Helmut Lipfert Explained

Helmut Lipfert
Birth Date:6 August 1916
Birth Place:Lippelsdorf, Saxe-Meiningen, German Empire
Death Place:Einbeck, West Germany
Branch:Army (1937–41)
Luftwaffe (1941–45)
Serviceyears:1937–45
Rank:Hauptmann (Captain)
Commands:4./JG 52, 6./JG 52, I./JG 53
Unit:1st Panzer Division
JG 52, JG 53
Awards:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
Laterwork:school teacher

Helmut Lipfert (6 August 1916 – 10 August 1990) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. Lipfert ranks as the world's thirteenth fighter ace. Lipfert was credited with 203 victories achieved in 687 combat missions. All his victories were claimed over the Eastern Front and included a P-51 Mustang, 41 Yakovlev Yak-1, 41 Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters, two four-engine bombers and 39 Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft. He was shot down fifteen times, without being injured.

Early life and career

Lipfert was born on 6 August 1916 in Lippelsdorf, present-day a borough of Gräfenthal, at the time in Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, as part of the German Empire. Following the compulsory labour service (Reichsarbeitsdienst), Lipfert joined the military service with Nachrichten-Abteilung 37 (37th Signals Battalion), a unit of 1st Panzer Division on 3 November 1937.

World War II

World War II in Europe had begun on Friday, 1 September 1939, when German forces invaded Poland. Lipfert, who held the rank of Unteroffizier (sergeant), participated in the Invasion of Poland and in the Battle of France as a member of the 1st Panzer Division. In early 1941, he transferred to the Luftwaffe where he trained as a fighter pilot.[1] He was promoted to Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel (officer cadet) on 16 June 1942 and to Leutnant (second lientenant) on 1 August 1942.

Lipfert was then posted to the Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost (Supplementary Fighter Group, East) based at Saint-Jean-d'Angély, France and then via the Frontleitstelle Krakau, front dispatch center based at Krakau, to 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) on 16 December 1942.[2] At the time, JG 52 was based on the southern sector of the Eastern Front in the vicinity of Stalingrad. His 6. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Rudolf Resch and subordinated to II. Gruppe (4th group) of JG 52 headed by Hauptmann Johannes Steinhoff. The Gruppe was based at an airfield near Morozovsk and fighting in the Battle of Stalingrad.

Eastern Front

On 18 December 1942, on one of his first combat missions, Lipfert made a forced landing in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummber 14154—factory number) due to engine failure. He is remembered by contemporaries as a consistent, professional pilot and leader. He withdrew often from squadron mates into long periods of contemplation. On 22 January 1943, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Rostov-on-Don. There, Lipfert claimed his first aerial victory over a Lavochkin La-5, a radial engined fighter aircraft, on the 30 January, near Malaya Balabinka, approximately 80km (50miles) east of Rostov-on-Don.

On 20 March 1943, Lipfert was appointed acting Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 4. Staffel (4th squadron) of JG 52. He replaced Leutnant Wolf-Dieter von Coester in this capacity who had been killed in action that day. Following the death of Oberleutnant Karl Ritzenberger on 24 May, Lipfert was transferred to take command of 6. Staffel (4th squadron) of JG 52. He was succeeded by Leutnant Heinrich Sturm as commander of 4. Staffel.

On 8 October, he shot down five Russian aircraft (kills 30 to 34). Four more are shot down on 5 December and his score raises to 72. By the end of 1943 his victories total had reached 80. On 5 April 1944, his 90th air victory had won him the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). Six days later, 11 April 1944, an "all-white Sturmovik" provided him with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 69th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.

The last Germans had to evacuate from Crimea in May, retiring to Kherson. There, the Luftwaffe Gruppen were subjected to near-constant Soviet bombing raids, and Lipfert's 6./JG 52, in particular, lost a number of aircraft. On 11 June 1944 he destroyed his first United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) four engined bomber, a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress north-northwest of Tătăruși, his 127th aerial victory. Two weeks later, on the 24 of June, he downed a Consolidated B-24 Liberator over Ștefănești in the historical Romanian region of Moldavia ("victim" number 128). His 150th claim came on 24 October 1944: a Yakovlev Yak-7 over Feherto, Hungary.

