Heckler & Koch HK416 explained

Heckler & Koch HK416
Origin:Germany
Is Ranged:Yes
Service:2004–present
Used By:See Users
Manufacturer:Heckler & Koch
Production Date:2004–present
Variants:See Variants
Length:709- (A5, retractable stock)
Width:78abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Height:236-
Cartridge:5.56×45mm NATO
Action:Gas-operated short-stroke piston, rotating bolt
Rate:850 rounds/min[1]
Velocity:HK416:
917m/s
Range:A5 11:
300m (1,000feet)
Feed:STANAG magazine
Sights:Picatinny rail–mounted front and rear iron sights, optional removable gas block-mounted flip-up front sight post
Part Length:11- HK416C: 9inches
Ref:[2]

The Heckler & Koch HK416 is an assault rifle chambered for the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge. It is designed and manufactured by the German company Heckler & Koch.

Although the design is based on the AR-15 class of firearm (specifically the Colt M4 carbine family issued to the U.S. military), it uses a proprietary short-stroke gas piston system from Heckler & Koch's earlier G36 family of rifles.

The HK416 is the standard assault rifle of the Norwegian Armed Forces and the United States Marine Corps (designated M27), and it has been selected by the French Armed Forces to replace the FAMAS. Other users of the HK416 include the German Army and the Irish Army Ranger Wing, as well as the US Navy's SEAL Team Six, who used it to kill Osama bin Laden in 2011.[3] [4]

History

The United States Army's Delta Force, at the request of R&D NCO Larry Vickers, collaborated with Heckler & Koch to develop a new carbine in the 1990s for use in close quarters combat. At this point, they were equipped with the Heckler & Koch MP5, whose 9 mm bullet was considered too weak, and the M4 carbine, which was considered too large.[5] During development, Heckler & Koch capitalized on experience gained developing the Bundeswehrs Heckler & Koch G36 assault rifle, the U.S. Army's XM8 rifle project (cancelled in 2005) and the British Armed Forces SA80 A2 upgrade programme. The project was originally called the Heckler & Koch M4, but this was changed in response to a trademark infringement suit filed by Colt Defense.[6]

Delta Force replaced its M4s with the HK416D in March 2005, after tests revealed that the piston operating system significantly reduces malfunctions while increasing the life of parts.[7] The HK416 has been tested by the United States military and is in use with some law enforcement agencies. It has been adopted as the standard rifle of the Norwegian Armed Forces (2008) and the French Armed Forces (2017) and is used by many special operations units worldwide.

A modified variant underwent testing by the United States Marine Corps as the M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR). After the Marine Corps Operational Test & Evaluation Activity supervised a round of testing at MCAGCC Twentynine Palms, Fort McCoy, and Camp Shelby (for dust, cold-weather, and hot-weather conditions, respectively). As of March 2012, fielding of 452 IARs had been completed of 4,748 ordered. Five infantry battalions: 1st Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion and 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines, out of Camp Pendleton; 1st Battalion, 3rd Marines, out of Marine Corps Base Hawaii; 1st Battalion, 9th Marines, out of Camp Lejeune; and 1st Battalion, 25th Marines, out of Fort Devens, have deployed the weapon.[8] [9] In December 2017, the Marine Corps revealed a decision to equip every Marine in an infantry squad with the M27.[10]

Design

The HK416 uses a proprietary short-stroke gas piston system that derives from the HK G36.[11] [12] The HK system uses a short-stroke piston driving an operating rod to force the bolt carrier to the rear. This design prevents combustion gases from entering the weapon's interior—a shortcoming with direct impingement systems.[13] The reduction in heat and fouling of the bolt carrier group increases the reliability of the weapon and extends the interval between stoppages. During factory tests the HK416 fired 10,000 rounds in full-auto without malfunctioning. The HK416's piston system was originally self-regulating in theory, but in the default position tends to give increased recoil over an adjustable gas system. A user adjustable gas regulator was added in later variants.[14]

The HK416 is equipped with a proprietary accessory rail forearm with MIL-STD-1913 rails on all four sides. This lets most current accessories for M4/M16-type weapons fit the HK416. The HK416 rail forearm can be installed and removed without tools by using the bolt locking lug as the screwdriver. The rail forearm is "free-floating" and does not contact the barrel, improving accuracy.

