Hawthorne, California Explained

Hawthorne, California
Settlement Type:City
Image Blank Emblem:Hawthorne CA logo.png
Motto:"City of Good Neighbors"
Pushpin Map:Los Angeles#California#USA
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in the United States
Pushpin Relief:1
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Los Angeles
Established Title3:Incorporated
Established Date3:July 12, 1922[1]
Unit Pref:Imperial
Area Footnotes:[2]
Area Total Km2:15.78
Area Total Sq Mi:6.09
Area Land Km2:15.75
Area Land Sq Mi:6.08
Area Water Km2:0.03
Area Water Sq Mi:0.01
Area Water Percent:0.18
Elevation Footnotes:[3]
Elevation M:22
Elevation Ft:72
Population Total:88083
Population As Of:2020
Population Footnotes:[4]
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rank:99th in California
Postal Code Type:ZIP Codes
Postal Code:90250 and 90251[5]
Area Code:310/424,[6] 213/323
Area Code Type:Area codes
Pushpin Label:Hawthorne
Government Footnotes:[7] [8]
Government Type:Council-Manager
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Alex Vargas
Leader Title3:City Manager
Leader Name3:Vontray (Von) Norris
Named For:Nathaniel Hawthorne
Timezone:Pacific Time Zone
Utc Offset:−8
Timezone Dst:PDT
Utc Offset Dst:−7
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank1 Name:GNIS feature IDs
Blank1 Info:,
Population Density Sq Mi:auto

Hawthorne is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, located in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is part of a seventeen-city region commonly called the South Bay. As of the 2020 US census, Hawthorne had a population of 88,083.[4]

History

Hawthorne was once part of the Rancho Sausal Redondo (Round Willow-grove Ranch) of the 224580NaN0 Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California given in 1837 to Antonio Ygnacio Ávila by Juan Alvarado the Mexican Governments Governor of Alta California.[9] Rancho Sausal Redondo covered the area that now includes Playa Del Rey, El Segundo, Manhattan Beach, Lawndale, Hermosa Beach, Inglewood, Hawthorne, and Redondo Beach.[10] [11]

Hawthorne was founded in 1905 as the "Hawthorne Improvement Company" by real estate developers B.L. Harding and H.D. Lombard. Harding's daughter shared her birthday—July 4, American Independence Day—with New England author Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a decision was made to name the small village after him.[12]

Hawthorne was once a "whites only" settlement, commonly called a sundown town.[13] During the 1930s, signs warned African-Americans to be out of Hawthorne by sundown.[14]

Geography

To the north of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the city of Inglewood. To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the city of Gardena. To the south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village, and the cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach. Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne. To the west is the city of El Segundo, and the Los Angeles neighborhood of Westchester is to the northwest of Hawthorne. Hawthorne surrounds the unincorporated community of Del Aire on three sides. It also shares a small border on the northeast along Imperial Highway with the unincorporated community of Westmont.

The Century Freeway (Glenn Anderson Freeway, I-105) runs along the northern boundary of Hawthorne, with the C Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway (I-405) runs along the western boundary of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Avenue, El Segundo Boulevard, and Imperial Highway. Major north–south streets include Aviation Boulevard, Inglewood Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard, Prairie Avenue, Crenshaw Boulevard, and Van Ness Avenue.

Hawthorne is five miles (8 km) from the Los Angeles International Airport.[15]

Hawthorne comprises ZIP codes 90250 and 90251. It is in the 310 area code, except for a small portion of northeastern Hawthorne, which is located in the 323 area code.

