| Birth Date: | 1 October 1900 |
| Birth Place: | Ring, Horsens, Denmark |
| Death Date: | 24 September 1949 (aged 48) |
| Death Place: | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Sport: | Athletics |
| Event: | Pole vault |
| Pb: | 4.038 (1925) |
| Club: | KIF Copenhagen |
| Show-Medals: | yes |
Henry Petersen (1 October 1900 – 24 September 1949) was a Danish athlete. He competed in the pole vault at the 1920 and 1924 Olympics and won a silver medal in 1920, placing fourth in 1924.[1] Petersen won the national pole vault title in 1920–21, 1923 and 1925–27 and improved the national record eight times from 3.69 m in 1919 to 4.03 m in 1925. He also held three national titles in the sprint relay (1919–20 and 1922) and five in team gymnastics events (between 1921 and 1927). He retired from sport shortly before the 1928 Olympics due to tuberculosis. He was an engineer by profession.