The HK416 has an adjustable multi-position telescopic butt stock, offering six different lengths of pull. The shoulder pad can be either convex or concave and the stock features a storage space for maintenance accessories, spare electrical batteries or other small kit items. It can also be switched out for other variations like Magpul stocks.

The trigger pull is 34N. The empty weight of a HK416 box magazine is 250g.

The HK416's barrel is cold hammer-forged with a 20,000-round service life and features a 6-groove right hand twist. The cold hammer-forging process provides a stronger barrel for greater safety in case of an obstructed bore or for extended firing sessions. Modifications for an over-the-beach (OTB) capability such as drainage holes in the bolt carrier and buffer system are available to let the HK416 fire safely as quickly as possible after being submerged in liquids like water.[15] [16] [17] [18] To reduce the risk of slam-firing, the HK416 features a proprietary firing pin safety in the bolt. This firing pin safety limits the HK416 upper to working with standard AR-15 type full height hammers in the fire control group of the lower.[14]

Adoption

In July 2007, the U.S. Army announced a limited competition between the M4 carbine, FN SCAR, HK416, and the previously shelved HK XM8. Ten examples of each of the four competitors were involved. Each weapon fired 60,000 rounds in an extreme dust environment. The shoot-off was for assessing future needs, not to select a replacement for the M4.[19] [20] The XM8 scored the best, with only 127 stoppages in 60,000 total rounds, the FN SCAR Light had 226 stoppages, while the HK416 had 233 stoppages. The M4 carbine scored "significantly worse" than the rest of the field with 882 stoppages. However, magazine failures caused 239 of the M4's 882 failures. Army officials said, in December 2007, that the new magazines could be combat-ready by spring of 2008 if testing went well.[21]

In December 2009, a modified version of the HK416 was selected for the final testing in the Infantry Automatic Rifle program, designed to partially replace the M249 light machine gun at the squad level for the United States Marine Corps.[22] It beat the three other finalists by FN Herstal and Colt Defense. In July 2010, the HK416 IAR was designated as the M27 and 450 were procured for additional testing.[23]

The Turkish company Makina ve Kimya Endustrisi Kurumu ("Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation") has considered manufacturing a copy of the HK416 as the MKEK Mehmetçik-1 for the Turkish Armed Forces.[24] Instead, the new MPT-76 rifle has been developed by KALEKALIP with MKEK as the producer, with the Mehmetçik-1 dropped from adoption into the Turkish military.[25] [26]

The French Armed Forces conducted a rifle evaluation and trial to replace the FAMAS, and selected the HK416F as its primary firearm in 2016.[27] [28] Of the 93,080 rifles, 54,575 will be a "short" version with a 280mm barrel weighing 3.7kg (08.2lb) without the ability to use a grenade launcher, and 38,505 will be a "standard" version with a 368mm barrel weighing 4kg (09lb), of which 14,915 will take FÉLIN attachments; standard rifles will be supplied with 10,767 HK269F grenade launchers. 5,000 units are supposed to be delivered in 2017, half of the order delivered by 2022, and the order fulfilled by 2028.[29] The first batch of 400 rifles was delivered on 3 May 2017.