Group commander

Lipfert was appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing) on 15 February 1945. He thus replace Hauptmann Erich Hartmann who had briefly led the Gruppe after its former commander, Major Jürgen Harder, was transferred. Command of 6. Staffel of JG 52 was given to Leutnant Heinz Ewald. At the time, the Gruppe was based in Veszprém and had been fighting in the siege of Budapest, where German forces had surrendered on 13 February. The Gruppe then supported German forces in Operation Southwind, eliminating the Soviet bridgehead on the west bank of the river Hron, predominantly fighting over Esztergom. On 20 February, Lipfert was ordered to move the Gruppe to Piešťany, located approximately 75abbr=offNaNabbr=off northeast of Vienna, where they arrived the following day. The following day, I. Gruppe again flew combat air patrols over Esztergom. That day, Lipfert claimed his first two aerial victories with JG 53 when he shot down a La-5 and Yak-3 fighter, taking his total to 181. By 25 February, German forces had eliminated the Soviet bridgehead west of the Hron. That day, I. Gruppe flew combat missions to Zvolen (German: Altsohl). On a morning mission, Lipfert claimed a Yak-9 fighter shot down.

On 26 February, water from the Váh started flooding the airfield at Piešťany. The airfield had to be abandoned and I. Gruppe first moved to Pápa before returning to Veszprém on 28 February. Lipfert claimed his 183rd aerial victory, an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft, on 8 March. The following day, German forces attacked Soviet position on both sides of Lake Balaton during Operation Spring Awakening. Supporting this operation, I. Gruppe flew many missions to the combat areas near Zvolen and Székesfehérvár (German: Stuhlweißenburg). On 11 March, Lipfert shot down a Yak-3 fighter near Sárbogárd and another Yak-3 near Siófok. From 12 to 17 March, I. Gruppe continued fighting in the vicinity of Székesfehérvár. In this timeframe, Lipfert claimed his 186th aerial victory on 13 March, his 187th and 188th on 14 March, and his 189th on 17 March. On 20 March, with Soviet forces advancing, ground combat shifted to the area north of Lake Velence and to Székesfehérvár. Flying his second mission of the day, Lipfert shot down two Il-2 ground-attack aircraft, the first near Székesfehérvár, the second near Várpalota. On 22 March, the airfield Veszprém was taken by Soviet forces and the Gruppe relocated to Pápa where they were joined by the Stab (headquarters unit) of Jagdgeschwader 76 (JG 76—76th Fighter Wing).

On 5 April, I. Gruppe moved from Fels am Wagram to Brno. Three days later, Lipfert claimed his 200th aerial victory in the vicinity of Hainburg an der Donau, west of Bratislava. He flew his last and 687th combat mission on 16 April, claiming a Yakovlev Yak-9 fighter shot down, taking his total to 203 aerial victories. The next day, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub). He was the 837th member of the German armed forces to be so honored. The presentation was made by Generalleutnant Paul Deichmann, commanding general of I. Fliegerkorps (1st Air Corps), on 17 April.

After the dissolution of I./JG 53, Lipfert was transferred to 7./JG 52, until the end of the conflict. He claimed 27 unconfirmed victories. After the end of the war he was not turned over to the Soviet forces.

Later life

After the war, Lipfert became a school teacher, and was seldom seen by his war comrades. He died on 10 August 1990 in Einbeck.

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Lipfert was credited with 203 aerial victories. According to Spick, Lipfert was credited with 203 aerial victories claimed in approximately 700 combat missions. All of his aerial victories were claimed on the Eastern Front and includes two USAAF four-engine bombers claimed over Romania. Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 200 aerial victory claims, plus six further unconfirmed claims. This figure of confirmed claims includes 198 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and two on the Western Front, including one four-engined bomber.

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 08693". The Luftwaffe grid map (German: Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360sqmi. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3x in size.