Climate

Hawthorne, like the rest of the Los Angeles basin, has a Mediterranean climate:

Hawthorne has a Mediterranean climate or dry-summer subtropical (Köppen climate classification Csb on the coast, Csa inland), enjoying plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of 263 sunshine days and only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually.[16]

Demographics

2020

Hawthorne, California – Racial and Ethnic Composition
!Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)!Pop 2000[17] !Pop 2010[18] ![19] !% 2000!% 2010!
White alone (NH)10,3978,642style='background: #ffffe6; 9,14713.00%10.25%style='background: #ffffe6; 10.38%
Black or African American alone (NH)27,20822,579style='background: #ffffe6; 20,76332.35%26.79%style='background: #ffffe6; 23.57%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)199172style='background: #ffffe6; 1280.24%0.20%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.15%
Asian alone (NH)5,5675,492style='background: #ffffe6; 6,5526.62%6.52%style='background: #ffffe6; 7.44%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)685919style='background: #ffffe6; 6830.81%1.09%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.78%
Some Other Race alone (NH)256397style='background: #ffffe6;7730.30%0.47%style='background: #ffffe6; 0.88%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH)2,0331,520style='background: #ffffe6; 2,7272.42%1.80%style='background: #ffffe6; 3.10%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)37,22744,572style='background: #ffffe6; 47,31044.26%52.88%style='background: #ffffe6; 53.71%
Total84,11284,293style='background: #ffffe6; 88,083100.00%100.00%style='background: #ffffe6; 100.00%

2010

At the 2010 census Hawthorne had a population of 84,293. The population density was 13835.7sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 27,678 (32.8%) White (10.3% Non-Hispanic White),[4] 23,385 (27.7%) African American, 565 (0.7%) Native American, 5,642 (6.7%) Asian, 974 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 22,127 (26.3%) from other races, and 3,922 (4.7%) from two or more races. There were 44,572 people of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race (52.9%).[20]

The census reported that 83,754 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 208 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 331 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 28,486 households, 12,330 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,833 (38.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,369 (22.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,357 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,309 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 191 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. Of the households, 7,125 (25.0%) were one person and 1,430 (5.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.94. There were 19,559 families (68.7% of households); the average family size was 3.54.

The age distribution was 23,157 people (27.5%) under the age of 18, 9,487 people (11.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,035 people (32.1%) aged 25 to 44, 18,395 people (21.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,219 people (7.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 31.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

There were 29,869 housing units at an average density of 4,902.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 7,623 (26.8%) were owner-occupied and 20,863 (73.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 25,869 people (30.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,885 people (68.7%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009 - 2013, Hawthorne had a median household income of $44,649, with 19.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[4]

2000

As of the census[21] of 2000, there were 84,112 people in 28,536 households, including 19,775 families, in the city. The population density was 13879.4sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 29,629 housing units at an average density of 4889.1sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the city was 29.3% White, 39.0% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 7.7% Asian, 0.9% Pacific Islander, 24.2% from other races, and 5.2% from two or more races. 44.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 28,536 households, 43.7% included children under the age of 18, 38.6% were married couples living together, 23.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. Of all households 24.5% were one person and 4.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.50.

The age distribution was 31.7% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% 65 or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median household income was $31,887 and the median family income was $35,149. Males had a median income of $29,481 versus $27,427 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,022. About 18.4% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Mexican (27.1%) and Filipino (2.6%) are the most common ancestries in the city. Mexico (45.1%) and Guatemala (9.3%) are the most common foreign places of birth in the city.[22]

Homelessness

In 2022, Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority's Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count counted 173 homeless individuals in Hawthorne.[23]

Economy

As of 2022 the city is known as a center for the space industry and hosts numerous space related private companies, industries and startups.[24] The relatively large number of aerospace engineers and technicians, history of established aerospace companies, and the presence of SpaceX has facilitated the development of space engineering industry cluster in the city. According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[25] the top employers in the city are:

Employer
  1. of Employees
1SpaceX6,094
2Amazon Fulfillment Center1,500
3Hawthorne School District900
4Wiseburn Unified School District394
5City of Hawthorne360
6Home Depot340
7OSI Systems280
8Expeditors260
9Teledyne Relays253
10Target250
Besides the current top employers, the following businesses are currently located in Hawthorne:

Previously in Hawthorne:

Government

Municipal government

Hawthorne has an elected city council composed of a mayor elected every four years and four city council members elected on four year terms.

