| Birth Date: | 25 November 1722 |
| Birth Place: | Roodt-sur-Eisch, Luxembourg |
| Death Place: | Judenburg, Austria |
| Fields: | Botany, medicine |
| Alma Mater: | University of Vienna |
Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz (Roodt-sur-Eisch, Luxembourg, 25 November 1722 – 18 January 1799, Judenburg, Austria) was a botanist and a physician.
In 1750 he obtained his doctorate of medicine in Vienna, where he was a pupil of Gerard van Swieten (1700–1772). He studied obstetrics in Paris and London. In Paris he was influenced by André Levret (1703 - 1780) and Nicolas Puzos (1686 - 1753).[1]
He was first married to Anna Susanne Petrasch and then to Magda Lena de Tremon. He had two sons and one daughter.[1]
He became a lecturer in obstetrics at St. Mary's Hospital in Vienna in 1754. From 1756 to 1774, he taught physiology and materia medica at the university in that city.[1]
He was the author of:
He recommended better methods of hygiene for midwives. In addition to his work in medicine, he studied chemistry, botany, and the sources of mineral water.[1] The plant genus Crantzia (Gesneriaceae) was named for him by Thomas Nuttall.[2]