Chronicle of aerial victories
ClaimDateTimeTypeLocationClaimDateTimeTypeLocation
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –
130 January 194312:47La-5PQ 08693, 1km (01miles) north of Malaya-Balabinka927 April 194407:27Yak-7north-northeast of Tschumak
15km (09miles) north-northeast of Tschumak
225 February 194314:58Il-2PQ 34 Ost 86763, 5km (03miles) west of Fedorowskaja938 April 194414:22Il-2 m.H.east of Tschigary
10km (10miles) east of Tschigary
328 February 194313:15LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 75433, 5km (03miles) southeast of Novorossijsk948 April 194414:32R-5southeast of Iwanówka
14km (09miles) southeast of Iwanówka
47 March 194308:20R-52km (01miles) north of Popowitschewskaja959 April 194414:40Yak-7Tomaschewka
6km (04miles) east of Tomaschewka
57 March 194308:23R-5PQ 34 Ost 86731, Iwanowskaja969 April 194415:58Pe-2Gramatikovo
15km (09miles) north of Gramatikovo
614 March 194306:56Il-2PQ 34 Ost 75431, 3km (02miles) southeast of Novorossijsk9710 April 194408:16Yak-7Tomaschewka
12km (07miles) east of Tomaschewka
7?30 March 194306:26LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 86571, 10km (10miles) northwest of Slawjanskaja9810 April 194412:12Il-2 m.H.southeast of Megasinka
8?30 March 194315:15LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 76651, 5km (03miles) northwest of Anastasiewskaja9911 April 194407:02Yak-7Dzhankoi
18km (11miles) west-northwest of Dzhankoi
9?20 April 194306:30MiG-3PQ 34 Ost 85114, 20km (10miles) northwest of Abinskaya10011 April 194409:25Il-2 m.H.Dzhankoi
15km (09miles) northwest of Dzhankoi
1025 June 194316:13LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 76694, 8km (05miles) northeast of Anastasiewskaja10115 April 194410:47?Il-2 m.H.Sevastopol
6km (04miles) southeast of Sevastopol
1125 June 194316:23LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 76692, 1km (01miles) southwest of Deschi10217 April 194415:49Yak-7Dzhankoi
2km (01miles) south of Dzhankoi
1216 July 194305:45Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 86232, 10km (10miles) northwest of Krymskaja10319 April 194414:21P-40Sevastopol
10km (10miles) northwest of Sevastopol
1319 July 194313:55Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 75263, 5km (03miles) southwest of Bakanskaja10419 April 194417:05Il-2 m.H.Sevastopol
12km (07miles) southeast of Sevastopol
1421 July 194309:37Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 76831, 3km (02miles) south of Anastasiewskaja10522 April 194409:40BostonSevastopol
55km (34miles) southwest of Sevastopol
1521 July 194316:43Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 75741, 15km (09miles) southeast of Cape Utrish10627 April 194410:50Yak-7Kadykowka
8km (05miles) southeast of Kadykowka
1623 July 194305:54P-39PQ 34 Ost 76894, 5km (03miles) southeast of Kijewskoje1073 May 194418:35Yak-7north of Belbek
5km (03miles) north of Belbek
1723 July 194317:33Il-2PQ 34 Ost 75264, 10km (10miles) southwest of Krymskaja1084 May 194406:44Yak-710km (10miles) west of Saky
183 September 194310:41La-5PQ 35 Ost 40262, 8km (05miles) south of Kotelwa1094 May 194409:10Yak-7northwest of Belbek
4km (02miles) northwest of Belbek
194 September 194317:17Il-2 m.H.PQ 35 Ost 41574, 2km (01miles) northwest of Jurewka1105 May 194410:38Yak-7southeast of Balaklava
5km (03miles) southeast of Balaklava
205 September 194310:30Yak-1PQ 35 Ost 60343, 4km (02miles) south of Taranowka1115 May 194410:50Yak-7Laspi Bay
3km (02miles) south of Laspi Bay
2121 September 194307:16Yak-1PQ 35 Ost 11142, Kozelets1125 May 194414:05Il-2 m.H.north of Belbek
3km (02miles) north of Belbek
2224 September 194313:55P-40PQ 35 Ost 11751, 3km (02miles) northeast of Jerkowzy1136 May 194407:30Yak-1southwest of Belbek
8km (05miles) southwest of Belbek
2324 September 194316:40La-5PQ 35 Ost 11714, 10km (10miles) south of Jerkowzy1146 May 194407:40U-2southwest of Belbek
7km (04miles) southwest of Belbek
2425 September 194317:35Il-2 m.H.PQ 35 Ost 11782, 9km (06miles) west of Perejasslaw1157 May 194409:40Yak-1north of Balaklava
5km (03miles) north of Balaklava
2528 September 194317:35R-5PQ 35 Ost 11714, 13km (08miles) west of Perejasslaw1167 May 194409:45Yak-1Sevastopol