The HK416 was one of the weapons displayed to U.S. Army officials during an invitation-only Industry Day on 13 November 2008. The goal of the Industry Day was to review current carbine technology prior to writing formal requirements for a future replacement for the M4 carbine.[30] [31] The HK416 was then an entry in the Individual Carbine competition to replace the M4. The weapon submitted was known as the HK416 A5. The Individual Carbine competition was cancelled before a winning weapon was chosen.[32]

Variants

HK416

The HK416 chambered for 5.56×45mm NATO is offered in multiple barrel lengths available to the military and law enforcement market only.[33]

The HK416C "C" for Compact is an ultra-compact version that only remained as a prototype and never went to full production. It has a 228mm barrel and is expected to produce muzzle velocities of approximately 7300NaN0. It was submitted for the Ultra Compact Individual Weapon contract but lost to the LWRC M6A2.[36]

M27 IAR

See also: M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle. The M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle is a squad automatic weapon variant developed from the D16.5RS, adopted in 2011 by the United States Marine Corps. In 2018 the USMC decided to adopt the M27 IAR as their infantry standard service rifle.

HK416 A5

The HK416 A5 is an improved variant with ambidextrous controls that was first seen in the Individual Carbine competition.[37] It features a stock similar to that of the G28 designated marksman rifle, except slimmer and non-adjustable. The rifle features an improved tool-less adjustable gas regulator for suppressor use, which can accommodate barrel lengths down to 267mm without modifications. It also features a redesigned lower receiver with ambidextrous fire controls, optimised magazine and ammunition compatibility, a repair kit housed inside the pistol grip, and a Flat Dark Earth colour scheme. The stock has a fixed buttplate and no longer has a storage space, as well as the sling loops removed from it. The V2 HK Battle grip is incorporated, which has the V2 grip profile with the storage compartment of the V1 grip for tools. The handguard uses a new hexagonal-shaped cross bolt that cannot be removed by the bolt locking lugs but instead by the takedown tool housed inside the grip.[38] It has a "heavy duty castle nut", which is more robust than the previous version, therefore making that weak spot more resistant to impact.

As of 2013, Heckler & Koch replaced the original HK416 with the A5 variant.

G38

In 2014, The HK416 A5 has been type classified by the German federal government as the G38, according to Strategie-Technik.[39] Heckler & Koch offers the G38 in two barrel lengths, an 11- and 14.5-inch barrel.[40]

G95

The G95 is designed for the German KSK and KSM special forces unit. During field testing of the rifle it was known as the HK416 A7. It is similar to the HK416 A5 variant but with a 45-degree safety selector, that rotates 45 degrees rather than 90 degrees as on the A5 variant safety selector. The new configuration of the selector is comparable to those of aftermarket 45-degree safety selectors. The G95 also features a HKeyMod rail system, which is more lightweight than the traditional Picatinny rail systems. The HKeyMod rail system is also compatible with the HK416 A5 variant.[41]

G95A1

In March 2021, the German Federal Ministry of Defence announced the adoption of the G95A1 to supersede the G36 as the standard rifle of the German Armed Forces.[42] The G95A1 is similar to the G95, but it features a height-adjustable shoulder support on the stock, a steeper grip angle as well as a shorter hand guard to comply with the required maximum weight of 3.5kg (07.7lb) according to the tender.[43] During field testings the rifle was known as the HK416 A8. According to the Federal Procurement Office (BAAINBw Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Bundeswehr) the Bundeswehr will receive the weapon designated as G95A1 as the new standard rifle with the Specter DR 1-4× as standard aiming optic.[44] The Kurz or short barrelled version for "specialized forces" will be designated as G95KA1.[45]

Civilian variants

Civilian variants of the HK416 and HK417 introduced in 2007 were known as MR223 and MR308 (as they remain known in Europe). Both are semi-automatic rifles with several sporterized features. At the 2009 SHOT Show, these two firearms were introduced to the U.S. civilian market renamed respectively MR556 and MR762.[46] There is another variant of the MR556 called the MR556A1, which is an improved version of the former.[47] It was created with input from American special forces units.[48] The MR556A1 lets the upper receiver attach to any M16/M4/AR-15 family lower receiver, as the receiver take-down pins are in the same standard location. The original concept for the MR556 did not allow for this, as the take-down pins were located in a "non-standard" location. The MR223 maintains the "non-standard" location of the pins, disallowing attachment of the upper receiver to the lower receivers of any other M16/M4/AR-15 family of rifles.

