PTPN7 explained

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN7 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This gene is preferentially expressed in a variety of hematopoietic cells, and is an early response gene in lymphokine stimulated cells. The noncatalytic N-terminus of this PTP can interact with MAP kinases and suppress the MAP kinase activities. This PTP was shown to be involved in the regulation of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling, which was thought to function through dephosphorylating the molecules related to MAP kinase pathway. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Interactions

PTPN7 has been shown to interact with MAPK3^{[3] [4] [5]} and MAPK1.^{[3] [5]}

Further reading

• Adachi M, Sekiya M, Arimura Y, Takekawa M, Itoh F, Hinoda Y, Imai K, Yachi A . Protein-tyrosine phosphatase expression in pre-B cell NALM-6 . Cancer Res. . 52 . 3 . 737–40 . 1992 . 1370651 .
• Zanke B, Suzuki H, Kishihara K, Mizzen L, Minden M, Pawson A, Mak TW . Cloning and expression of an inducible lymphoid-specific, protein tyrosine phosphatase (HePTPase) . Eur. J. Immunol. . 22 . 1 . 235–9 . 1992 . 1530918 . 10.1002/eji.1830220134 . 29146172 .
• Swieter M, Berenstein EH, Swaim WD, Siraganian RP . Aggregation of IgE receptors in rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 cells induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytosolic protein-tyrosine phosphatase HePTP . J. Biol. Chem. . 270 . 37 . 21902–6 . 1995 . 7545170 . 10.1074/jbc.270.37.21902 . free .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Zanke B, Squire J, Griesser H, Henry M, Suzuki H, Patterson B, Minden M, Mak TW . A hematopoietic protein tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) gene that is amplified and overexpressed in myeloid malignancies maps to chromosome 1q32.1 . Leukemia . 8 . 2 . 236–44 . 1994 . 8309248 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Saxena M, Williams S, Gilman J, Mustelin T . Negative regulation of T cell antigen receptor signal transduction by hematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 25 . 15340–4 . 1998 . 9624114 . 10.1074/jbc.273.25.15340 . free .
• Saxena M, Williams S, Brockdorff J, Gilman J, Mustelin T . Inhibition of T cell signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinase-targeted hematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 17 . 11693–700 . 1999 . 10206983 . 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11693 . free .
• Oh-hora M, Ogata M, Mori Y, Adachi M, Imai K, Kosugi A, Hamaoka T . Direct suppression of TCR-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase by leukocyte protein tyrosine phosphatase, a tyrosine-specific phosphatase . J. Immunol. . 163 . 3 . 1282–8 . 1999 . 10.4049/jimmunol.163.3.1282 . 10415025 . free .
• Saxena M, Williams S, Taskén K, Mustelin T . Crosstalk between cAMP-dependent kinase and MAP kinase through a protein tyrosine phosphatase . Nat. Cell Biol. . 1 . 5 . 305–11 . 1999 . 10559944 . 10.1038/13024 . 40413956 .
• Pettiford SM, Herbst R . The MAP-kinase ERK2 is a specific substrate of the protein tyrosine phosphatase HePTP . Oncogene . 19 . 7 . 858–69 . 2000 . 10702794 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1203408 . 24843974 .
• Gjörloff-Wingren A, Saxena M, Han S, Wang X, Alonso A, Renedo M, Oh P, Williams S, Schnitzer J, Mustelin T . Subcellular localization of intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatases in T cells . Eur. J. Immunol. . 30 . 8 . 2412–21 . 2000 . 10940933 . 10.1002/1521-4141(2000)30:8<2412::AID-IMMU2412>3.0.CO;2-J . 8132613 .
• Tartaglia M, Mehler EL, Goldberg R, Zampino G, Brunner HG, Kremer H, van der Burgt I, Crosby AH, Ion A, Jeffery S, Kalidas K, Patton MA, Kucherlapati RS, Gelb BD . Mutations in PTPN11, encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, cause Noonan syndrome . Nat. Genet. . 29 . 4 . 465–8 . 2001 . 11704759 . 10.1038/ng772 . 14627986 .
• Wang ZX, Zhou B, Wang QM, Zhang ZY . A kinetic approach for the study of protein phosphatase-catalyzed regulation of protein kinase activity . Biochemistry . 41 . 24 . 7849–57 . 2002 . 12056917 . 10.1021/bi025776m .
• Digilio MC, Conti E, Sarkozy A, Mingarelli R, Dottorini T, Marino B, Pizzuti A, Dallapiccola B . Grouping of Multiple-Lentigines/LEOPARD and Noonan Syndromes on the PTPN11 Gene . Am. J. Hum. Genet. . 71 . 2 . 389–94 . 2002 . 12058348 . 379170 . 10.1086/341528 .
• Kosaki K, Suzuki T, Muroya K, Hasegawa T, Sato S, Matsuo N, Kosaki R, Nagai T, Hasegawa Y, Ogata T . PTPN11 (protein-tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor-type 11) mutations in seven Japanese patients with Noonan syndrome . J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. . 87 . 8 . 3529–33 . 2002 . 12161469 . 10.1210/jcem.87.8.8694 . free .
• Pettiford SM, Herbst R . The protein tyrosine phosphatase HePTP regulates nuclear translocation of ERK2 and can modulate megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells . Leukemia . 17 . 2 . 366–78 . 2003 . 12592337 . 10.1038/sj.leu.2402767 . 33812913 .

Notes and References

1. Adachi M, Sekiya M, Isobe M, Kumura Y, Ogita Z, Hinoda Y, Imai K, Yachi A . Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of a human protein-tyrosine phosphatase LC-PTP . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 186 . 3 . 1607–15 . September 1992 . 1510684 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81592-X .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PTPN7 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 7.
3. Pettiford SM, Herbst R . The MAP-kinase ERK2 is a specific substrate of the protein tyrosine phosphatase HePTP . Oncogene . 19 . 7 . 858–69 . February 2000 . 10702794 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1203408 . 24843974 .
4. Saxena M, Williams S, Taskén K, Mustelin T . Crosstalk between cAMP-dependent kinase and MAP kinase through a protein tyrosine phosphatase . Nat. Cell Biol. . 1 . 5 . 305–11 . September 1999 . 10559944 . 10.1038/13024 . 40413956 .
5. Saxena M, Williams S, Brockdorff J, Gilman J, Mustelin T . Inhibition of T cell signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinase-targeted hematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 17 . 11693–700 . April 1999 . 10206983 . 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11693 . free .