10km (10miles) east-southeast of Sevastopol
261 October 194316:13Yak-9PQ 35 Ost 58163, 1km (01miles) south of Barbosta1177 May 194409:49Yak-1northeast of Balaklava
4km (02miles) northeast of Sevastopol
277 October 194306:57La-5PQ 34 Ost 39432, west of Annowka11830 May 194416:01Yak-1?northeast of Iași
10km (10miles) northeast of Iași
287 October 194311:07La-5PQ 34 Ost 49774, 5km (03miles) west of Orlik11930 May 194416:04Yak-1?northeast of Iași
10km (10miles) northeast of Iași
297 October 194311:28Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 49153, 12km (07miles) north of Orlik12031 May 194408:04Pe-2east of Busila
3km (02miles) east of Busila
30♠8 October 194307:05Il-2 m.H.PQ 34 Ost 66692, 9km (06miles) west of Achtanisowskaja12131 May 194414:32Il-2 m.H.northeast of Iași
7km (04miles) northeast of Iași
31♠8 October 194308:23LaGG-3PQ 34 Ost 66624, 2km (01miles) north of Jljitsch1224 June 194418:56Yak-1east-southeast of Soulani
3km (02miles) east-southeast of Soulani
32♠8 October 194308:35Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 75543, 3km (02miles) south of Fischerei1235 June 194407:58P-39northeast of Zahorna
3km (02miles) northeast of Zahorna
33♠8 October 194315:33Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 6669, 20km (10miles) northeast of Taman1245 June 194408:01Yak-7north of Zahorna
3km (02miles) north of Zahorna
34♠8 October 194315:42Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 66692, 12km (07miles) west of Achtanisowskaja1255 June 194411:35Yak-7southwest of Carpiti
4km (02miles) southwest of Carpiti
3510 October 194313:05Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 39291, 4km (02miles) northwest of Mishorin-Rog126?5 June 194411:45Bostonsouth of Românești
3km (02miles) south of Românești
3610 October 194313:15Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 49312, 2km (01miles) south of Borodajewka127?11 June 194409:45B-17north-northwest of Tataturi
7km (04miles) north-northwest of Tataturi
3720 October 194307:30Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 39453, 10km (10miles) south of Popelnastoje12824 June 194409:42B-24southwest of Ștefănești
7km (04miles) southwest of Ștefănești
3821 October 194305:55Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 39482, 10km (10miles) northwest of Pjatichatki12927 June 194410:34Il-2 m.H.northeast of Jasski
3km (02miles) northeast of Jasski
3921 October 194306:08Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 49372, 12km (07miles) southwest of Werchnedjeprowsk13014 July 194407:55P-39Shchurovychi
18km (11miles) northwest of Shchurovychi
4021 October 194312:30La-5PQ 34 Ost 39612, 10km (10miles) northwest of Pjatichatki13115 July 194415:20Yak-7northwest of Horokhiv
10km (10miles) northwest of Horokhiv
4126 October 194307:15Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 57123, 2km (01miles) south of Melitopol13216 July 194413:23Il-2 m.H.southern edge of Plowe
4226 October 194307:17Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 57152, 3km (02miles) northwest of Melitopol13316 July 194413:27Yak-7southwest of Stojanow
10km (10miles) southwest of Stojanow
4329 October 194307:00Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 47331, 10km (10miles) northeast of Agaiman13418 July 194415:12La-5west of Zaczernecze
4km (02miles) west of Zaczernecze
442 November 194309:25Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 3767, 3km (02miles) southeast of Chaplynka13518 July 194418:12Yak-71km (01miles) north of Turce
455 November 194310:20Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66734, 20km (10miles) south of Kerch13619 July 194416:40P-39northeast of Liuboml
3km (02miles) northeast of Liuboml
466 November 194311:55Yak-7PQ 34 Ost 66732, 500m (1,600feet) southeast of Eltigen13719 July 194416:41P-39northern edge of Liuboml
4711 November 194313:45Il-2 m.H.PQ 34 Ost 66871, 2km (01miles) east of Katerles13819 July 194416:45Il-2 m.H.southeast of Liuboml
17km (11miles) southeast of Liuboml
4811 November 194313:50Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66533, 10km (10miles) northeast of Bagerowo13920 July 194411:10Yak-9northwest of Liuboml
