| Heinrich Friedrich Otto Abel | |
| Birth Date: | 22 January 1824 |
| Birth Place: | Reichenbach Priory, Kingdom of Württemberg |
| Death Place: | Leonberg, Kingdom of Prussia |
| Nationality: | German |
| Alma Mater: | University of Tübingen University of Jena Heidelberg University University of Bonn Humboldt University |
| Discipline: | History |
| Workplaces: | University of Bonn |
Heinrich Friedrich Otto Abel (22 January 1824 - 28 October 1854) was a German historian.
He was born at Reichenbach Priory in the Kingdom of Württemberg, a Protestant religious house, where his father was a clergyman. Beginning in 1824, Abel visited the universities of Tübingen, Jena, Heidelberg, Bonn and Berlin, studying history. Among his teachers was Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann.
Abel also showed political interest in the revolutions of 1848, and published a tract Das neue deutsche Reich und sein Kaiser ("The New German Empire and his Emperor") n which he enthused about the Kingdom of Prussia. As a result, the Prussian minister of external affairs, Heinrich von Arnim, offered him a place in the Prussian embassy in Frankfurt. However, his high expectations were disappointed many times over. He quit the diplomatic service in 1850 and in the ensuing period devoted his energies to the Monumenta Germaniae Historica.
In 1851, Abel inaugurated his formal academic career with his appointment as a lecturer ("Privatdozent") at the University of Bonn. The best known of his scholars was Heinrich von Treitschke. While travelling in 1853, Abel was affected by pulmonary phthisis and died in 1854 in the care of his uncle in Leonberg.