| Heart valve repair | |
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Heart valve repair is a cardiac surgery procedure, carried out to repair one or more faulty heart valves. In some valvular heart diseases repair where possible is preferable to valve replacement. A mechanical heart valve is a replacement valve that is not itself subject to repair.
Valvuloplasty is the widening of a stenotic valve using a balloon catheter. Types include:
See main article: article and Valvulotomy. Commissurotomy of heart valves is called a valvulotomy.
See main article: article and Mitral valve repair. Mitral valve repair is mainly used to treat stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage) of the mitral valve. A mitral balloon valvuloplasty enlarges the valve opening to allow greater oxygenated blood flow into the left ventricle, and since severe mitral regurgitation can be a major complication, degrees of stenosis, regurgitation, and valve anatomical features are taken into consideration before the procedure.[1]
Aortic valve repair is a surgical procedure used to correct some aortic valve disorders as an alternative to aortic valve replacement.[2] Aortic valve repair is performed less often and is more technically difficult than mitral valve repair.There are two surgical techniques of aortic-valve repair:
Tricuspid valve repair is used to correct tricuspid regurgitation.[3]
The first two percutaneous ultrasound-guided fetal balloon valvuloplasties, a type of in utero surgery for severe aortic valve obstruction, were reported in 1991.[4]