As of 2012, the MR556A1 upper receiver group fits standard AR-15 lower receivers without modification, and functions reliably with standard STANAG magazines. HK-USA sells a variant under the MR556A1 Competition Model nomenclature; it comes with a 14.5" free-float Modular Rail System (MRS), 16.5" barrel, OSS compensator and Magpul CTR buttstock. The firearm's precision is specified as 1 MOA by Heckler & Koch. In Europe, the MR223A3 variant is sold with the same cosmetic and ergonomic improvements of the HK416A5. The French importer of Heckler & Koch in France, RUAG Defence, have announced that they are going to sell two civilian versions of the HK416F, named the MR223 F-S (14.5" Standard version) and MR223 F-C (11" Short version).[49]

Influence on other arms series

The SIG Sauer SIG516 series and Caracal CAR 816 series share lineage to the Heckler & Koch HK416, whilst omitting many proprietary HK416 components that were exchanged for standard M4 arms family mil-spec conform components. The principal firearms engineers for the SIG516 and CAR 816 were Robert Hirt and Chris Sirois. During his time with Heckler & Koch, Hirt was involved in the development of the HK416.[50] [51] [52] [53] [54]

Users

CountryOrganization nameModelQuantityDateReferences
Special Operations Battalion (Batalioni i Forcave Speciale, BFS)HK416A5—2024[55]
—D10RS2010[56]
Command of Tactical Operations (Comando de Operações Táticas, COT) of the Brazilian Federal PoliceHK416A3—2012[57] [58]
Tactical Intervention Groups (Grupos de Intervenção Tática, GPI) of the Brazilian Federal PoliceHK416A5—2014[59]
Combat Divers Groupment of the Brazilian NavyHK416A3——
Amphibious Commandos of the Brazilian Marine Corps———[60]
Special Operations Command (Comando de Operações Especiais, C Op Esp) of the Brazilian ArmyHK416A3——[61] [62] [63]
Special Operations Command of the Croatian Armed ForcesHK416550[64] 2012 & 2015[65]
Estonian Special Operations ForceHK416—2021[66]
French Armed Forces – selected the HK416F as their new standard assault rifle to replace the FAMAS.HK416F59,340 delivered ; 117,000 ordered2022[67]
German ArmyG95A1118,718 (intended)2026 (intended)[68]
German Special Forces Command (Kommando Spezialkräfte, KSK) of the German ArmyG951,705—[69] [70] [71] [72]
Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine of the German Navy——
Hesse State PoliceG38 semi-automatic 14.5"2,005 rifles ordered—[73]
Counter Terrorism CenterHK416A5——[74]
Detasemen Jala Mangkara (Denjaka) naval anti-terrorism unit of the Indonesian NavyHK416——
Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak) Frogman of the Indonesian NavyHK416——
Detachment 88 of the Indonesian National PoliceHK416——
Army Ranger Wing (ARW) of the Defence ForcesHK416A5—2010[75]
Emergency Response Unit (ERU) of the Garda SíochánaHK416A5
COMSUBIN (Comando Raggruppamento Subacquei e Incursori Teseo Tesei, COMSUBIN) of the Italian Navy———
9th Parachute Assault Regiment———
GIS (Gruppo di Intervento Speciale, GIS) of the Carabinieri———
Special Forces Group (Tokushusakusengun, SFG), of the Japan Ground Self-Defense ForceHK416——[76]
Special Boarding Unit (Tokubetsukeibitai, SBU) of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense ForceHK416——[77]
Joint Special Operations Command (Jordan)HK416——[78]
Lithuanian Special Operations ForceHK416A5——[79]
Luxembourg Armed ForcesHK416A7 - 14.5 in. barrel——[80]
HK416A7 - 11 in. barrel——
HK269 (Grenade launcher)——
HK417A2 DMR——
Pasukan Khas Laut (PASKAL) special operations warfare unit of the Royal Malaysian NavyD16.5RS1802010[81] [82] [83] [84] [85]
Pasukan Gerakan Khas counter-terrorism divisions of the Royal Malaysia PoliceD10RS, D14.5RS—2006[86]