3km (02miles) northwest of Liuboml
4912 November 194308:51Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66871, 1km (01miles) east of Kerch14021 July 194406:25Yak-7northwest of Busk
10km (10miles) northwest of Busk
5012 November 194310:47Il-2 m.H.PQ 34 Ost 6664, 2km (01miles) northwest of Bakssy22 July 1944Bostonvicinity of Strij
5113 November 194305:43Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66562, 3km (02miles) south of Bulganak14124 July 194418:41Yak-9south of Tuczana
6km (04miles) south of Tuczana
5213 November 194305:47Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66642, 1km (01miles) north of Majak2 August 1944unknown
5314 November 194309:15Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66732, 3km (02miles) east of Eltigen14214 August 194417:14P-39southwest of Sobotka
5km (03miles) southwest of Sobotka
5414 November 194313:50Il-2 m.H.PQ 34 Ost 66531, 6km (04miles) west-northwest of Katerles14316 August 194416:35Yak-11east-southeast of Opatow
12km (07miles) east-southeast of Opatow
5515 November 194306:15Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 66643, Kolonka14423 August 194417:25Yak-7southeast of Gaidar
1.5km (00.9miles) southeast of Gaidar
5619 November 194306:30Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66821, 4km (02miles) west of Taman23 August 1944Yakvicinity of Galatz
5720 November 194306:40Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 66623, 3km (02miles) west of Jlitsch14531 August 194410:20P-51PQ 47257
1km (01miles) south of Lövér
5821 November 194307:00Il-2 m.H.PQ 34 Ost 66712, 3km (02miles) east of Eltigen14617 October 194410:38Yak-11Hosszúpályi
3km (02miles) southeast of Hosszúpályi
5921 November 194307:05Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66814, 8km (05miles) southwest of Taman14721 October 194410:52La-5southeast of Ócsa
6km (04miles) southeast of Ócsa
6027 November 194309:48P-39PQ 34 Ost 47771, 7km (04miles) south of Gromovka14823 October 194415:31Il-2 m.H.southeast of Szolnok
1km (01miles) southeast of Szolnok
6127 November 194314:40Yak-9PQ 34 Ost 66732, 8km (05miles) east of Eltigen14923 October 194415:32Il-2 m.H.northeast of Szolnok
1km (01miles) northeast of Szolnok
6229 November 194314:21Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66734, 5km (03miles) southeast of Eltigen15024 October 194409:22Yak-7northwest of Fehértó
1km (01miles) northwest of Fehértó
6330 November 194306:10Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66792, 5km (03miles) south of Cape Takyl15127 October 194412:17Il-2 m.H.Bűdszentmihály
6km (04miles) southwest of Bűdszentmihály
6430 November 194313:45Yak-1PQ 34 Ost 66733, 3km (02miles) southwest of Eltigen15227 October 194412:21Yak-7Bűdszentmihály
11km (07miles) south of Bűdszentmihály
651 December 194311:47Yak-14km (02miles) southwest of Taman15313 November 194412:45Yak-3southeast of Jászberény
9km (06miles) southeast of Jászberény
662 December 194306:39Yak-110km (10miles) southwest of Cape Takyl15416 November 194412:39Yak-115km (03miles) west of Tura
672 December 194306:48LaGG-315km (09miles) east of Feodosja15517 November 194411:05Il-2 m.H.northwest of Jászberény
6km (04miles) south of Jászberény
682 December 194306:55LaGG-3500m (1,600feet) south of Cape Takyl15617 November 194411:10Il-2 m.H.northwest of Jászberény
3km (02miles) northwest of Jászberény
695 December 194307:25Yak-71km (01miles) south of Kossa Tusla15717 November 194413:20Il-2 m.H.?northwest of Jászberény
3km (02miles) northwest of Jászberény
705 December 194307:32Yak-15km (03miles) west of Taman15823 November 194410:40Yak-9southeast of Atkár
3km (02miles) southeast of Atkár
715 December 194310:23P-39Kossa Tusla1595 December 194410:30Yak-9southeast of Hatvan
5km (03miles) southeast of Hatvan
725 December 194313:55Il-2 m.H.3km (02miles) southwest of Kossa Tusla1609 December 194415:05Il-2 m.H.southwest of Csajág
2km (01miles) southwest of Csajág
738 December 194307:58Il-2 m.H.3km (02miles) north of Katerles16111 December 194414:53Pe-2Balatonkenese
5km (03miles) southeast of Lake Balaton
749 December 194311:15Yak-110km (10miles) north of Taman16222 December 194409:37Il-2 m.H.Székesfehérvár
