Henry Pellew, 6th Viscount Exmouth explained

Honorific Prefix:The Right Honourable
The Viscount Exmouth
Birth Name:Henry Edward Pellew
Birth Date:26 April 1828
Birth Place:Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom
Death Place:Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting Place:Oak Hill Cemetery
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Education:Eton College
Alma Mater:Trinity College, Cambridge
Parents:George Pellew
Frances Addington
Spouse:
    Children:4, including Charles
    Relations:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth (grandfather)
    Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth (grandfather)

    Henry Edward Pellew, 6th Viscount Exmouth (26 April 1828 – 4 February 1923) was a British peer and a naturalised United States citizen who inherited the title of Viscount Exmouth at the age of 94 from a cousin, and held the title for less than a year before his own death. Although born and educated in Britain, he moved to America in 1873 shortly after his second marriage and lived there for the rest of his life, carrying out charitable works.

    Early life

    Pellew was born on 26 April 1828 in Canterbury, Kent.[1] His father, George Pellew, who was Dean of Norwich, was the third son of Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, a British admiral who saw action in the American War of Independence and the Napoleonic Wars.[2] Henry was his only son. His mother was Frances Addington, a daughter of Viscount Sidmouth.[3]

    Pellew was educated at Eton College, before studying at Trinity College, Cambridge, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1850. Whilst at Cambridge University, he won his "Blue" by rowing for the University Boat Club against Oxford in the Boat Race in 1849.

    Career

    He was one of the founders of Keble College, Oxford and served on the Council of the college from its foundation in 1870 until 1873. He was also a magistrate for the county of Middlesex, serving on the boards of various charities, hospitals and schools in and around London.

    Pellew carried on working for various good causes in America, as he had in Britain, even after his ninetieth birthday. He helped to organise the Bureau of Charities in New York, working with the future President Theodore Roosevelt. He helped to set up coffee houses for poor people, a free lending library, and night shelters, as well as helping improve housing conditions. He was President of the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor and of the St George Society, a British-American group in New York; he also belonged to the Society for Sanitary Reform and the School Commission. He helped with the plans for Washington National Cathedral.

    Peerage

    In August 1922, Edward Pellew, 5th Viscount Exmouth, a distant cousin, died without descendants and his titles (Viscount Exmouth and two other titles earlier created for the 1st Viscount, namely Baron Exmouth and a baronetcy) passed to Pellew as the closest male relative. He attempted to renounce the peerage (the U.S. Constitution prohibits any "person holding any office of profit or trust under them" from "without the consent of the Congress, accept[ing] any . . . title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state."[4]) in favour of his son Charles Pellew, but was told by the British Embassy in Washington that this was not possible. In any event, he preferred to remain known as "Mr Henry Edward Pellew" rather than use the title of Viscount.

    Personal life

    On 5 October 1858 Pellew married Eliza Constable Jay in Bedford, New York.[5] Eliza was the daughter of Judge William Jay and Hannah Augusta (McVickar) Jay from New York and a granddaughter of John Jay. She was a descendant of the Van Cortlandt, Livingston, and Schuyler families.[6] They had three children:

    His first wife died in England in 1869 and, on 14 May 1873, he married her youngest sister, Augusta Jay, in Vienna. The marriage was not recognised as valid at that time in English law.[12] In the same year (possibly because of this, suggested his obituary in The Times) he moved to New York City, and later to Washington, D.C. He became a naturalised citizen of the United States on 25 September 1877.[1] [13] One daughter was born to this marriage:

    He died in Washington on 4 February 1923,[15] funeral services were held at St. John's Church on 7 February 1923,[16] and he was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.[17] A memorial plaque was erected in St. James Church in Christow, Devon. It states in part, "Kind, wise, and generous, he never forgot his duty to his neighbour, and wherever he lived, he made the community happier and better for his presence and his influence."

    He was succeeded in his titles by his son, Charles Pellew.[18]

    Arms

    Escutcheon:Gules a lion passant guardant in chief two chaplets of laurel Or on a chief of augmentation wavy a representation of Algiers with a British Man-of-War before it all Proper.
    Crest:Upon the waves of the sea the wreck of the Dutton East Indianman upon a rocky shore off Plymouth garrison all Proper.
    Supporters:Dexter a lion rampant guardant Or navally crowned Azure resting the dexter paw upon a decrescent Argent, sinister a male figure representing slavery trowsers Argent striped Azure the upper part of the body naked holding in the dexter hand broken chains Proper the sinister arm elevated and holding a cross Or.
    Motto:Deo Adjuvante (over the crest), Algiers (under the shield) [19]

    Notes and References

    1. U.S. Passport application, 1891.
    2. Christopher D. . Hall. Pellew, Edward, first Viscount Exmouth (1757–1833). May 2009 . 10.1093/ref:odnb/21808 . 23 November 2009.
    3. News: The New York Herald. New Yorker Is Heir To British Peerage . 1. 18 August 1922.
    4. U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 9.
    5. Book: Barber, Gertrude A. . 1937 . Marriages Taken From the New York Evening Post, From Feb. 5, 1856 to Apr. 6, 1859, Volume 16 . New York . 89.
    6. News: JAY'S LIFE AND WRITINGS.; JOHN JAY. By GEORGE PELLEW. [American Statesmen Series.] Boston and New-York: HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO. 1890. THE CORRESPONDENCE AND PUBLIC PAPERS OF JOHN JAY. 1763-1781. Edited by HENRY P. JOHNSTON, A.M., Professor of History in the College of the City of New-York. Vol. I. New-York: G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS. 1890. ]. 13 July 2022 . . 27 July 1890.
    7. News: DIED -- PELLEW . 13 July 2022 . . 19 February 1892.
    8. News: VISCOUNT EXMOUTH, ONCE PROFESSOR HERE . 13 July 2022 . . 11 June 1945.
    9. News: Times . the New York Times Company Special Cable To the New York . HON. ANNA PELLEW DEAD.; Was Daughter of Viscount Exmouth a Former New Yorker. . 13 July 2022 . . 14 January 1928.
    10. News: NEXT LADY EXMOUTH WILL BE AMERICAN; Miss Mabel Gray Confirms Re- port of Engagement to Prof. Charles E. Pellew. . 13 July 2022 . . 11 February 1923.
    11. News: VISCOUNTESS EXMOUTH . 13 July 2022 . . 31 March 1949.
    12. News: The New York Times. Married . 5. 5 June 1873.
    13. Duplicate copy of the U.S. Naturalization Certificate of Henry Pellew, 1877.
    14. News: AUNT GETS ESTATE OF ANNA C. PELLEW; Daughter of Viscount Exmouth Left All to Relative Except $10,000 to a Friend. . 13 July 2022 . . 8 February 1928.
    15. News: The Times. Death of Lord Exmouth. American Citizen And Social Worker. 12. 6 February 1923.
    16. News: The New York Times. Died. 19. 6 February 1923.
    17. Web site: Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, D.C. (Amphitheater) - Lot 48 East . oakhillcemeterydc.org . 2022-08-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220302053755/https://www.oakhillcemeterydc.org/app/themes/oakhill/assets/records/48e.pdf . 2022-03-02 . live.
    18. News: H. E. PELLEW DEAD; VISCOUNT EXMOUTH; Philanthropist Who Was Raised to Peerage Last August Dies in Washington at 94-. . 13 July 2022 . . 5 February 1923.
    19. Book: Burke's Peerage . 1838.