Current City Council Members[29] !OFFICE!OFFICE HOLDER!TERM ENDS
MayorAlex VargasDecember 2024
Mayor Pro TemAngie Reyes-EnglishDecember 2024
CouncilmemberL. David PattersonDecember 2024
CouncilmemberAlex MonteiroDecember 2026
CouncilmemberKatrina ManningDecember 2026
Elected Officials[30] !OFFICE!OFFICE HOLDER!TERM ENDS
City TreasurerMarie Poindexter-HornbackDecember 2026
City ClerkDayna Williams-HunterDecember 2026
According to the city's most recent "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report," its various funds had $126.1 million in revenues, $113.2 million in expenditures, $220.2 million in total assets, $152.7 million in total liabilities, and $29.6 million in cash and investments.[31] The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:[32] The city manager is Vontray Norris.

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, Hawthorne is in, and in .[33]

In the United States House of Representatives, Hawthorne is in .[34]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Hawthorne is served by multiple school districts.[35] Schools that include portions of Hawthorne include:[36]

Centinela Valley Union High School District[35]
Hawthorne School District
  • Lawndale Elementary School District[35]
    • Lennox School District[35]
    Wiseburn Unified School District[35]
    Los Angeles Unified School District[35]

    In addition Los Angeles County Office of Education operates Southwest Day (5th-12th grade).

    Hawthorne Math and Science Academy is a charter high school in Hawthorne associated with the Hawthorne School District.[40]

    Private schools

    Colleges and universities

    Los Angeles Community College District

    Media

    The Hawthorne Press Tribune is the community newspaper for the City of Hawthorne.[41]

    Infrastructure

    The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center in Inglewood, serving Hawthorne.[42]

    The United States Postal Service Hawthorne Post Office is located at 12700 Inglewood Avenue.[43]

