Heřmanice (Liberec District) Explained

Heřmanice
Settlement Type:Municipality
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Region
Subdivision Name1:Liberec
Subdivision Type2:District
Subdivision Name2:Liberec
Pushpin Map:Czech Republic
Pushpin Relief:1
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates:50.8969°N 15.0064°W
Established Title:First mentioned
Established Date:1381
Area Total Km2:7.47
Elevation M:310
Population As Of:2024-01-01
Population Footnotes:[1]
Population Total:280
Population Density Km2:auto
Timezone1:CET
Utc Offset1:+1
Timezone1 Dst:CEST
Utc Offset1 Dst:+2
Postal Code Type:Postal code
Postal Code:464 01

Heřmanice (German: Hermsdorf) is a municipality and village in Liberec District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

Etymology

The original German name of the village was Hermannsdorff, meaning "Herman's village". It was gradually distorted into Hermsdorf. The Czech name was created by translation.[2]

Geography

Heřmanice is located about 14km (09miles) north of Liberec, in a salient region of Frýdlant Hook on the border with Poland. The northern part of the municipal territory with the built-up area lies in the Frýdlant Hills. The southern part lies in the Jizera Mountains and includes the highest point of Heřmanice, the hill Lysý vrch at 643m (2,110feet) above sea level. The Oleška Stream flows through the municipality.

History

The first written mention of Heřmanice is from 1381. There is an even older mention in the Zittau annals, but the date of 1375 is only an estimate. Heřmanice was then part of the Frýdlant estate, owned by the Biberstein family until 1544. The Schwanitz family held the village from 1544 to 1668. In 1678, Heřmanice was again joined to the Frýdlant estate and was owned by the Clam-Gallas family.[3]

In 1900, a railway from Frýdlant to Zittau via Heřmanice was built. The railway was in service until 1976.[3]

In 1938, the municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland. After the World War II, the German population was expelled and the number of inhabitants dropped.

In 1960, Heřmanice merged with the neighbouring municipality of Dětřichov. From 1986 to 1990, it was an administrative part of Frýdlant. Since 1 September 1990, it has been a separate municipality.[3] [4]

The village was hit by floods in summer 2010. The whole infrastructure of the village was destroyed. Many houses were damaged, several houses were demolished. One woman died.[5]

Transport

On the Czech-Polish border is the Heřmanice / Bogatynia road border crossing.

Sights

There are several half-timbered houses in Heřmanice, built in the so-called Upper Lusatian style.[3]

A wooden observation tower was built in Heřmanice in 2012. It is 24m (79feet) high, has the shape of a tube topped by a dome, and 99 steps lead to the top.[6]

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic. Heřmanice is twinned with:[7]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024. Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. Book: Profous, Antonín. Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H. 614. 1947. cs.
  3. Web site: Z historie obce. Obec Heřmanice. cs. 2022-10-21.
  4. Web site: Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011. Czech Statistical Office. 138. cs. 2015-12-21. 2024-08-06.
  5. Web site: Zkáza a zmrtvýchvstání Heřmanic. Czech Radio. cs. 2020-08-03. 2022-10-21.
  6. Web site: Rozhledna v Heřmanicích na Frýdlantsku. CzechTourism. cs. 2022-10-21.
  7. Web site: Spolupracujeme. Obec Heřmanice. cs. 2022-10-20. 2022-10-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20221020072511/http://www.hermanice.com/vismo/dokumenty2.asp?id_org=2600&id=1049&n=spolupracujeme. dead.