Malaysian Maritime Enforcement AgencyHK416A5——[87]
Montenegrin Ground ArmyHK416A5——[88]
Korps Commandotroepen of the Royal Netherlands ArmyHK416A5 D10RS, D14.5RS—2010[89] [90] [91]
M-Squadron of the Netherlands Marine Corps (Maritime Special Operations Forces)—[92]
Brigade Speciale Beveiligingsopdrachten of the Royal Marechaussee—[93]
Dienst Speciale Interventies of the Dutch National Police—[94]
Norwegian Armed ForcesNorwegian Home GuardHK416N (N - normal), HK416K (K- kort, short), HK416S (S - skarpskytter, sharpshooter) specialized DMR version of HK416N, modified in Norway)40,000 + 11,000[95] 2008[96] [97] [98]
Light Reaction RegimentHK416——[99]
Wojska SpecjalneDifferent barrel lengths—2008[100] [101]
PolicjaHK416 D10RS—2006, 2011[102]
Special Operations Troops (CTOE) of the Portuguese ArmyHK416A5—2013[103]
Special Actions Detachment of the Portuguese Marine Corps2018[104]
Joint Terminal Attack Controller of the Portuguese Air Force[105]
Special Operations Intervention Group (GIOE) of the National Republican Guard2019
Tactical Actions Group (GAT) of the Maritime Police—2015[106]
72nd Brigade for Special OperationsHK416—2010[107]
Republic of Singapore NavySpecial Operations Force (Singapore)HK416——[108]
5th Special forces regimentHK416—2010[109]
Korea National Police SWATHK4163642017[110]
Republic of Korea Navy Special Warfare FlotillaHK416——
Special Naval Warfare ForceHK416A5—2018[111]
Special ForcesHK416A5——
Armed Forces of UkraineMajority are HK416A2s supplied by the Netherlands——[112]
Joint Special Operations Command (units include Navy SEAL, SEAL Team Six, Delta Force, 24th STS)HK416—2005[113] [114] [115]
United States Army Asymmetric Warfare Group———[116]
NASA Emergency Response Teams———[117]
FBI Hostage Rescue Team———[118]
Los Angeles Police Department Metropolitan Division———[119]
United States Marine CorpsM27 IAR14,100[120] 2011-2012[121] [122]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Heckler-Koch . 2023-04-13 . Heckler-Koch . en.
  2. Web site: 2023-09-02 . Die gescheiterte HK416 . SPARTANAT . 2023-09-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230902081413/https://www.spartanat.com/2013/03/die-gescheiterte-hk416-ausfuhrung-c/ . 2 September 2023 .
  3. Web site: Face Time With the Gun That Killed Bin Laden . 7 June 2011 . . 14 May 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170508032802/http://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/g536/face-time-with-the-hk416-the-gun-that-killed-bin-laden/ . 8 May 2017 . live.
  4. Web site: Bedard . Paul . The Gun That Killed Osama bin Laden Revealed . US News . 11 November 2018 . 11 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110626012337/http://www.usnews.com/news/washington-whispers/articles/2011/05/11/the-gun-that-killed-osama-bin-laden-revealed . 26 June 2011 . live.
  5. Larry Vickers Podcast . Ep. 3: HK416 Presented by Firearms Trainers Association . https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/SOvPG2jfsRE . 2021-12-21 . live . YouTube.
  6. As mentioned in Colt Defense LLC v. Bushmaster Firearms Inc . 06-1696 . 1st Cir. . http://media.ca1.uscourts.gov/pdf.opinions/06-1696-01A.pdf . p. 5.
  7. News: Newer carbines outperform M4 in dust test . Matthew . Cox . . https://archive.today/20120630044756/http://www.armytimes.com/prime/2007/12/army_carbine_dusttest_071217/ . 30 June 2012 . dead . 2013-10-18.
  8. News: SAW replacement set for real world testing . Lamothe . Dan . 9 August 2010. Marine Corps Times . 10 August 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120308033204/http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2010/08/marine_iar_080810w/ . 8 March 2012.