    Notable people

    Further reading

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: California Cities by Incorporation Date . Word . California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions . August 25, 2014. dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131017052413/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc . October 17, 2013. mdy-all.
    2. Web site: 2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. July 1, 2020.
    3. October 11, 2014.
    4. Web site: Hawthorne (city) QuickFacts. United States Census Bureau. November 16, 2021.
    5. Web site: USPS – ZIP Code Lookup – Find a ZIP+ 4 Code By City Results . January 18, 2007.
    6. Web site: Number Administration System – NPA and City/Town Search Results . January 18, 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090148/http://www.nanpa.com/nas/public/npa_city_query_step2.do?method=displayData&cityToNpaModel.stateAbbr=CA&cityToNpaModel.city=Hawthorne . September 29, 2007 . mdy-all .
    7. Web site: City Council . City of Hawthorne . June 10, 2017 . April 5, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200405075700/http://www.cityofhawthorne.org/alex-vargas . dead .
    8. Web site: City Manager's Office . City of Hawthorne . June 10, 2017 . March 13, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200313113119/http://www.cityofhawthorne.org/home-citymanager . dead .
    9. Ogden Hoffman, 1862, Reports of Land Cases Determined in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, Numa Hubert, San Francisco
    10. http://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/hb8h4nb562/?layout=metadata&brand=calisphere Map of Rancho Sausal Redondo
    11. Web site: Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County . August 8, 2023 . July 27, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160727105850/http://digarc.usc.edu/assetserver/controller/view/search/CHS-13060 . dead .
    12. Book: Dixon . Walt . Roberts . Jerry . Hawthorne . Arcadia . 2005 . 10. 9780738529714 .
    13. News: Sun hasn't set on 'sundown towns'. ERIN AUBRY . KAPLAN . January 24, 2007. December 2, 2017. Los Angeles Times.
    14. News: Wexler . Laura . October 23, 2005 . Book Review: Darkness on the Edge of Town (A review of SUNDOWN TOWNS: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism by James W. Loewen) . The Washington Post . BW03 . December 2, 2017.
    15. Web site: Google Maps . Google Maps . June 25, 2012.
    16. Web site: Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Los Angeles, California, United States of America . Weatherbase.com . January 8, 2009.
    17. Web site: P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Hawthorne city, California . United States Census Bureau.
    18. Web site: P2 Hispanic or Latino, and not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Hawthorne city, California . United States Census Bureau.
    19. Web site: P2 Hispanic or Latino, and not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Hawthorne city, California . United States Census Bureau.
    20. Web site: 2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Hawthorne city. https://archive.today/20140715114814/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0632548. dead. July 15, 2014. U.S. Census Bureau. July 12, 2014.
    21. Web site: U.S. Census website. United States Census Bureau. January 31, 2008.
    22. Web site: Hawthorne Profile – Mapping L.A. . . https://web.archive.org/web/20220202172015/https://maps.latimes.com/neighborhoods/neighborhood/hawthorne/index.html . February 2, 2022 . live.
    23. Web site: Homeless Count by City/Community . April 14, 2023 . LAHSA.
    24. News: Sarah . McBride . May 12, 2022 . A Sleepy California City Gets the Elon Musk Makeover . en . Bloomberg.com . May 25, 2022.
    25. Web site: City of Hawthorne FY2021 CAFR . May 15, 2022 . 189.
    26. News: Mattel Toys to Move Its Headquarters to El Segundo Site. March 9, 2017. Los Angeles Times. September 20, 1989.
    27. Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, pp. 93–106, Cypress, CA, 2013. .
    28. Web site: Belfiore . Michael . January 20, 2012 . Inside SpaceX: We Visit the Company's California Headquarters . January 7, 2019 . Popular Mechanics . en-US.
    29. Web site: City of hawthorne . February 23, 2023 . HAWTHORNE CALIFORNIA . en-US.
    30. Web site: City of Hawthorne . February 23, 2023 . HAWTHORNE CALIFORNIA . en-US.
    31. http://www.cityofhawthorne.com/civica/filebank/blobdload.asp?BlobID=5726 City of Hawthorne CAFR
    32. http://www.cityofhawthorne.com/contact/city_directory.asp City of Hawthorne City Directory
    33. Web site: Statewide Database . UC Regents . October 14, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20150201113744/http://statewidedatabase.org/gis/gis2011/index_2011.html . February 1, 2015. dead .
    34. October 6, 2014.
    35. Web site: 2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Los Angeles County, CA. U.S. Census Bureau. 10 (PDF p. 11/19). November 23, 2023. - This map overlays Hawthorne's city boundaries with the boundaries of various school districts.
    36. Web site: Zoning Map. City of Hawthorne. April 13, 2019. Compare this map to boundary maps issued by school districts.
