California.
• Evans, H. McLean and Swezy, Olive (1931) Ovogenesis and the Normal Follicular Cycle in Adult Mammalia. University of California Press: Berkeley, California.
• Evans, H. McLean and Becks, Hermann (1953) Atlas of the Skeletal Development of the Rat (Long-Evans strain): normal and hypophysectomized. American Institute of Dental Medicine: San Francisco.
• Evans, H. McLean, ed. (1959) Men and Moments in the History of Science. University of Washington Press: Seattle.

External links

• National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

Notes and References

1. Mohammad . A. . Emerson . O. H. . Emerson . G. A. . Evans . H. M. . Multiple Nature of the Rat "filtrate Factor"--A Component of Vitamin B2 . 10.1126/science.90.2338.377 . Science . 90 . 2338 . 377 . 1939 . 17754630 . 1939Sci....90..377M .
2. Emerson . O. H. . Emerson . G. A. . Evans . H. M. . 10.1126/science.89.2304.183 . The Occurrence of Gamma Tocopherol in Corn Embryo Oil . Science . 89 . 2304 . 183 . 1939 . 17834212 . 1939Sci....89..183E .
3. Evans . H. M. . Emerson . G. A. . Emerson . O. H. . 10.1126/science.88.2271.38 . The Chemistry of Vitamin E. Ii. Biological Assays of Various Synthetic Compounds . Science . 88 . 2271 . 38–39 . 1938 . 17780891 . 1938Sci....88...38E .
4. Emerson . O. H. . Emerson . G. A. . Evans . H. M. . 10.1126/science.83.2157.421 . The Isolation from Cottonseed Oil of an Alcohol Resembling Alpha Tocopherol from Wheat Germ Oil . Science . 83 . 2157 . 421 . 1936 . 17740452 . 1936Sci....83..421E .
5. Evans . H. M. . Bishop . K. S. . 10.1126/science.56.1458.650 . On the Existence of a Hitherto Unrecognized Dietary Factor Essential for Reproduction . Science . 56 . 1458 . 650–651 . 1922 . 17838496 . 1922Sci....56..650E . 2024-03-31 . 2022-10-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027063908/https://zenodo.org/record/1448277 . live .
6. Book: Bowden. Mary Ellen. Crow. Amy Beth. Sullivan. Tracy. Pharmaceutical achievers : the human face of pharmaceutical research. 2003. Chemical Heritage Press. Philadelphia, PA. 978-0-941901-30-7. 35–37. 27 October 2015.
7. Evans H. M. . Emerson O. H. . Emerson G. A. . The isolation from wheat germ oil of an alcohol, a-tocopherol, having the properties of vitamin E . Journal of Biological Chemistry . February 1, 1936 . 113 . 1 . 319–332 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)74918-1 . free .
8. Evans . H. M. . Emerson . O. H. . Emerson . G. A. . 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1974.tb06280.x . THE ISOLATION FROM WHEAT GERM OIL OF AN ALCOHOL, α-TOCOPHEROL, HAVING THE PROPERTIES OF VITAMIN E . Nutrition Reviews . 32 . 3 . 80–82 . 2009 . 4593257.