  9. News: Corps ramps up fielding of new auto rifle . Lamothe . Dan . 11 March 2012 . Marine Corps Times . 25 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120323024736/http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2012/03/marine-corps-ramps-up-fielding-new-auto-rifle-031112w . 23 March 2012 . dead. dmy-all.
  10. News: M27s and 'Head-to-Toe' Gear Overhaul on the Way for Marine Grunts . Hope Hodge . Seck . 5 January 2018 . Military.com . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180107233105/https://www.military.com/kitup/2018/01/05/m27s-and-head-toe-gear-overhaul-way-marine-grunts.html . 2018-01-07.
  11. US . 2951424 . Stoner, Eugene M. . Fairchild Engine and Airplane Corp . Patent . Gas operated bolt and carrier system . 1960-09-06 . 1960-09-06 . 1956-08-14 . 1956-08-14. Google Patents . USPTO . 2016-09-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160724162338/http://www.google.com/patents/US2951424 . 2016-07-24 . live-->.
  12. Web site: HK416 . Heckler & Koch . 2010-02-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110717191144/http://www.heckler-koch.de/HKWebText/detailProd/1928/337/4/19 . 2011-07-17 . dead.
  13. Web site: Carbine . Military Times . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091228092153/http://www.militarytimes.com/projects/flash/2007_02_20_carbine/ . 28 December 2009.
  14. Web site: Meet the Sig Sauer 516 Rifle: The Best AR-15 Around? . Charlie . Gao . . 2019-06-30 . 2020-10-11.
  15. EP. 2018508. Bantle, Wolfgang. Fluhr, Norbert. Bantle, Johannes-August. Albrecht, Hermann. Hirt, Robert. Kimmich, Ralf-->. Patent. gives far more information than Espacenet--> Weapon Locking System. 2007-11-22. 2010-01-29. 2007-05-15. 2006-05-17. Heckler & Koch GmbH .
  16. In 2022 the Federal Patent Court in Munich partially invalidated Heckler & Koch's over-the-beach (OTB) patent EP 2 018 508 in Germany.
  17. News: dpa. 2022-09-30. Teilerfolg für Haenel im Streit mit Heckler & Koch um Patent. Partial success for Haenel in dispute with Heckler & Koch over patent. 2022-10-30. Süddeutsche Zeitung. de.
  18. News: 2022-09-30. Urteil des Bundespatentgerichts im Rechtsstreit über ein für eine Waffe erteiltes Patent. Verdict of the Patent Court in the legal dispute over a patent granted for a weapon. 2022-10-30. Federal Patent Office. Munich. de.
  19. News: Christian . Lowe . Military.com . 2007-06-27 . Army Agrees to M4 Sand Test Shoot-Off . 2007-09-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071012153212/http://www.military.com/NewsContent/0,13319,143790,00.html?ESRC=army-a.nl . 2007-10-12 . dead.
  20. Web site: M4 to face new rifles in dust-chamber test . Matthew . Cox . July 20, 2007 . Army Times . https://archive.today/20120729100432/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/07/army_rifle_070715/ . 29 July 2012 . dead . 2007-09-22.
  21. Web site: M4 may get tougher barrel, better mags . Matthew . Cox . Army Times . 2007-12-17 . 2008-09-13 . 21 July 2012 . https://archive.today/20120721112846/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2007/12/army_m4_hearing_071217w/ . dead.
  22. News: Frontrunner chosen in IAR contest . Lamothe . Dan . 14 December 2009. Marine Corps Times. 20.
  23. Web site: Conway eyes additional testing for auto-rifle . Lamothe . Dan . 2 July 2010 . Marine Corps Times . 2 July 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110714034706/http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2010/07/marine_IAR_070110w/ . 14 July 2011.