    37. "School Site Locator" (Archive). Lawndale Elementary School District. Retrieved on January 2, 2017.
    38. "Elementary School & Middle School Boundaries as of September 2008." Lawndale Elementary School District. Retrieved on May 5, 2010.
    39. Web site: Boundary map. Lennox School District. April 13, 2019.
    40. http://www.hawthorne.k12.ca.us/Schools/HMSA/indexHMSA.htm Hawthorne.k12.ca.us
    41. http://www.heraldpublications.com/herald/hawthorne-press-tribune Hawthorne Press Tribune
    42. "Curtis Tucker Health Center." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
    43. "Post Office Location – HAWTHORNE." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.
    44. Web site: The History of Hawthorne . Broowaha . June 25, 2010.
    45. Web site: City of Hawthorne, CA – Beach Boys . Cityofhawthorne.com . December 29, 2000 . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110708160325/http://www.cityofhawthorne.com/about/welcome/beach_boys.asp . July 8, 2011 .
    46. News: For the Beach Boys, fun, fun, fun began in humble Hawthorne . May 31, 2005 . . Joel . Selvin . October 17, 2016.
    47. Web site: Parachutists Flock To Bridge For Day Of Legal Jumping . April 19, 2022 . AP NEWS . en.
    48. Web site: Statistics . Curtis Conway – No. 81 – WR – Southern California – Profile . Newyorkjets.com . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081203222545/http://www.newyorkjets.com/team/all_time/player/165-curtis-conway . December 3, 2008 .
    49. Web site: YouTube – Hawthorne vs. Leuzinger (11/4/1988) . https://web.archive.org/web/20200219040721/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oi_ZQR8IItQ&gl=US&hl=en. February 19, 2020 . dead. Ca.youtube.com . June 25, 2010.
    50. https://www.sbnation.com/nfl/players/2755/jason-simmons#stories_tab Jason Simmons News, Stats, Photos | Houston Texans
    51. Web site: Fred Dryer. IMDb.
    52. Web site: Domo Genesis – The Vogue . April 19, 2022 . en.
    53. Web site: Cuco rising: How a teen romantic from Hawthorne is becoming the buzz of the biz. Roberts. Randall. November 10, 2017. Los Angeles Times. en-US. September 6, 2019.
    54. Web site: April 10, 2019 . Dana Gioia inducted to Hawthorne Hall of Fame . April 19, 2022 . USC Thornton School of Music . en-US.
    55. Web site: Ted Gioia bio. www.tedgioia.com. May 1, 2016.
    56. Web site: Classmate Information. cougartown.com. May 1, 2016.
    57. Web site: Tracy Jones Minor Leagues Statistics & History . April 25, 2022 . Baseball-Reference.com . en.
    58. https://web.archive.org/web/20121212062010/http://www.mtv.com/artists/kurupt/ MTV
    59. Web site: Scott Laidlaw Stats . April 25, 2022 . Pro-Football-Reference.com . en.
    60. Web site: Michael Marsh. www.usatf.org. February 21, 2019. December 23, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191223064501/http://legacy.usatf.org/athletes/bios/TrackAndFieldArchive/1997/marsh.asp. dead.
    61. Web site: MICHAEL A. McDERMOTT. HOUSE OF DELEGATES FORMER DELEGATES. Maryland State Archives. January 20, 2015.
    62. Web site: Tour Location: 459 E Rhode Island Street, Hawthorne, California . The Movieland Directory . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090621033704/http://www.movielanddirectory.com/tour-location.cfm?location=18748 . June 21, 2009 .
    63. Web site: Marilyn Monroe: Encyclopedia II – Marilyn Monroe – Early life . Experiencefestival.com . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110710211955/http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Marilyn_Monroe_-_Early_life/id/1203502 . July 10, 2011 .
    64. Web site: Welcome to the Official Chris Montez website . Chrismontez.com . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080205063046/http://www.chrismontez.com/pages/home_frames.html . February 5, 2008 .
    65. Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 93, Cypress, CA, 2013. .
    66. Web site: July 21, 2020 . Emitt Rhodes, a one-man 1970s cult band from Hawthorne, dies at 70 . April 25, 2022 . Los Angeles Times . en-US.
    67. News: Video . CNN . January 12, 1987 . May 4, 2010 . June 20, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090620084028/http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1126859/index.htm . dead .
    68. Web site: Rapper Big Syke Dead at 48. Tmz.com . December 6, 2016.
    69. Web site: City of Hawthorne, CA – Thorpe . Cityofhawthorne.com . December 29, 2000 . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081228110555/http://www.cityofhawthorne.com/about/welcome/thorpe.asp . December 28, 2008 .
    70. Web site: City of Hawthorne, CA – Jim Thorpe . Cityofhawthorne.com . June 25, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110502084400/http://www.cityofhawthorne.com/depts/publicworks/commservices/park_locations/jim_thorpe.asp . May 2, 2011 .
    71. http://msn.foxsports.com/olympics/player/russell-westbrook/1362427 Fox Sports
    72. Web site: Russell Westbrook - 2006-07 Men's Basketball Roster - UCLA. www.uclabruins.com.
    73. Web site: "I Believe that Khelcey's Energy Is Inside Russell": The Legacy of Khelcey Barrs . April 25, 2022 . www.vice.com . April 14, 2017 . en.
    74. News: American Gyasi Zardes acquired by Colorado from Columbus . en-US . Washington Post . April 25, 2022 . 0190-8286.

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