6km (04miles) north of Székesfehérvár
7511 December 194311:37Yak-72km (01miles) northeast of Majak16323 December 194410:48Yak-97km (04miles) south of Enying
7617 December 194306:43Pe-22km (01miles) southeast of Starotitarowskaja16424 December 194414:25Il-2 m.H.north of Seregélyes
2km (01miles) north of Seregélyes
7727 December 194312:08P-39PQ 34 Ost 66642, 2km (01miles) northeast of Majak16525 December 194412:08Yak-9Székesfehérvár
9km (06miles) northwest of Székesfehérvár
7828 December 194307:16R-52km (01miles) northwest of Majak16625 December 194412:15Yak-93km (02miles) southeast of Mór
7929 December 194307:12Yak-11km (01miles) west of Malikut1672 January 194511:15La-5eastern edge of Bodmér
8029 December 194310:05Boston500m (1,600feet) southwest of Majak1682 January 194511:45Yak-94km (02miles) east of Vereb
8111 January 194411:27P-39north of Cape Tarchan
5km (03miles) north of Cape Tarchan
1694 January 194508:26Il-2 m.H.6km (04miles) south of Tarján
8217 January 194406:46LaGG-3southeast of Bulganak
3km (02miles) southeast of Bulganak
1704 January 194508:28Il-2 m.H.5km (03miles) southwest of Tarján
8321 January 194411:53Il-2 m.H.Tschurubasch
4km (02miles) southwest of Tschurubasch
1714 January 194510:41Yak-96km (04miles) northwest of Bicske
8423 January 194407:08Yak-7vicinity of Kerch
Kerch harbor
1724 January 194511:12La-51km (01miles) southeast of Tardos
8523 January 194412:08Yak-7Kerch harbor1738 January 194514:13Boston5km (03miles) southeast of Székesfehérvár
8624 January 194406:30P-39northern edge of Kerch1748 January 194514:18Boston2km (01miles) northwest of Székesfehérvár
8725 January 194412:27Yak-1east of Bulganak
2km (01miles) east of Bulganak
17514 January 194512:11Yak-32km (01miles) northwest of Mužla
8825 January 194412:40BostonKossa Tusla
6km (04miles) northeast of Kossa Tusla
17614 January 194514:36Yak-31km (01miles) southwest of Mužla
89?1 April 194409:25LaGG-3southeast of Feodosia
6km (04miles) southeast of Feodosia
17716 January 194512:17La-53km (02miles) north of Budaörs
901 April 194409:33LaGG-3northeast of Feodosia
5km (03miles) northeast of Feodosia
17822 January 194513:24La-510km (10miles) northeast of Székesfehérvár
917 April 194407:19Yak-7north of Taganaja
20km (10miles) north of Taganaja
17927 January 194514:45Il-2 m.H.7km (04miles) northwest of Adony
Stab I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 53 –
18022 February 194514:00La-5Bart19221 March 194511:58La-5vicinity of Lake Balaton
18122 February 194516:25Yak-3Bíňa19321 March 194515:30Yak-56km (04miles) southwest of Felsőgalla
18225 February 194510:53Yak-915km (09miles) south of Zvolen19427 March 194514:15Yak-93- southeast of Nitra
1838 March 194514:10Il-26km (04miles) west of Szapolsc19527 March 194514:18Il-26- south of Nitra
18411 March 194510:35Yak-36km (04miles) southwest of Sárbogárd19627 March 194516:55Yak-920- southeast of Nitra
18511 March 194514:05Yak-39- south of Siófok19728 March 194517:12Yak-320km (10miles) south of Nitra
18613 March 194510:13Yak-71km (01miles) south of Pákozd1981 April 194516:05La-78km (05miles) east of Nemetdiszeg
18714 March 194512:07La-510km (10miles) southeast of Székesfehérvár1995 April 194509:45La-75km (03miles) north of Gairing
18814 March 194512:11Il-21km (01miles) west of Pákozd2008 April 194515:54La-71- east of Hainburg
18917 March 194516:15Il-2Lake Velence2019 April 194517:20La-75km (03miles) northeast of Lundenburg
19020 March 194515:33Il-23- southeast of Székesfehérvár20214 April 194515:00Yak-9Stockerau
19120 March 194515:41Il-22- southwest of Várpalota20316 April 194511:20Yak-920km (10miles) north-northwest of Göding

Awards

Publications

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1, A2 and B1, B2, referred to as A/B flight training. A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics, navigation, long-distance flights and dead-stick landings. The B courses included high-altitude flights, instrument flights, night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations.
  2. For an explanation of Luftwaffe unit designations, see Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II.