  24. Web site: The Turkish HK416: Mehmetçik-1 . Johnson . Steve . The Firearm Blog . 2013-10-18 . 2008-11-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023053140/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2008/11/07/the-turkish-hk416-mehmetcik-1/ . 2013-10-23 . live.
  25. Web site: Johnson . Steve . New Turkish Assault Rifle . The Firearm Blog . 2011-03-07 . 2013-10-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023053136/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2011/03/07/new-turkish-assault-rifle/ . 2013-10-23 . live.
  26. Web site: Genelkurmay Başkanı 'Milli Tüfek'le atış yapıp onayını verdi . The Chief of the General Staff shot with the 'National Rifle' and gave his approval . Özgür ̇. Ekşi . 4 March 2011 . . tr . 2013-10-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131022034610/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17179081.asp?ezydgwqgmpldnrgd . 2013-10-22 . live.
  27. Web site: The HK416 is new rifle of the French Armed Forces . SOFREP . 17 October 2016 . 8 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161109083535/https://sofrep.com/65812/hk416-new-rifle-french-armed-forces/ . 9 November 2016 . live.
  28. Web site: On a testé pour vous : HK 416, le nouveau fusil d'assaut . Ministère de la Défense . 15 February 2017 . 28 February 2017.
  29. Web site: More details of the Heckler & Koch HK416F for France . Eric . B. . January 16, 2017 . The Firearm Blog . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170304114918/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2017/01/16/details-heckler-koch-hk416f-france/ . 2017-03-04.
  30. Web site: Army considers options in replacing the M4 . Matthew . Cox . Army Times . 2013-10-18 . http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090716163719/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2008/11/army_carbineday_112308w/ . 2009-07-16 . dead.
  31. Web site: Replacing the M4 . Military Times . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090124225012/http://www.militarytimes.com/multimedia/photo/replacing_the_m4/ . 24 January 2009.
  32. Web site: Army Kills Competition to Replace M4 . Matthew . Cox . 13 June 2013 . Military.com . 2013-10-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019173031/http://www.military.com/daily-news/2013/06/13/army-kills-competition-to-replace-m4.html . 2013-10-19 . live.
  33. Web site: HK416 Delta Force . 2021-03-17 . American Special Ops.com.
  34. Web site: Walther HK 416 D145RS 22LR M16 Variant Rimfire Rifle . 2021-03-17 . Sportsmans Outdoor Superstore.com . en.
  35. Web site: Antonsen . Askild . HK416 . 2020-08-14 . Store norske leksikon . nb . 2021-03-17 . Øijord . Thomas Winje.
  36. Web site: HK416C – The new ultra compact assault rifle . 2010-10-08 . Heckler & Koch . 2010-10-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110717192057/http://www.heckler-koch.de/HKWebNews/byItemID///35//3/15 . 2011-07-17.
  37. Web site: The New Heckler & Koch HK416A5 . Johnson . Steve . 2012-10-17 . The Firearm Blog . 2013-10-18 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023053138/http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2012/10/17/the-new-heckler-koch-hk416a5/ . 23 October 2013.
  38. Web site: 2012-10-17 . HK416A5 – newest evolution of famous assault rifle . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131024124520/http://montrala.blogspot.com/2012/10/hk416a5-newes-evolution-of-famous.html . 2013-10-24 . 2013-10-18 . Montrala.
  39. Web site: 2014-09-01 . The HK416A5 Is Now The G38 - . 2023-04-13 . The Firearm Blog . en-US.
  40. Web site: Heckler-Koch . 2023-04-13 . Heckler-Koch . en.
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