Helix albescens explained

Helix albescens is a species of large air-breathing land snail from eastern Europe belonging to the family Helicidae.

Description

Helix albescens is a relatively small Helix species with globular shell, which is whitish to cream-brown, usually with five reddish-brown bands of which especially the second and third may partly fuse. Umbilicus closed, apertural margins may be brown. Characteristic is a very large protoconch (the embryonal shell).[1] The animal is yellow, usually with a dark, brown back.

On the genital system, typical characters are a missing diverticulum of bursa copulatrix (gametolytic gland) and a very short flagellum.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Helix albescens is distributed in southern Ukraine, southwestern Russia (Ciscaucasia) and the Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan).[3] The distribution of mitochondrial genetic lineages suggests that the species originates from Crimea.[4]

The species naturally occurs in shruby habitats (with Christ's thorn, blackthorn, hawthorn, etc.).[5]

Reproduction

As all stylommatophoran land snails, H. albescens is a hermaphrodite. It lays its eggs in small clutches in cavities dug 5-6 cm deep into a damp soil. Egg laying takes many hours, because laying one egg can takes as much as two hours. Recorded clutch size ranges between 6 and 25 eggs, with an average of 18 eggs. Oval eggs are large relative to the animal, with a maximum diameter of 6-11 mm.

Notes and References

  1. Neubert . Eike . 2014 . Revision of Helix Linnaeus, 1758 in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helix godetiana Kobelt, 1878 to Maltzanella Hesse, 1917 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae) . Contributions to Natural History . 26 . 1–200.
  2. Leonov . S. V. . 2004 . Peculiarities of the reproductive system of Helix albescens (Gastrpoda, Pulmonata) . Vestnik zoologii . 39 . 3 . 73-75.
  3. Korábek . Ondřej . Juřičková . Lucie . Petrusek . Adam . 2022 . Diversity of Land Snail Tribe Helicini (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae): Where Do We Stand after 20 Years of Sequencing Mitochondrial Markers? . Diversity . en . 14 . 1 . 24 . 10.3390/d14010024 . free . 1424-2818.
  4. Korábek . Ondřej . Balashov . Igor . Neiber . Marco T. . Walther . Frank . Hausdorf . Bernhard . 2023-11-15 . The Caucasus is neither a cradle nor a museum of diversity of the land snail genus Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), while Crimea is home to an ancient lineage . Zoosystematics and Evolution . en . 99 . 2 . 535–543 . 10.3897/zse.99.110610 . free . 1860-0743.
  5. Zuev . G. V. . Ovcharov . O. P. . Chesalin . M. V. . 1995 . Reproduction of Helix albescens Rossmässler, 1839 (Pulmonata, Helicidae) in captivity . Ruthenica . 5 . 1 . 49-54.